獸亞綱:修订间差异
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←新頁面,內容: {{Taxobox | color = pink | name = 獸亞綱 | fossil_range = 中白堊紀至今 | image = house_mouse.jpg | image_caption = 小家鼠 ''Mus musculus'' | r... |
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{{Taxobox |
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| taxon = Theria |
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| name = 獸亞綱 |
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| image = house_mouse.jpg |
| image = house_mouse.jpg |
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| image_caption = [[小家鼠]] ''Mus musculus'' |
| image_caption = [[小家鼠]] ''Mus musculus'' |
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| regnum = [[動物界]] Animalia |
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| phylum = [[脊索動物門]] Chordata |
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| classis = [[哺乳綱]] Mammalia |
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| subclassis = '''獸亞綱 Theria''' |
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| subdivision_ranks = 下綱 |
| subdivision_ranks = 下綱 |
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| subdivision = |
| subdivision = |
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[[後獸下綱]] Metatheria <br/> |
[[後獸下綱]] Metatheria <br/> |
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[[真獸下綱]] Eutheria |
[[真獸下綱]] Eutheria |
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}} |
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'''獸亞綱'''( |
'''獸亞綱'''([[学名]]:'''Theria''',源自希臘语{{lang|el|θηρίον}},野獸之意)是[[生物分類學|分類學]]上的一群[[哺乳類]]動物<ref>{{cite web en | url=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/classification/Theria.html | title=Subclass Theria | work=Animal Diversity Web | author=Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey | accessdate=2007-12-28 | archive-date=2011-05-15 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515212407/http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/classification/Theria.html | dead-url=yes }}</ref>。這些動物從出生到幼年時期,不須經歷在[[蛋]]中的生活。而獸亞綱中可粗分成兩大類,分別是[[真獸下綱]](eutheria,也就是胎盤類)與[[後獸下綱]](metatheria,包含[[有袋類]]及其祖先)。 |
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獸亞綱的特徵在於外耳、[[乳頭]],以及使其得以進行大範圍移動的[[踝關節]]。有時候也以[[齒列]]型態作為定義獸亞綱的依據。幾乎所有現存的哺乳動物都屬於獸亞綱,少數例外有[[鴨嘴獸]]與[[針鼴]],牠們被歸類在[[原獸亞綱]](Prototheria)、[[單孔目]](Monotremata)之下。 |
獸亞綱的特徵在於外耳、[[乳頭]],以及使其得以進行大範圍移動的[[踝關節]]。有時候也以[[齒列]]型態作為定義獸亞綱的依據。幾乎所有現存的哺乳動物都屬於獸亞綱,少數例外有[[鴨嘴獸]]與[[針鼴]],牠們被歸類在[[原獸亞綱]](Prototheria)、[[單孔目]](Monotremata)之下。 |
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==演化關係== |
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以下演化樹是根據[[Malcolm McKenna|麥肯納]]等人的研究所假設:<ref name="Rowe1988">{{cite journal|last1=Rowe|first1=Timothy|title=Definition, diagnosis, and origin of Mammalia|journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology|volume=8|issue=3|year=1988|pages=241–264|issn=0272-4634|doi=10.1080/02724634.1988.10011708}}</ref><ref name="McKennaBell1997">{{cite book|last1=McKenna|first1=Malcolm C.|authorlink1=Malcolm McKenna|last2=Bell|first2=Susan K.|title=Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OLYifwU8bqQC&pg=PP9|accessdate=16 March 2015|year=1997|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=978-0-231-11012-9|pages=9–10|archive-date=2019-12-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191216195341/https://books.google.com/books?id=OLYifwU8bqQC&pg=PP9|dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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{{clade| style=font-size:85%;line-height:85% |
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|label1=[[哺乳形類]] |
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|1={{clade |
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|1=†[[摩爾根獸科]] [[File:Morganucodon.jpg|50px]] |
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|label2=[[哺乳綱]] |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=[[原獸亞綱]]→[[單孔目]] [[File:Genera mammalium Ornithorhynchus anatinus.jpg|50px]] |
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|label2={{link-en|獸形亞綱|Theriiformes}} |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=†[[異獸亞綱]]→†[[多瘤齒獸目]] [[File:Taeniolabis NT small.jpg|50px]] |
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|2=†[[真三尖齒獸目]] [[File:Repenomamus BW.jpg|50px]] |
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|label3=[[Holotheria]] |
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|3={{clade |
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|1=†[[Kuehneotheria]] |
