C Program for sparse matrix

In a given matrix, when most of the elements are zero then, we call it as sparse matrix. Example − 3 x3 matrix

1 1 0
0 0 2
0 0 0

In this matrix, most of the elements are zero, so it is sparse matrix.

Problem

Check whether a matrix is a sparse matrix or not.

Solution

• Let us assume ZERO in the matrix is greater than (row * column)/2.

• Then, the matrix is a sparse matrix otherwise not.

Program

Following is the program to check whether the given matrix is sparse matrix or not −

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main(){
   int row,col,i,j,a[10][10],count = 0;
   printf("Enter row\n");
   scanf("%d",&row);
   printf("Enter Column\n");
   scanf("%d",&col);
   printf("Enter Element of Matrix1\n");
   for(i = 0; i < row; i++){
      for(j = 0; j < col; j++){
         scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
      }
   }
   printf("Elements are:\n");
   for(i = 0; i < row; i++){
      for(j = 0; j < col; j++){
         printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
      }
      printf("\n");
   }
   /*checking sparse of matrix*/
   for(i = 0; i < row; i++){
      for(j = 0; j < col; j++){
         if(a[i][j] == 0)
            count++;
      }
   }
   if(count > ((row * col)/2))
      printf("Matrix is a sparse matrix \n");
   else
      printf("Matrix is not sparse matrix\n");
}

Output

When the above program is executed, it produces the following result −

Run 1:
Enter row
3
Enter Column
2
Enter Element of Matrix1
1 0 2 0 2 0
Elements are:
1 0
2 0
2 0
Matrix is not sparse matrix
Run 2:
Enter row
3
Enter Column
2
Enter Element of Matrix1
1 0 0 0 0 0
Elements are:
1 0
0 0
0 0
Matrix is a sparse matrix