Java Program To Determine If a Given Matrix is a Sparse Matrix

In this article, we will understand how to determine if a given Matrix is a sparse matrix. A matrix is said to be sparse matrix if most of the elements of that matrix are 0. It implies that it contains very less non-zero elements.

Below is a demonstration of the same −

Suppose our input is −

Input matrix:
4 0 6
0 0 9
6 0 0

The desired output would be −

Yes, the matrix is a sparse matrix

Algorithm

Step 1 - START
Step 2 - Declare an integer matrix namely input_matrix
Step 3 - Define the values.
Step 4 - Iterate over each element of the matrix using two for-loops, count the number of elements that have the value 0.
Step 5 - If the zero elements is greater than half the total elements, It’s a sparse matrix, else its not.
Step 6 - Display the result.
Step 7 - Stop

Example 1

Here, we bind all the operations together under the ‘main’ function.

public class Sparse {
   public static void main(String args[]) {
      int input_matrix[][] = {
         { 4, 0, 6 },
         { 0, 0, 9 },
         { 6, 0, 0 }
      };
      System.out.println("The matrix is defined as: ");
      int rows = 3;
      int column = 3;
      int counter = 0;
      for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
         for (int j = 0; j < column; j++) {
            System.out.print(input_matrix[i][j] + " ");
         }
         System.out.println();
      }
      for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i)
         for (int j = 0; j < column; ++j)
            if (input_matrix[i][j] == 0)
               ++counter;
            if (counter > ((rows * column) / 2))
               System.out.println("\nYes, the matrix is a sparse matrix");
            else
               System.out.println("\nNo, the matrix is not a sparse matrix");
   }
}

Output

The matrix is defined as:
4 0 6
0 0 9
6 0 0

Yes, the matrix is a sparse matrix

Example 2

Here, we encapsulate the operations into functions exhibiting object-oriented programming.

public class Sparse {
   static int rows = 3;
   static int column = 3;
   static void is_sparse(int input_matrix[][]){
      int counter = 0;
      for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
         for (int j = 0; j < column; j++) {
            System.out.print(input_matrix[i][j] + " ");
         }
         System.out.println();
      }
      for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i)
         for (int j = 0; j < column; ++j)
            if (input_matrix[i][j] == 0)
               ++counter;
            if (counter > ((rows * column) / 2))
               System.out.println("\nYes, the matrix is a sparse matrix");
            else
               System.out.println("\nNo, the matrix is not a sparse matrix");
   }
   public static void main(String args[]) {
      int input_matrix[][] = { { 4, 0, 6 },
         { 0, 0, 9 },
         { 6, 0, 0 }
      };
      System.out.println("The matrix is defined as: ");
      is_sparse(input_matrix);
   }
}

Output

The matrix is defined as:
4 0 6
0 0 9
6 0 0

Yes, the matrix is a sparse matrix