鄂

Translingual

Han character

鄂 (Kangxi radical 163, 邑+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 口尸弓中 (RSNL), four-corner 6722₇, composition ⿰咢阝)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1274, character 22
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39520
Dae Jaweon: page 1774, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3783, character 9
Unihan data for U+9102

Chinese

simp. and trad.		鄂
alternative forms		⿰⿱吅亐阝

Wikipedia has articles on:

鄂 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
鄂 (Cantonese)
鄂 (Classical)
Go̍k (sèⁿ) (Southern Min)
E (state) (English)

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (屰) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
斥	ŋ̊ʰjaːɡs, ŋ̊ʰjaːɡ
訴	*sŋaːɡs
泝	*sŋaːɡs
愬	sŋaːɡs, sŋreːɡ
遡	*sŋaːɡs
塑	*sŋaːɡs
溯	*sŋaːɡs
遻	*ŋaːɡs
柝	*tŋ̊ʰaːɡ
鶚	*ŋaːɡ
諤	*ŋaːɡ
齶	*ŋaːɡ
鍔	*ŋaːɡ
遌	*ŋaːɡ
崿	*ŋaːɡ
偔	*ŋaːɡ
堮	*ŋaːɡ
湂	*ŋaːɡ
鱷	*ŋaːɡ
噩	*ŋaːɡ
咢	*ŋaːɡ
鑩	*ŋaːɡ
鄂	*ŋaːɡ
鰐	*ŋaːɡ
萼	*ŋaːɡ
愕	*ŋaːɡ
顎	*ŋaːɡ
朔	*sŋraːɡ
槊	*sraːwɢ
蒴	*sraːwɢ
坼	*tŋ̊ʰraːɡ
拆	*tŋ̊ʰraːɡ
逆	*ŋraɡ
屰	*ŋraɡ
縌	*ŋraɡ
蝷	*reːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋaːɡ) : phonetic 咢 (OC *ŋaːɡ) + semantic 阝 (“area”).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): è, ào (e⁴, ao⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄜˋ, ㄠˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ngok⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): go̍k

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: è
  - Zhuyin: ㄜˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: è
  - Wade–Giles: o⁴
  - Yale: è
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: eh
  - Palladius: э (e)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: ào
  - Zhuyin: ㄠˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ào
  - Wade–Giles: ao⁴
  - Yale: àu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: aw
  - Palladius: ао (ao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

Note: ào - variant pronunciation for the surname.

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: ngok⁶
  - Yale: ngohk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ngok⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ngog⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɔːk̚²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: go̍k
  - Tâi-lô: go̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gok
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɡɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡɔk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡɔk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɡɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡɔk̚⁴/

Middle Chinese: ngak

Rime
Character	鄂
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	五各切
Baxter	ngak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋak̚/
Li Rong	/ŋɑk̚/
Wang Li	/ŋɑk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ŋɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	è
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ngok⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ŋaːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鄂
Reading #	1/1
No.	9463
Phonetic component	屰
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	咢
Old Chinese	/*ŋaːɡ/

Definitions

鄂

E (an ancient state located in modern Shanxi, Henan and Hubei, China)
name of two ancient counties in Hubei and Henan
name of an ancient city in modern Shanxi
a region of ancient China around Nanyang in present-day eastern Henan
Short for 湖北 (Húběi).: Hubei (a province of China)
forehead
Synonyms: 額／额, 前額／前额 (qián'é)
tool to capture animals
a surname

Descendants

→ English: E, O

Compounds

援鄂 (yuán'è)
棣鄂
白雲鄂博／白云鄂博 (Báiyún Èbó, “Bayan Obo”)
華鄂／华鄂
褒鄂
西鄂 (Xī'è)
鄂倫春族／鄂伦春族 (Èlúnchūnzú)
鄂博 (èbó)
鄂君啟節／鄂君启节
鄂君繡被／鄂君绣被
鄂國／鄂国 (Èguó)
鄂坪 (Èpíng)
鄂城 (Èchéng)
鄂州 (Èzhōu)
鄂溫／鄂温 (Èwēn)
鄂溫克／鄂温克 (Èwēnkè)
鄂溫克族／鄂温克族 (Èwēnkèzú)
鄂畢河／鄂毕河 (Èbì Hé)
鄂諾河／鄂诺河
鄂鄂

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 鄂 – see 諤 (“honest speech; frank speech”). (This character is a variant form of 諤).

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 鄂 – see 愕 (“startled; scared; astonished”). (This character is a variant form of 愕).

Etymology 4

For pronunciation and definitions of 鄂 – see 萼 (“calyx”). (This character is a variant form of 萼).

Etymology 5

For pronunciation and definitions of 鄂 – see 堮. (This character is a variant form of 堮).

Japanese

Kanji

鄂

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

Go-on: がく (gaku)
Kan-on: がく (gaku)
Kun: かぎり (kagiri, 鄂り)、おどろく (odoroku, 鄂く)

Korean

Hanja

鄂 (eum 악 (ak))

E (an ancient state located in modern Shanxi, Henan and Hubei, China)
name of two ancient counties in Hubei and Henan
name of an ancient city in modern Shanxi
a region of ancient China around Nanyang in present-day eastern Henan
Abbreviation of 湖北: Hubei (a province of China)

Vietnamese

Han character

鄂: Hán Nôm readings: ngạc

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