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失认症：修订间差异

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{{Infobox disease
{{Infobox medical condition
|Name = 失认症
| Name = 失认症
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| Field = [[神经内科]]
|ICD10 = {{ICD10|F|80|2|f|80}}, {{ICD10|F|88|0|f|80}} and {{ICD10|R|48|1|r|47}}
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| Image = Nuvola apps interrogation blue.png
|ICD9 = {{ICD9|784.69}}
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| Caption = 失认症导致患者对感觉刺激缺乏认识能力
⚫
|Field = [[神经内科]]
|ICDO =
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|Image = Nuvola apps interrogation blue.png
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|Caption = 失认症导致患者对感觉刺激缺乏认识能力
|OMIM =
|OMIM_mult =
|MedlinePlus =
|eMedicineSubj = agnosia
|eMedicineTopic =
⚫
|DiseasesDB =
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|MeshID = D000377


|1=}}
}}


'''失认症'''（{{lang-en|agnosia}}）是指由[[大脑]]受损而导致的认知障碍。患者在意识正常、无感觉障碍的情况下，对传入的感觉刺激缺乏认识能力，包括物体失认、相貌失认、听觉失认等<ref>{{cite web |title=AGNOSIA |url=http://brainmind.com/Agnosia.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303171639/http://brainmind.com/Agnosia.html |archive-date=2016-03-03 |accessdate=2015-09-02 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>。須注意的是，此種辨識障礙並非因感覺缺失(如視野缺損，[[半侧空间忽略|半側無知覺]])、智力退化、意識或注意力的異常，對該物體不熟悉而引起。而失認症通常只會在某項感覺模式缺損，因此無法透過一種感覺途徑(如視覺)辨識出的物體，可以透過另一種感覺途徑(如觸覺)來辨識<ref> {{Cite book|author=陳雅資 譯|title=後天性言語和語言障礙|location=台北|publisher=合計圖書出版社|ISBN=978-986-126-983-2}} </ref>。
'''失认症'''（{{lang-en|Agnosia}}）是指由[[大脑]]受损而导致的认知障碍。患者在意识正常、无感觉障碍的情况下，对传入的感觉刺激缺乏认识能力，包括物体失认、相貌失认、听觉失认等<ref>{{cite web |title=AGNOSIA |url=http://brainmind.com/Agnosia.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303171639/http://brainmind.com/Agnosia.html |archive-date=2016-03-03 |accessdate=2015-09-02 |website=BrainMind.com - Neuroscience |dead-url=yes }}</ref>。須注意的是，此種辨識障礙並非因感覺缺失（如視野缺損，[[半侧空间忽略|半側無知覺]]）、智力退化、意識或注意力的異常，對該物體不熟悉而引起。而失認症通常只會在某項感覺模式缺損，因此無法透過一種感覺途徑（如視覺）辨識出的物體，可以透過另一種感覺途徑（如觸覺）來辨識<ref> {{Cite book|author=陳雅資 譯|title=後天性言語和語言障礙|location=台北|publisher=合計圖書出版社|ISBN=978-986-126-983-2}} </ref>。


