樑上君子

See also: 梁上君子

Chinese

		beam of roof	up; on; on top up; on; on top; upon; first; previous or last; upper; higher; above; previous; to climb; to go into; to go up	junzi; man of virtue; high-minded person junzi; man of virtue; high-minded person; noble person; superior person
trad. (樑上君子/梁上君子)		樑/梁	上	君子
simp. (梁上君子)		梁	上	君子
Literally: “gentleman on the roof beam”.

Etymology

From a story in the Book of the Later Han.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): liángshàngjūnzǐ

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄤˊ ㄕㄤˋ ㄐㄩㄣ ㄗˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): loeng⁴ soeng⁶ gwan¹ zi²
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): liông-siōng-kun-chú / liông-siāng-kun-chú

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: liángshàngjūnzǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄤˊ ㄕㄤˋ ㄐㄩㄣ ㄗˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: liángshàngjyunzǐh
    • Wade–Giles: liang²-shang⁴-chün¹-tzŭ³
    • Yale: lyáng-shàng-jyūn-dž
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liangshanqjiuntzyy
    • Palladius: ляншанцзюньцзы (ljanšanczjunʹczy)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /li̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: loeng⁴ soeng⁶ gwan¹ zi²
    • Yale: lèuhng seuhng gwān jí
    • Cantonese Pinyin: loeng⁴ soeng⁶ gwan¹ dzi²
    • Guangdong Romanization: lêng⁴ sêng⁶ guen¹ ji²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lœːŋ²¹ sœːŋ²² kʷɐn⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liông-siōng-kun-chú
    • Tâi-lô: liông-siōng-kun-tsú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: liongsioxngkunzuo
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɔŋ²³⁻³³ siɔŋ³³⁻²¹ kun⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ kun⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ siɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ kun⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liông-siāng-kun-chú
    • Tâi-lô: liông-siāng-kun-tsú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: liongsiaxngkunzuo
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɔŋ²³⁻³³ siaŋ³³⁻²¹ kun⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: ljang dzyangH kjun tsiX

Rime
Character	樑	上	君	子
Reading #	1/1	2/2	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	常 (25)	見 (28)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	陽 (105)	文 (59)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III	III	III
Fanqie	呂章切	時亮切	舉云切	即里切
Baxter	ljang	dzyangH	kjun	tsiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɨɐŋ/	/d͡ʑɨɐŋH/	/kɨun/	/t͡sɨX/
Pan Wuyun	/liɐŋ/	/d͡ʑiɐŋH/	/kiun/	/t͡sɨX/
Shao Rongfen	/liɑŋ/	/d͡ʑiɑŋH/	/kiuən/	/t͡sieX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lɨaŋ/	/d͡ʑɨaŋH/	/kun/	/t͡sɨX/
Li Rong	/liaŋ/	/ʑiaŋH/	/kiuən/	/t͡siəX/
Wang Li	/lĭaŋ/	/ʑĭaŋH/	/kĭuən/	/t͡sĭəX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/li̯aŋ/	/ʑi̯aŋH/	/ki̯uən/	/t͡siX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	liáng	shàng	jūn	zǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	loeng4	soeng6	gwan1	zi2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*raŋ  daŋʔ-s  C.qur  tsəʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*raŋ  djaŋs  klun  ʔslɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	樑	上	君	子
Reading #	1/1	3/3	1/1	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	liáng	shàng	jūn	zǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ ljang ›	‹ dzyangH ›	‹ kjun ›	‹ tsiX ›
Old Chinese	/*raŋ/	/*daŋʔ-s/	/*C.qur/	/*tsəʔ/
English	beam; bridge	top, above (n.)	lord; ruler	child; gentleman, master
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	樑	上	君	子
Reading #	1/1	2/2	1/1	1/1
No.	1648	11103	7289	17857
Phonetic component	刅	上	君	子
Rime group	陽	陽	文	之
Rime subdivision	0	0	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	良	尚	君	子
Old Chinese	/*raŋ/	/*djaŋs/	/*klun/	/*ʔslɯʔ/

Idiom

樑上君子

1. (humorous) burglar; thief