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|label2=[[Trechnotheria]] |
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|2={{clade |
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|1={{link-en|對齒獸目|Symmetrodonta}} [[File:Maotherium.jpg|30px]] |
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|label2= [[Cladotheria]] |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=†{{link-en|树兽超目|Dryolestoidea}} |
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|label2= [[Zatheria]] |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=†[[Peramura]] |
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|label2=[[Tribosphenida]] |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=†{{link-en|濱齒獸目|Aegialodontia}} |
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|label2= [[獸亞綱]] |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=[[後獸下綱]]→[[有袋上目]] [[File:Thylacinus_cynocephalus_white_background.jpg|50px]] |
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|2=[[真獸下綱]]→[[胎盤類]] [[File:DendrohyraxEminiSmit_white_background.jpg|50px]] |
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==延伸閱讀== |
==延伸閱讀== |
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{{reflist|2}} |
{{reflist|2}} |
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{{哺乳動物}} |
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{{Basal mammals|H.}} |
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{{ |
{{Taxonbar}} |
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[[Category:兽亚纲| ]] |
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[[bg:Живородни бозайници]] |
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[[ca:Teri]] |
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[[de:Theria]] |
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[[es:Theria]] |
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[[eo:Vivonaskuloj]] |
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[[eu:Terio]] |
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[[fr:Thériens]] |
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[[ko:수아강]] |
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[[hr:Theria]] |
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[[it:Theria]] |
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[[lij:Theria]] |
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[[hu:Elevenszülő emlősök]] |
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[[nl:Theriiformes]] |
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[[ja:獣亜綱]] |
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[[oc:Theria]] |
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[[pl:Ssaki żyworodne]] |
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[[pt:Theria]] |
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[[simple:Theria]] |
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[[sv:Theria]] |
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[[th:เธอเรีย]] |
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[[tr:Theria]] |
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[[uk:Звірі]] |
2023年9月19日 (二) 15:26的最新版本
獸亞綱 化石时期:晚侏羅世至今
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小家鼠 Mus musculus | |
科学分类 | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
纲: | 哺乳纲 Mammalia |
演化支: | 獸形類 Theriimorpha |
演化支: | 獸型類 Theriiformes |
演化支: | Trechnotheria |
演化支: | 歧獸類 Cladotheria |
演化支: | 原磨楔齒類 Prototribosphenida |
演化支: | Zatheria |
演化支: | 磨楔齒類 Tribosphenida |
亚纲: | 獸亞綱 Theria Parker & Haswell, 1897 |
下綱 | |
獸亞綱(学名:Theria,源自希臘语θηρίον,野獸之意)是分類學上的一群哺乳類動物[1]。這些動物從出生到幼年時期,不須經歷在蛋中的生活。而獸亞綱中可粗分成兩大類,分別是真獸下綱(eutheria,也就是胎盤類)與後獸下綱(metatheria,包含有袋類及其祖先)。
獸亞綱的特徵在於外耳、乳頭,以及使其得以進行大範圍移動的踝關節。有時候也以齒列型態作為定義獸亞綱的依據。幾乎所有現存的哺乳動物都屬於獸亞綱,少數例外有鴨嘴獸與針鼴,牠們被歸類在原獸亞綱(Prototheria)、單孔目(Monotremata)之下。
演化關係
[编辑]哺乳形類 |
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延伸閱讀
[编辑]- Vaughan, Terry A., James M. Ryan, and Nicholas J. Czaplewski. 2000. Mammalogy: Fourth Edition. Saunders College Publishing, 565 pp. ISBN 0-03-025034-X
參考文獻
[编辑]- ^ Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. Subclass Theria. Animal Diversity Web. [2007-12-28]. (原始内容存档于2011-05-15).
- ^ Rowe, Timothy. Definition, diagnosis, and origin of Mammalia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 1988, 8 (3): 241–264. ISSN 0272-4634. doi:10.1080/02724634.1988.10011708.
- ^ McKenna, Malcolm C.; Bell, Susan K. Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level. Columbia University Press. 1997: 9–10 [16 March 2015]. ISBN 978-0-231-11012-9. (原始内容存档于2019-12-16).