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Compensation of Beam Induced Effects in LHC Cryogenic Systems
/ Bradu, Benjamin (CERN) ; Blanco Viñuela, Enrique (CERN) ; Ferlin, Gerard (CERN) ; Fernández Adiego, Borja (CERN) ; Iadarola, Giovanni (CERN) ; Plutecki, Przemyslaw (CERN) ; Rogez, Edouard (CERN) ; Tovar González, Antonio (CERN)
This paper presents the different control strategies deployed in the LHC cryogenic system in order to compensate the beam induced effects in real-time. LHC beam is inducing important heat loads along the 27 km of beam screens due to synchrotron radiations, image current and electron clouds. [...]
CERN-ACC-2016-282.-
2016 - 4 p.
- Published in : 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-TUPMB048
Published version from JACoW: PDF;
In : 7th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Busan, Korea, 8 - 13 May 2016, pp.TUPMB048
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2.
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Beam screen cryogenic control improvements for the LHC run 2
/ Bradu, Benjamin (CERN) ; Rogez, Edouard (CERN) ; Blanco Vinuela, Enrique (CERN) ; Ferlin, Gerard (CERN) ; Tovar-Gonzalez, Antonio (CERN)
This paper presents the improvements made on the cryogenic control system for the LHC beam screens. The regulation objective is to maintain an acceptable temperature range around 20 K which simultaneously ensures a good LHC beam vacuum and limits cryogenic heat loads. [...]
CERN-ACC-2016-0106.-
Geneva : CERN, 2017 - 9 p.
- Published in : IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 171 (2017) 012128
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 26th International Cryogenic Engineering Conference and International Cryogenic Materials Conference 2016, New Delhi, India, 7 - 11 Mar 2016, pp.012128
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3.
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Adaptation of the Cryogenic System Capacity for the LHC Dynamic Heat Load - Operational Experience
/ Brodzinski, Krzysztof (CERN) ; Bradu, Benjamin (CERN) ; Claudet, Serge (CERN) ; Delikaris, Dimitri (CERN) ; Delprat, Laurent (CERN) ; Ferlin, Gerard (CERN)
During second LHC physics operation period (Run2), between 2015 and 2018, the accelerator operation modes and beam parameters have been adapted thus allowing significantly improved integrated luminosity production. Increased energy, intensity and adapted beam operation schemes with 25 ns of inter-bunches spacing have an essential influence on the dynamic heat load generation with direct impact on the cryogenic cooling system. [...]
2018 - 4 p.
- Published in : 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPMF073
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 9th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Vancouver, Canada, 29 Apr - 4 May 2018, pp.WEPMF073
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4.
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Automation of the software production process for multiple cryogenic control applications
/ Fluder, Czeslaw (CERN) ; Lefebvre, Victor (CERN) ; Pezzetti, Marco (CERN) ; Plutecki, Przemyslaw (AGH-UST, Cracow) ; Tovar-González, Antonio (CERN) ; Wolak, Tomasz (AGH-UST, Cracow)
The development of process control systems for the cryogenic infrastructure at CERN is based on an automatic software generation approach. The overall complexity of the systems, their frequent evolution as well as the extensive use of databases, repositories, commercial engineering software and CERN frameworks have led to further efforts towards improving the existing automation based software production methodology. [...]
2018 - 5 p.
- Published in : 10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2017-TUPHA006
Fulltext: PDF;
In : International Conference on Accelerator and Large Experimental Physics Control Systems, Barcelona, Spain, 8 - 13 Oct 2017, pp.TUPHA006
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6.
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Impact and Mitigation of Electron Cloud Effects in the Operation of the Large Hadron Collider
/ Iadarola, Giovanni (CERN) ; Bradu, Benjamin (CERN) ; Dijkstal, Philipp (CERN) ; Mether, Lotta (CERN) ; Rumolo, Giovanni (CERN)
In 2015 and in 2016 the Large Hadron Collider has been routinely operated with 25 ns bunch spacing. With this beam configuration electron clouds develop in a large fraction of the beam chambers, in spite of a very large electron dose accumulated on the surfaces. [...]
