Izithelo
Kumchazazitshalo, isithelo siwuhlaka oluzala imbewu ezitshalweni eziqhakazayo olubumbeka esizalweni ngemuva kokuqhakaza.
Izithelo yizindlela izitshalo eziqhakazayo (ezaziwa nangokuthi ama-angiosperms ) ezisabalalisa imbewu yazo. Izithelo ezidliwayo ikakhulukazi sekuyisikhathi eside zisakazwa kusetshenziswa ukufuduka kwabantu nezilwane ebudlelwaneni obusondelene obuyindlela yokusakazeka kwembewu kweqembu elilodwa nokondleka kwelinye; empeleni, abantu nezilwane eziningi sebencike ezithelweni njengomthombo wokudla .Ngenxa yalokho, izithelo zibanga ingxenye enkulu yomkhiqizo wezolimo emhlabeni, kanti ezinye (njenge- iphumezi nehalananda ) zithole izincazelo eziningi zamasiko nezimpawu.
Ekusetshenzisweni kolimi okuvamile, "isithelo" ngokujwayelekile sisho izakhiwo ezihambisana nembewu (noma umkhiqizo) wezitshalo ezivame ukuba mnandi noma zimuncu futhi zidliwe endaweni eluhlaza, njengama- iphumezi, ubhanana, umhleke, umhlina, intshungwa, kanye namaumkomfana. Lapho lisetshenziswa ngokomcazazitshalo igama elithi "izithelo" lifaka izinhlaka eziningi ezingenziwanga ezivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "izithelo", ezifana nati, izindumba zamaqobolondo, izikhwebu zombila, intshelane, kanye nomdloyo okusanhlamvu.
Ezomchazazitshalo vs. Ezokuqitha
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]
Amagama amaningi olimi ajwayelekile asetshenziselwa izithelo nembewu ahlukile ekuhlukanisweni kwezitshalo. Isibonelo, kumchazazitshalo, isithelo yisizalo esivuthiwe esqukethe imbewu; isb. iphumezi noma umhalinandi - noma intshelane (bona umdwebo kaVenn). Amantongomane uhlobo lwesithelo (hhayi imbewu), kanti imbewu iyi- ovule evuthiwe .Ngolimi lokuqitha, <i id="mwVQ">isithelo</i>, esibizwa kanjalo, yisiphuzo esiphundu noma esingemnandi (noma simuncu) sokunambitha kwesitshalo esithile (isb. umthobokala, umganandoda noma umhlina); Amantongomane aqinile, anamafutha, akhiqiza isitshalo esingelamnandi kumagobolondo. Imifino, ebizwa kanjalo, imvamisa ingumkhiqizo onomsoco noma ongewona ushukela (umfulwa, umsenge, UmBumane, nentshelane); kepha amanye angaba mnandi (ubhatata). [1]
Izibonelo zezithelo ezihlukaniswe ngezitshalo ngokuvamile ezibizwa ngemifino zifaka: umtango, ithanga, nesikwashi ( konke kusamtango); amaqobolondo, umkhwili, umqoqo (yonke eyimidumba ); ummbila, isitshalo seqanda, upelepele wensimbi (noma upelepele omnandi), intshelane, (bona isithombe). Izinongo zikapelepele kanye ne- allspice izithelo, uma kukhulunywa ngezitshalo.Ngokuphambene nalokho, i- rhubarb ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi isithelo lapho isetshenziselwa ukwenza ophaya, kepha umkhiqizo odliwayo we-rhubarb empeleni isiqu seqabunga noma i- petiole yesitshalo.Izinhlamvu ze- gymnosperm ezidliwayo zivame ukunikezwa amagama ezithelo, isb. Amantongomane e- ginkgo namantongomane kaphayini .
Amagama wezithelo ngesiZulu.
- African star - isAlazane
- Apple - iPhumezi
- Apricot - umNozane
- Avacado - uKwatapheya
- Banana - uBhanana
- Blackberry - iJingijolo
- Blueberry - iNhlamvulu
- Calabash - uSelwa
- Cherry - uMantshibe
- Cranberry - IsiThubuka
- Dragon fruit - inHlabangwane
- Granadilla - iJembuluka
- Grapes - umHleke
- Grape fruit - iKhakhangeji
- Guava - isiPhofu
- Fig - iKhiwane, umDenda, iKhukhuboya
- Kiwi - umGqumunundu
- Kumquat - umChoko
- Lemon - umHlina
- Lime - umCako
- Lychee - umGebezani
- Mulberry - iTshalo
- Mango - umKanya
- Morula - umGano
- Naartjie - iNgeji
- Orange - intshungwa
- Passion fruit - isiMiliminci
- Papaya - iNhlwanyene
- Peach - umThobokala
- Pear - umGanandoda
- Plantian - uKhova
- Prickly pear - umTolofiya, iBhoma
- Plum - umTshudansomi
- Pineapple - inHlabanjalo
- Pomegranate - umHalinandi
- Tangerine - umThamuji
- Raspberry - umKleleva
- Strawberry - umkomfanaka
- Starfruit - umKwezi
- Watermelon - iKhabe
- Salacia Kraussi - iBhonsi
- Sesamum indicum - uDonqa
- Strychnos mackeni - umGulukuza
- Cape gooseberry - uGqumgqum
- Harpephyllum - uGwenya
- Tasselberry - umHlakanyoni
- Arum lilly - uHlukwe
- Vigna Triloba - isiKhwali
- Erythroxylon pictum - umNcaka
- ↑ For a Supreme Court of the United States ruling on the matter, see Nix v. Hedden.