Wiktionary

sem

See also: Appendix:Variations of "sem"

Translingual

edit

Symbol

edit

sem

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-5 language code for Semitic languages.

English

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

sem (plural sems)

  1. Clipping of seminary.
  2. Clipping of semester.
  3. Clipping of semicolon.

Derived terms

edit

Anagrams

edit

Bahnar

edit

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Bahnaric *ceː₂m, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *cim ~ *ciim ~ *ciəm ~ *caim ~ *cum (“bird”).

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

sem 

  1. bird

Catalan

edit

Alternative forms

edit

Verb

edit

sem

  1. (Northern, Alghero) first-person plural present indicative of ésser
  2. (Northern, Alghero) first-person plural present indicative of ser

Chinese

edit

Etymology

edit

From clipping of English semester.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

sem

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, university slang) semester (Classifier: 個／个 c)
    終於完sem喇。／终于完sem喇。 [Hong Kong Cantonese]  ―  zung1 jyu1 jyun4 sem6 laa3. [Jyutping]  ―  The semester has finally ended.

Derived terms

edit

References

edit

Czech

edit

Etymology

edit

Inherited from Old Czech sěmo, from Proto-Slavic *sěmo.

Pronunciation

edit

Adverb

edit

sem

  1. hither (to here)

Eskayan

edit

Numeral

edit

sem

  1. nine

Hungarian

edit

Alternative forms

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Conjunction

edit

sem (clitic)

  1. …, neither (or not…, either)
    Julit sem láttam. ― I didn’t see Juli, either. [aside from not having seen another person]
    Én sem láttam Julit. ― I didn’t see Juli, either. [aside from other people who haven't seen her]
  2. not even
    Meg sem próbálta. ― S/he didn’t even try it.

Conjunction

edit

sem (paired)

  1. neither… nor…
    Sem te, sem ő nem jöhettek velem. ― Neither you nor s/he can come with me.

Usage notes

edit

The word sem and nincs, nincsen (“it/there isn't”) are contracted into the forms sincs, sincsen (“it/there isn't, either”).

Derived terms

edit
Compound words
Expressions

See also

edit

Further reading

edit
  • sem in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Icelandic

edit

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): /sɛːm/
  • Rhymes: -ɛːm
  • (before words beginning with a consonant) IPA(key): /sɛm/

Etymology 1

edit

From Old Norse sem (“as, like”), possibly from Proto-Germanic *samaz (“same, alike”).

Conjunction

edit

sem

  1. (with a noun phrase) as, like
    Hann var sem guð meðal manna.
    He was like a god amongst men.
    Hár hennar var hvítt sem snjór.
    Her hair was white as snow.
    Hann er sem nýr.
    He is as [good as] new.
    Vista sem…
    Save as…
  2. (with a clause) like, as if
    Svo virðist sem sjúkdómurinn sé arfgengur
    Is seems as though the disease is hereditary.
  3. (relative, with a clause) who, which, that
    Þetta er maðurinn sem ég hitti í gær.
    That’s the man that I met yesterday.
    Þetta er konan sem barði mig.
    That’s the woman who hit me.
Synonyms
edit
Derived terms
edit

Etymology 2

edit

Verb

edit

sem (weak)

  1. first-person singular present indicative of semja
  2. second-person singular imperative of semja

Middle English

edit

Etymology 1

edit

Noun

edit

sem

  1. Alternative form of seem (“seam”)

Etymology 2

edit

Noun

edit

sem

  1. Alternative form of seem (“load”)

Old Norse

edit

Etymology 1

edit

Possibly from Proto-Germanic *samaz (“same, alike”).

Alternative forms

edit

Conjunction

edit

sem

  1. as, the same, like
Descendants
edit
  • Icelandic: sem
  • Faroese: sum (from East Nordic)
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: (dialectal) sem, se
  • Old Swedish: sum, som
  • Danish: som
    • Norwegian Bokmål: som

Etymology 2

edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

edit

sem

  1. inflection of semja:
    1. first-person singular active present indicative
    2. second-person singular active imperative

References

edit
  • “sem”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Tupi

edit

Alternative forms

edit

Etymology

edit

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *t͡sẽp, from Proto-Tupian *tẽp.[1]

Cognate with Guaraní sẽ, Sateré-Mawé wẽẽ-tẽp.