CERN-ACC-2017-154.-
2017 - 4 p.
- Published in : 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-TUPVA019
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 8th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Copenhagen, Denmark, 14 - 19 May 2017, pp.TUPVA019
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7.
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Progress in Mastering Electron Clouds at the Large Hadron Collider
/ Iadarola, Giovanni (CERN) ; Bradu, Benjamin (CERN) ; Mether, Lotta (CERN) ; Paraschou, Konstantinos (CERN) ; Petit, Valentine (CERN) ; Rumolo, Giovanni (CERN) ; Sabato, Luca (CERN) ; Skripka, Galina (CERN) ; Taborelli, Mauro (CERN) ; Tavian, Laurent (CERN)
During the second operational run of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) a bunch spacing of 25 ns was used for the first time for luminosity production. With such a spacing, electron cloud effects are much more severe than with the 50-ns spacing, which had been used in the previous run. [...]
JACoW, 2021 - 6 p.
- Published in : JACoW IPAC 2021 (2021) 1273-1278
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 12th International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC 2021), Online, 24 - 28 May 2021, pp.1273-1278
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8.
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Cryogenic operational experience from the LHC physics run2 (2015 – 2018 inclusive)
/ Brodzinski, K (CERN) ; Bradu, B (CERN) ; Delprat, L (CERN) ; Ferlin, G (CERN)
With end of year 2018 the LHC has completed its second physics run and started its second two-years long shut down period dedicated to planned consolidation, maintenance and upgrade activities. The run2 – four-year physics operation period started in spring 2015 – was used mainly for luminosity production but also to allow the optimization and adaptability of the cryogenic system capacity to compensate for generated operational heat loads. [...]
IOP, 2020 - 8 p.
- Published in : IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 755 (2020) 012096
External link: Published fulltext
In : Conference on Cryogenic Engineering and on International Cryogenic Materials, Hartford, Connecticut, 21 - 25 Jul 2019, pp.012096
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9.
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Beam-Induced Surface Modification of the LHC Beam Screens: The Reason for the High Heat Load in Some LHC Arcs?
/ Petit, Valentine (CERN) ; Chiggiato, Paolo (CERN) ; Himmerlich, Marcel (CERN) ; Iadarola, Giovanni (CERN) ; Neupert, Holger (CERN) ; Taborelli, Mauro (CERN) ; Zanin, Danilo A (CERN)
All over Run 2, the LHC beam-induced heat load exhibited a wide scattering along the ring. Studies ascribed the heat source to electron cloud build-up, indicating an unexpectedly high Secondary Electron Yield (SEY) of the beam screen surface in some LHC regions. [...]
Geneva : JACoW, 2021 - 4 p.
- Published in : JACoW IPAC 2021 (2021) 3479-3482
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 12th International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC 2021), Online, 24 - 28 May 2021, pp.3479-3482
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10.
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Observations, Analysis and Mitigation of Recurrent LHC Beam Dumps Caused by Fast Losses in Arc Half-Cell 16L2
/ Jimenez, José (CERN) ; Amorim, David (CERN ; U. Grenoble Alpes) ; Antipov, Sergey (CERN) ; Arduini, Gianluigi (CERN) ; Bertarelli, Alessandro (CERN) ; Biancacci, Nicolo (CERN) ; Bradu, Benjamin (CERN) ; Bravin, Enrico (CERN) ; Bregliozzi, Giuseppe (CERN) ; Brodzinski, Krzysztof (CERN) et al.
Recurrent beam dumps significantly perturbed the operation of the CERN LHC in the summer months of 2017, especially in August. These unexpected beam dumps were triggered by fast beam losses that built up in the cryogenic beam vacuum at the half-cell 16 left of LHC-IP2 and were detected either at that location but mainly in the collimation insertions. [...]
CERN-ACC-2018-164.-
2018 - 4 p.
- Published in : 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-MOPMF053
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 9th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Vancouver, Canada, 29 Apr - 4 May 2018, pp.MOPMF053
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