== 类型 ==
== 类型 ==
* 运动失认（akinetopsia）<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Zeki |first=S. |date=1991-04 |title=Cerebral akinetopsia (visual motion blindness). A review |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2043951/ |journal=Brain: A Journal of Neurology |volume=114 ( Pt 2) |doi=10.1093/brain/114.2.811 |issn=0006-8950 |pmid=2043951}}</ref>
* {{le|运动失认|Akinetopsia}}<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Zeki |first=S. |date=1991-04 |title=Cerebral akinetopsia (visual motion blindness). A review |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2043951/ |journal=Brain: A Journal of Neurology |volume=114 ( Pt 2) |doi=10.1093/brain/114.2.811 |issn=0006-8950 |pmid=2043951 |access-date=2022-11-12 |archive-date=2022-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221112104034/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2043951/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>
* 异位性视觉失认（Allotopagnosia）
* 病感失认（anosognosia）
* {{le|病感失认|Anosognosia}}
* 统觉性视觉失认（apperceptive visual agnosia）<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Riddoch |first=M. Jane |last2=Humphreys |first2=Glyn W. |date=2003-05 |title=Visual agnosia |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12916489/ |journal=Neurologic Clinics |volume=21 |issue=2 |doi=10.1016/s0733-8619(02)00095-6 |issn=0733-8619 |pmid=12916489}}</ref>
* {{le|知觉失认|Apperceptive agnosia|统觉性视觉失认}}<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Riddoch |first=M. Jane |last2=Humphreys |first2=Glyn W. |date=2003-05 |title=Visual agnosia |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12916489/ |journal=Neurologic Clinics |volume=21 |issue=2 |doi=10.1016/s0733-8619(02)00095-6 |issn=0733-8619 |pmid=12916489 |access-date=2022-11-12 |archive-date=2022-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221112104359/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12916489/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>
* 联想性视觉失认（associative visual agnosia）
* {{le|联想性视觉失认|Associative visual agnosia}}
* 立体觉失认（astereognosis）
* {{le|立体觉失认|Astereognosis}}
* 听觉失认（auditory agnosia）<ref>{{Cite journal |date=1982-06-25 |title=Auditory agnosia |url=https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rstb.1982.0071 |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences |language=en |volume=298 |issue=1089 |doi=10.1098/rstb.1982.0071 |issn=0080-4622}}</ref>
* {{le|听觉失认|Auditory agnosia}}<ref>{{Cite journal |date=1982-06-25 |title=Auditory agnosia |url=https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rstb.1982.0071 |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences |language=en |volume=298 |issue=1089 |doi=10.1098/rstb.1982.0071 |issn=0080-4622 |access-date=2022-11-12 |archive-date=2022-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221112104246/https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rstb.1982.0071 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
* 言语失认（auditory verbal agnosia）
* {{le|言语失认|Auditory verbal agnosia}}
* 自体失认（autotopagnosia）
* {{le|自体失认|Autotopagnosia}}
* 皮质性色盲（cerebral achromatopsia）<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cowey |first=Alan |last2=Alexander |first2=Iona |last3=Heywood |first3=Charles |last4=Kentridge |first4=Robert |date=2008-08 |title=Pupillary responses to coloured and contourless displays in total cerebral achromatopsia |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18550620/ |journal=Brain: A Journal of Neurology |volume=131 |issue=Pt 8 |doi=10.1093/brain/awn110 |issn=1460-2156 |pmid=18550620}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Woodward |first=Todd S. |last2=Dixon |first2=Mike J. |last3=Mullen |first3=Kathy T. |last4=Christensen |first4=Karin M. |last5=Bub |first5=Daniel N. |date=1999-03 |title=Analysis of errors in color agnosia: A single-case study |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13554799908415474 |journal=Neurocase |language=en |volume=5 |issue=2 |doi=10.1080/13554799908415474 |issn=1355-4794}}</ref>
