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Chapter 14: Cryogenics for the HL-LHC
/ Claudet, S (CERN) ; Ferlin, G (CERN) ; Monneret, E (CERN) ; Perin, A (CERN) ; Sisti, M (CERN) ; Van Weelderen, R (CERN) ; Lees, A (CERN) ; Gahier, V (CERN) ; Brodzinski, K (CERN) ; Delprat, L (CERN)
The discovery of a Higgs boson at CERN in 2012 was the start of a major program working to measure this particle’s properties with the highest possible precision for testing the validity of the Standard Model and to search for further new physics at the energy frontier. The LHC is in a unique position to pursue this program. [...]
2024 - 14 p.
- Published in : Adv. Ser. Direct. High Energy Phys. 31 (2024) 341-354
Fulltext: PDF;
In : The High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider, pp.341-354
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2.
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3.
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Cryogenics Experience with High Luminosity Running & Feedforward Controls
/ Ferlin, G (CERN) ; Bradu, B (CERN) ; Brodzinski, K (CERN) ; Delprat, L (CERN)
The first part of the presentation will summarize the overall cryogenic
performance and availability for 2017 and the expected performance for 2018
taking into account the beam induced heat loads in the inner triplets magnets
and the beam screen circuits. The second part will focus on the update of the
expected cryogenic limitations as well as on the available cryogenic power
studies and associated tuning in order to deliver the required cooling power
with respect to the 2018 beams operational conditions [...]
2019 - 5 p.
- Published in : (2019) , pp. 113-117
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 8th Evian Workshop on LHC beam operation, Evian Les Bains, France, 12 - 14 Dec 2017, pp.113-117
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4.
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Cryogenics Experience during Run 2 and impact of LS2 on next run
/ Ferlin, G (CERN) ; Bradu, B (CERN) ; Brodzinski, K (CERN) ; Delprat, L (CERN) ; Pezzetti, M (CERN)
The first part of the presentation will summarize the overall cryogenic
performance and availability for Run 2. Main evolutions and effects on the
cryogenic system during Run 2 will be presented. [...]
2019 - 6 p.
- Published in : , pp. 85-90
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 9th LHC Operations Evian Workshop, Evian Les Bains, France, 30 Jan - 1 Feb 2019, pp.85-90
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5.
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Design, Procurement, Installation and Commissioning of the Cryogenic Infrastructure for a New Superconducting RF Test Facility with Beam at CERN
/ Delprat, L (CERN) ; Brodzinski, K (CERN) ; Claudet, S (CERN) ; Derking, H (CERN)
The High-Luminosity LHC project (HL–LHC), aiming at peak luminosity above 5.0 × 10$^{34}$ cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$, considers replacing the matching sections on both sides of the ATLAS and CMS experiments. To complement new focusing quadrupoles, this upgrade considers using the so-called superconducting crab cavities, never operated before with protons and therefore requiring qualification with beam. [...]
IOP, 2020 - 8 p.
- Published in : IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 755 (2020) 012145
External link: Published Fulltext
In : Conference on Cryogenic Engineering and on International Cryogenic Materials, Hartford, Connecticut, 21 - 25 Jul 2019, pp.012145
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Cryogenic operational experience from the LHC physics run2 (2015 – 2018 inclusive)
/ Brodzinski, K (CERN) ; Bradu, B (CERN) ; Delprat, L (CERN) ; Ferlin, G (CERN)
With end of year 2018 the LHC has completed its second physics run and started its second two-years long shut down period dedicated to planned consolidation, maintenance and upgrade activities. The run2 – four-year physics operation period started in spring 2015 – was used mainly for luminosity production but also to allow the optimization and adaptability of the cryogenic system capacity to compensate for generated operational heat loads. [...]
IOP, 2020 - 8 p.
- Published in : IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 755 (2020) 012096
External link: Published fulltext
In : Conference on Cryogenic Engineering and on International Cryogenic Materials, Hartford, Connecticut, 21 - 25 Jul 2019, pp.012096
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7.
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Process control system evolution for the LHC Cold Compressors at CERN
/ Bradu, B (CERN) ; Delprat, L (CERN) ; Duret, E (CERN) ; Ferlin, G (CERN) ; Ivens, B (CERN) ; Lefebvre, V (CERN) ; Pezzetti, M (CERN)
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) operates using superfluid helium provided by eight large refrigeration units (2.4 kW @ 1.8 K each). These units supplied by specialized cryogenic industrial suppliers are composed of serial hydrodynamic cold compressors based on an axial-centrifugal impeller coupled with volumetric warm screw compressors. [...]
IOP, 2020 - 8 p.
- Published in : IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 755 (2020) 012086
In : Conference on Cryogenic Engineering and on International Cryogenic Materials, Hartford, Connecticut, 21 - 25 Jul 2019, pp.012086
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8.
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An SRF Test Stand in High Intensity and High Energy Proton Beams
/ Vandoni, Giovanna (CERN) ; Artoos, Kurt (CERN) ; Baglin, Vincent (CERN) ; Brodzinski, Krzysztof (CERN) ; Calaga, Rama (CERN) ; Capatina, Ofelia (CERN) ; Claudet, Serge (CERN) ; Delprat, Laurent (CERN) ; Mehanneche, Scharif (CERN) ; Montesinos, Eric (CERN) et al.
In the framework of HL-LHC, a new infrastructure was installed in 2018, to test SRF structures in the proton beams of the SPS. Scope of the test stand is to study the operational performance of crab cavities for HL-LHC – more generally, SRF cavities – through a wide range of proton beam parameters up to high energy and current, under safe conditions for equipment and personnel. [...]
2019 - 5 p.
- Published in : 10.18429/JACoW-SRF2019-THP106
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 19th International Conference on RF Superconductivity, Dresden, Germany, 30 Jun - 05 Jul 2019, pp.1189-1193
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9.
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Adaptation of the Cryogenic System Capacity for the LHC Dynamic Heat Load - Operational Experience
/ Brodzinski, Krzysztof (CERN) ; Bradu, Benjamin (CERN) ; Claudet, Serge (CERN) ; Delikaris, Dimitri (CERN) ; Delprat, Laurent (CERN) ; Ferlin, Gerard (CERN)
During second LHC physics operation period (Run2), between 2015 and 2018, the accelerator operation modes and beam parameters have been adapted thus allowing significantly improved integrated luminosity production. Increased energy, intensity and adapted beam operation schemes with 25 ns of inter-bunches spacing have an essential influence on the dynamic heat load generation with direct impact on the cryogenic cooling system. [...]
2018 - 4 p.
- Published in : 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPMF073
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 9th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Vancouver, Canada, 29 Apr - 4 May 2018, pp.WEPMF073
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10.
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Main improvements of LHC Cryogenics Operation during Run 2 (2015-2018)
/ Delprat, L (CERN) ; Bradu, B (CERN) ; Brodzinski, K (CERN) ; Ferlin, G (CERN) ; Hafi, K (CERN) ; Herblin, L (CERN) ; Rogez, E (CERN) ; Suraci, A (CERN)
After the successful Run 1 (2010-2012), the LHC entered its first Long Shutdown period (LS1, 2013-2014). During LS1 the LHC cryogenic system went under a complete maintenance and consolidation program. [...]
2017 - 8 p.
- Published in : IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 278 (2017) 012098
Fulltext: PDF;
In : 2017 Cryogenic Engineering Conference and International Cryogenic Materials Conference, Madison, WI, USA, 9 - 13 Jul 2017, pp.012098
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