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

sem (first-person singular active indicative asem, first-person singular negative active indicative n'asemi, noun sema) (intransitive)

  1. to exit; to leave; to get out
    Asem 'y suí.
    I got out of the water.
  2. to move (to change residence)
    Synonym: îakasó
  3. (of a celestial body) to rise
  4. (rare) to be born [with suí ‘from someone’]
    Synonym: 'ar
    • 1586, André Thevet, “Du Goulphre ou Riviere de Ganabara”, in Le grand Insulaire et pilotage d'André THEVET, Angoumoisin, cosmographe du Roy, dans lequel sont contenus plusieurs plants d'isles habitées et deshabitées et description d'icelles‎[1], page 253:
      A'e osem Maria Virgem suí.
      [original: aëoſen Maria Vurgon ſuy]
      He was born from Mary Virgin.
    • 1586, André Thevet, “Du Goulphre ou Riviere de Ganabara”, in Le grand Insulaire et pilotage d'André THEVET, Angoumoisin, cosmographe du Roy, dans lequel sont contenus plusieurs plants d'isles habitées et deshabitées et description d'icelles‎[2], page 253:
      A'e abé nde suí osẽba'epûera Jesus.
      [original: aë aué de ſuy oſenuaë puera Jeſus]
      He also who was born from you, Jesus.

Conjugation

edit
    Conjugation of sem (intransitive, S-starting, consonant ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi verbs)
Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.
Causative mosem
Causative-comitative erosem
Deverbals
-ba'e osemyba'e
-sab(a) sembaba
-sar(a) sembara
Singular Singular & Plural Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person exclusive 1st person inclusive 2nd person
Verbal forms
Active
Indicative asem eresem osem orosem îasem pesem
Permissive t'asem t'eresem t'osem t'orosem t'îasem ta pesem
Imperative esem pesem
Negative indicative n'asemi n'eresemi n'osemi n'orosemi n'îasemi na pesemi
Negative permissive t'asem umẽ t'eresem umẽ t'osem umẽ t'orosem umẽ t'îasem umẽ ta pesem umẽ
Negative imperative esem umẽ pesem umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative gûixema esema osema orosema îasema pesema
Negative gûixeme'yma eseme'yma oseme'yma oroseme'yma îaseme'yma peseme'yma
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative sema
Negative seme'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative xe semi i xemi oré semi îandé semi
Negative xe seme'ymi i xeme'ymi oré seme'ymi îandé seme'ymi

Descendants

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ Andrey Nikulin (2020) Proto-Macro-Jê: um estudo reconstrutivo (in Portuguese), Brasília: UnB, page 568

Further reading

edit

Portuguese

edit

Etymology

edit

    From Old Galician-Portuguese sen, from Latin sine, from Proto-Indo-European *sene.

    Pronunciation

    edit

    Preposition

    edit

    sem

    2. -less; without (not having, containing, characteristic of, etc.)
      Antonym: com
      um livro sem capa ― a book without a cover
      casa sem janelas ― windowless house
    4. (followed by infinitive) without (not doing or not having done something)
      Ele gosta de comer tudo sem dividir.
      He likes to eat everything without sharing.
      Ele atirou sem avisar ninguém.
      He shot without warning anyone.

    Quotations

    edit

    For quotations using this term, see Citations:sem.

    Synonyms

    edit

    Antonyms

    edit
    • (antonym(s) of “not doing or having done something”): use gerund (-ando, -endo, -indo)

    Derived terms

    edit

    Descendants

    edit
    • → Ambonese Malay: seng
    • Macanese: sim

    Romani

    edit

    Verb

    edit

    sem

    1. first-person singular present indicative of si

    Serbo-Croatian

    edit

    Etymology 1

    edit

    This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

    Pronunciation

    edit

    Preposition

    edit

    sem (Cyrillic spelling сем)

    1. except, apart from, besides

    Etymology 2

    edit

    From Ancient Greek σῆμα (sêma).

    Pronunciation

    edit

    Noun

    edit

    sȇm m (Cyrillic spelling се̑м)

    1. (semantics) the smallest unit of meaning

    Further reading

    edit

    Slovene

    edit

    Pronunciation

    edit

    Etymology 1

    edit

    From Proto-Slavic *sěmo.

    Adverb

    edit

    sem

    1. hither, over here (to here)

    Etymology 2

    edit

    From Proto-Slavic *esmь.

    Verb

    edit

    sə̏m

    1. first-person singular present of bíti

    Further reading

    edit
    • “sem”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2024

    Tok Pisin

    edit

    Etymology

    edit

    From English same.

    Adjective

    edit

    sem

    1. same

    Zou

    edit

    Noun

    edit

    sem

    1. hair

    References

    edit
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=sem&oldid=82863778"