* {{le|皮质性色盲|Cerebral achromatopsia}}<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cowey |first=Alan |last2=Alexander |first2=Iona |last3=Heywood |first3=Charles |last4=Kentridge |first4=Robert |date=2008-08 |title=Pupillary responses to coloured and contourless displays in total cerebral achromatopsia |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18550620/ |journal=Brain: A Journal of Neurology |volume=131 |issue=Pt 8 |doi=10.1093/brain/awn110 |issn=1460-2156 |pmid=18550620 |access-date=2022-11-12 |archive-date=2022-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221112104246/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18550620/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Woodward |first=Todd S. |last2=Dixon |first2=Mike J. |last3=Mullen |first3=Kathy T. |last4=Christensen |first4=Karin M. |last5=Bub |first5=Daniel N. |date=1999-03 |title=Analysis of errors in color agnosia: A single-case study |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13554799908415474 |journal=Neurocase |language=en |volume=5 |issue=2 |doi=10.1080/13554799908415474 |issn=1355-4794 |access-date=2022-11-12 |archive-date=2022-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221112104453/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13554799908415474 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
* 皮性质聋（cortical deafness）
* {{le|皮性质聋|Cortical deafness}}
* 环境失认（environmental agnosia）<ref name="M.S.Burns (2004)">{{Cite journal |last=Burns |first=Martha S. |date=2004 |title=Clinical management of agnosia |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14872395/ |journal=Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation |volume=11 |issue=1 |doi=10.1310/N13K-YKYQ-3XX1-NFAV |issn=1074-9357 |pmid=14872395}}</ref>
* 环境失认（Environmental agnosia）<ref name="M.S.Burns (2004)">{{Cite journal |last=Burns |first=Martha S. |date=2004 |title=Clinical management of agnosia |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14872395/ |journal=Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation |volume=11 |issue=1 |doi=10.1310/N13K-YKYQ-3XX1-NFAV |issn=1074-9357 |pmid=14872395 |access-date=2022-11-12 |archive-date=2022-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221112104246/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14872395/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>
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* 手指失认（finger agnosia）
* 形状失认（form agnosia）
* {{le|手指失认|Finger agnosia}}
* 联合性失认（integrative agnosia）
* 形状失认（Form agnosia）
* {{le|異視症|Heterotopagnosia}}
* 痛觉失认（pain agnosia）
* {{le|联合性失认|Integrative agnosia}}
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* 噪音失认（phonagnosia）<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Van Lancker |first=D. R. |last2=Cummings |first2=J. L. |last3=Kreiman |first3=J. |last4=Dobkin |first4=B. H. |date=1988-06 |title=Phonagnosia: a dissociation between familiar and unfamiliar voices |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3416603/ |journal=Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior |volume=24 |issue=2 |doi=10.1016/s0010-9452(88)80029-7 |issn=0010-9452 |pmid=3416603}}</ref>
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* 痛觉失认（Pain agnosia）
* [[臉盲症|脸盲]]（prosopagnosia）
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* {{le|噪音失认|Phonagnosia}}<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Van Lancker |first=D. R. |last2=Cummings |first2=J. L. |last3=Kreiman |first3=J. |last4=Dobkin |first4=B. H. |date=1988-06 |title=Phonagnosia: a dissociation between familiar and unfamiliar voices |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3416603/ |journal=Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior |volume=24 |issue=2 |doi=10.1016/s0010-9452(88)80029-7 |issn=0010-9452 |pmid=3416603 |access-date=2022-11-12 |archive-date=2022-12-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206192950/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3416603/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>
⚫
* 纯失读（pure alexia）<ref name="M.S.Burns (2004)" />
* [[臉盲症|相貌失認]]
* 语义失认（semantic agnosia）<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Magnié |first=M. N. |last2=Ferreira |first2=C. T. |last3=Giusiano |first3=B. |last4=Poncet |first4=M. |date=1999-01 |title=Category specificity in object agnosia: preservation of sensorimotor experiences related to objects |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9920472/ |journal=Neuropsychologia |volume=37 |issue=1 |doi=10.1016/s0028-3932(98)00045-1 |issn=0028-3932 |pmid=9920472}}</ref>
⚫
* {{le|纯失读|Pure alexia}}<ref name="M.S.Burns (2004)" />
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* 社会情绪失认（social-emotional agnosia）
* 画片中动作失认（simultanagnosia）<ref name="Coslett 1991">{{Cite journal |last=Coslett |first=H. B. |last2=Saffran |first2=E. |date=1991-08 |title=Simultanagnosia. To see but not two see |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1884165/ |journal=Brain: A Journal of Neurology |volume=114 ( Pt 4) |doi=10.1093/brain/114.4.1523 |issn=0006-8950 |pmid=1884165}}</ref>
* 语义失认（Semantic agnosia）<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Magnié |first=M. N. |last2=Ferreira |first2=C. T. |last3=Giusiano |first3=B. |last4=Poncet |first4=M. |date=1999-01 |title=Category specificity in object agnosia: preservation of sensorimotor experiences related to objects |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9920472/ |journal=Neuropsychologia |volume=37 |issue=1 |doi=10.1016/s0028-3932(98)00045-1 |issn=0028-3932 |pmid=9920472 |access-date=2022-11-12 |archive-date=2022-11-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221113054211/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9920472/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>
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* {{le|社会情绪失认|Social-emotional agnosia}}
* 触觉失认（tactile agnosia）<ref>{{cite journal |author=Reed CL, Caselli RJ, Farah MJ |title=Tactile agnosia. Underlying impairment and implications for normal tactile object recognition |journal=Brain |volume=119 |issue=3 |pages=875–88 |date=June 1996 |pmid=8673499 |doi=10.1093/brain/119.3.875 |url=}}</ref>
* {{le|画片中动作失认|Simultanagnosia}}<ref name="Coslett 1991">{{Cite journal |last=Coslett |first=H. B. |last2=Saffran |first2=E. |date=1991-08 |title=Simultanagnosia. To see but not two see |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1884165/ |journal=Brain: A Journal of Neurology |volume=114 ( Pt 4) |doi=10.1093/brain/114.4.1523 |issn=0006-8950 |pmid=1884165 |access-date=2022-11-12 |archive-date=2022-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221112104440/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1884165/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>
* 时间失认（time agnosia）
* 地形定向障碍（topographical disorientation）<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mendez |first=Mario F |last2=Cherrier |first2=Monique M |date=2003-01-01 |title=Agnosia for scenes in topographagnosia |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0028393203000411 |journal=Neuropsychologia |language=en |volume=41 |issue=10 |doi=10.1016/S0028-3932(03)00041-1 |issn=0028-3932}}</ref>
* {{le|立体觉失认|Astereognosis|触觉失认}}<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Reed |first=C. L. |last2=Caselli |first2=R. J. |last3=Farah |first3=M. J. |date=1996-06 |title=Tactile agnosia. Underlying impairment and implications for normal tactile object recognition |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8673499/ |journal=Brain: A Journal of Neurology |volume=119 ( Pt 3) |doi=10.1093/brain/119.3.875 |issn=0006-8950 |pmid=8673499 |access-date=2022-11-12 |archive-date=2022-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221112104340/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8673499/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>
* [[發展性地形迷失]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mendez |first=Mario F |last2=Cherrier |first2=Monique M |date=2003-01-01 |title=Agnosia for scenes in topographagnosia |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0028393203000411 |journal=Neuropsychologia |language=en |volume=41 |issue=10 |doi=10.1016/S0028-3932(03)00041-1 |issn=0028-3932}}</ref>
* 视空间认知障碍（visuospatial dysgnosia）
* {{le|视空间认知障碍|Visuospatial dysgnosia}}
* 视觉失认（visual agnosia）<ref name="Green, 2005">{{Cite journal |last=Greene |first=J. D. W. |date=2005-12-01 |title=Apraxia, agnosias, and higher visual function abnormalities |url=https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/76/suppl_5/v25 |journal=Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry |language=en |volume=76 |issue=suppl 5 |doi=10.1136/jnnp.2005.081885 |issn=0022-3050 |pmc=PMC1765708 |pmid=16291919}}</ref>
* {{le|视觉失认|Visual agnosia}}<ref name="Green, 2005">{{Cite journal |last=Greene |first=J. D. W. |date=2005-12-01 |title=Apraxia, agnosias, and higher visual function abnormalities |url=https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/76/suppl_5/v25 |journal=Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry |language=en |volume=76 |issue=suppl 5 |doi=10.1136/jnnp.2005.081885 |issn=0022-3050 |pmc=1765708 |pmid=16291919 |access-date=2022-11-12 |archive-date=2022-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221112111049/https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/76/suppl_5/v25 |dead-url=no }}</ref>


== 参考文献 ==
== 参考文献 ==
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==外部連結==
==外部連結==
{{Medical resources
{{Medical resources
| ICD10 = {{ICD10|F80.2}}, {{ICD10|F88}}, {{ICD10|R48.1}}
| ICD10 = {{ICD10|F|80|2|f|80}}, {{ICD10|F|88|0|f|80}} and {{ICD10|R|48|1|r|47}}
| ICD9 = {{ICD9|784.69}}
| ICD9 = {{ICD9|784.69}}
| ICDO =
| ICDO =
| OMIM =
| OMIM =
| DiseasesDB =
| OMIM_mult =
| MedlinePlus =
| MedlinePlus =
| eMedicineSubj = agnosia
| eMedicineSubj = agnosia
| eMedicineTopic =
| eMedicineTopic =
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| DiseasesDB =
| MeshID = D000377
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| MeshID = D000377
| GeneReviewsNBK =
| GeneReviewsName =
| NORD =
| GARDNum =
| GARDName =
| Orphanet =
| AO =
| RP =
| WO =
| OrthoInfo =
| NCI =
| Scholia =
| SNOMED CT =
}}
}}
{{Wiktionary|agnosia}}
{{Wiktionary|agnosia}}

2023年12月20日 (三) 15:12的最新版本

失认症
失认症导致患者对感觉刺激缺乏认识能力
类型溝通障礙、perceptual disorders[*]、疾病
分类和外部资源
醫學專科神经内科
ICD-11MB4B.1
[编辑此条目的维基数据]

失认症（英語：Agnosia）是指由大脑受损而导致的认知障碍。患者在意识正常、无感觉障碍的情况下，对传入的感觉刺激缺乏认识能力，包括物体失认、相貌失认、听觉失认等[1]。須注意的是，此種辨識障礙並非因感覺缺失（如視野缺損，半側無知覺）、智力退化、意識或注意力的異常，對該物體不熟悉而引起。而失認症通常只會在某項感覺模式缺損，因此無法透過一種感覺途徑（如視覺）辨識出的物體，可以透過另一種感覺途徑（如觸覺）來辨識[2]。

类型

[编辑]

参考文献

[编辑]
  1. ^ AGNOSIA. BrainMind.com - Neuroscience. [2015-09-02]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-03）. 
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  10. ^ Magnié, M. N.; Ferreira, C. T.; Giusiano, B.; Poncet, M. Category specificity in object agnosia: preservation of sensorimotor experiences related to objects. Neuropsychologia. 1999-01, 37 (1) [2022-11-12]. ISSN 0028-3932. PMID 9920472. doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(98)00045-1. （原始内容存档于2022-11-13）. 
  11. ^ Coslett, H. B.; Saffran, E. Simultanagnosia. To see but not two see. Brain: A Journal of Neurology. 1991-08,. 114 ( Pt 4) [2022-11-12]. ISSN 0006-8950. PMID 1884165. doi:10.1093/brain/114.4.1523. （原始内容存档于2022-11-12）. 
  12. ^ Reed, C. L.; Caselli, R. J.; Farah, M. J. Tactile agnosia. Underlying impairment and implications for normal tactile object recognition. Brain: A Journal of Neurology. 1996-06,. 119 ( Pt 3) [2022-11-12]. ISSN 0006-8950. PMID 8673499. doi:10.1093/brain/119.3.875. （原始内容存档于2022-11-12）. 
  13. ^ Mendez, Mario F; Cherrier, Monique M. Agnosia for scenes in topographagnosia. Neuropsychologia. 2003-01-01, 41 (10). ISSN 0028-3932. doi:10.1016/S0028-3932(03)00041-1 （英语）. 
  14. ^ Greene, J. D. W. Apraxia, agnosias, and higher visual function abnormalities. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. 2005-12-01, 76 (suppl 5) [2022-11-12]. ISSN 0022-3050. PMC 1765708 可免费查阅. PMID 16291919. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2005.081885. （原始内容存档于2022-11-12） （英语）. 

外部連結

[编辑]
分類
編輯維基數據鏈接
外部資源
查看维基词典中的词条「agnosia」。
规范控制数据库：各地 編輯維基數據鏈接
检索自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=失认症&oldid=80187225”