MySQL - TINYINT

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The MySQL TINYINT Data Type

The MySQL TINYINT data type is used to store integer values within a very small range. It occupies just 1 byte (8 bits) of storage and can hold values from -128 to 127 for signed TINYINT or 0 to 255 for unsigned TINYINT.

When you define a TINYINT column in MySQL, by default it is considered as SIGNED. This means it can hold both positive and negative numbers within a specific range. Additionally, you can use either "TINYINT" or "INT1" to define such a column because they work the same way.

Syntax

Following is the syntax of the MySQL TINYINT data type −

TINYINT(M) [SIGNED | UNSIGNED | ZEROFILL]

Example

First, let us create a table with the name tinyint_table using the below query −

CREATE TABLE tinyint_table (
   col1 TINYINT,
   col2 TINYINT UNSIGNED,
   col3 TINYINT ZEROFILL
);

Following is the output obtained −

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.03 sec)

Now, let us try to insert some values (128, 128, 128) into these columns as shown below −

INSERT INTO tinyint_table VALUES (128, 128, 128);

An error is generated for the value in col1 because the value we inserted is out of range −

ERROR 1264 (22003): Out of range value for column 'col1' at row 1

Next, if we try to insert a negative value into the TINYINT UNSIGNED column ("col2"), it will result in an error because UNSIGNED values cannot be negative −

INSERT INTO tinyint_table VALUES (127, -120, 128);

The error message displayed is as follows −

ERROR 1264 (22003): Out of range value for column 'col2' at row 1

Similarly, if we insert -128 into the TINYINT ZEROFILL column ("col3"), an error will be generated −

INSERT INTO tinyint_table VALUES (127, 128, -128);

The output is as shown below −

ERROR 1264 (22003): Out of range value for column 'col3' at row 1

However, if we insert values within the valid range, the insertion will succeed as shown below −

INSERT INTO tinyint_table VALUES (127, 128, 128);

Following is the output of the above code −

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

Finally, we can retrieve all the records present in the table using the following SELECT query −

SELECT * FROM tinyint_table;

This query will display the following result −

col1 col2 col3
127 128 128

TINYINT Datatype Using a Client Program

We can also create column of the TINYINT datatype using the client program.

Syntax

PHP NodeJS Java Python

To create a column of TINYINT datatype through a PHP program, we need to execute the "CREATE TABLE" statement using the mysqli function query() as follows −

$sql = 'CREATE TABLE tinyint_table ( col1 TINYINT, col2 TINYINT UNSIGNED, col3 TINYINT ZEROFILL )';
$mysqli->query($sql);

To create a column of TINYINT datatype through a JavaScript program, we need to execute the "CREATE TABLE" statement using the query() function of mysql2 library as follows −

sql = "CREATE TABLE tinyint_table ( col1 TINYINT, col2 TINYINT UNSIGNED, col3 TINYINT ZEROFILL )";
con.query(sql);

To create a column of TINYINT datatype through a Java program, we need to execute the "CREATE TABLE" statement using the JDBC function execute() as follows −

String sql = "CREATE TABLE tinyint_table ( col1 TINYINT, col2 TINYINT UNSIGNED, col3 TINYINT ZEROFILL )";
statement.execute(sql);

To create a column of TINYINT datatype through a python program, we need to execute the "CREATE TABLE" statement using the execute() function of the MySQL Connector/Python as follows −

sql = 'CREATE TABLE tinyint_table (col1 TINYINT, col2 TINYINT UNSIGNED, col3 TINYINT ZEROFILL)'   
cursorObj.execute(sql)

Example

Following are the programs −

PHP NodeJS Java Python 
$dbhost = 'localhost';
$dbuser = 'root';
$dbpass = 'password';
$dbname = 'TUTORIALS';
$mysqli = new mysqli($dbhost, $dbuser, $dbpass, $dbname);
if ($mysqli->connect_errno) {
    printf("Connect failed: %s", $mysqli->connect_error);
    exit();
}
//printf('Connected successfully.');

$sql = 'CREATE TABLE tinyint_table ( col1 TINYINT, col2 TINYINT UNSIGNED, col3 TINYINT ZEROFILL )';
$result = $mysqli->query($sql);
if ($result) {
    printf("Table created successfully...!\n");
}
// insert data into created table    
$q = " INSERT INTO tinyint_table (col1, col2, col3) VALUES (100, 105, 110)";
if ($res = $mysqli->query($q)) {
    printf("Data inserted successfully...!\n");
}
//now display the table records    
$s = "SELECT * FROM tinyint_table";
if ($r = $mysqli->query($s)) {
    printf("Table Records: \n");
    while ($row = $r->fetch_assoc()) {
        printf(" Col_1: %s, Col_2: %s, Col_3: %s", $row["col1"], $row["col2"], $row["col3"]);
        printf("\n");
    }
} else {
    printf('Failed');
}
$mysqli->close();

Output

The output obtained is as follows −

Table created successfully...!
Data inserted successfully...!
Table Records:
 Col_1: 100, Col_2: 105, Col_3: 110          

var mysql = require("mysql2");
var con = mysql.createConnection({
  host: "localhost",
  user: "root",
  password: "password",
}); //Connecting to MySQL

con.connect(function (err) {
  if (err) throw err;
  //   console.log("Connected successfully...!");
  //   console.log("--------------------------");
  sql = "USE TUTORIALS";
  con.query(sql);

  //create a tinyint_table table, that accepts one column of tinyint type.
  sql = "CREATE TABLE tinyint_table ( col1 TINYINT, col2 TINYINT UNSIGNED, col3 TINYINT ZEROFILL )";
  con.query(sql);

  //insert data into created table
  sql =
    "INSERT INTO tinyint_table (col1, col2, col3) VALUES (100, 105, 110)";
  con.query(sql);

  //select datatypes of salary
  sql = `SELECT DATA_TYPE FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE table_name = 'tinyint_table' AND COLUMN_NAME = 'col2'`;
  con.query(sql, function (err, result) {
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log(result);
  });
});

Output

The output produced is as follows −

[ { DATA_TYPE: 'tinyint' } ]

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class TinyInt {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/TUTORIALS";
      String username = "root";
      String password = "password";
      try {
         Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
         Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
         Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
         System.out.println("Connected successfully...!");

         //TinyInt data types...!;
         String sql = "CREATE TABLE tinyint_table ( col1 TINYINT, col2 TINYINT UNSIGNED, col3 TINYINT ZEROFILL )";
         statement.execute(sql);
         System.out.println("column of a TINYINT type created successfully...!");
         ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery("DESCRIBE tinyint_table");
         while (resultSet.next()){
            System.out.println(resultSet.getString(1)+" "+resultSet.getString(2));
         }
         connection.close();
      } catch (Exception e) {
         System.out.println(e);
      }
   }
}

Output

The output obtained is as shown below −

Connected successfully...!
column of a TINYINT type created successfully...!
col1 tinyint
col2 tinyint unsigned
col3 tinyint(3) unsigned zerofill

import mysql.connector
# Establishing the connection
connection = mysql.connector.connect(
    host='localhost',
    user='root',
    password='password',
    database='tut'
)
# Creating a cursor object
cursorObj = connection.cursor()
# Create table with Tinyint column
sql = '''
CREATE TABLE tinyint_table (
col1 TINYINT,
col2 TINYINT UNSIGNED,
col3 TINYINT ZEROFILL
)'''
cursorObj.execute(sql)
print("The table is created successfully!")
# Insert data into the created table
insert_query = "INSERT INTO tinyint_table (col1, col2, col3) VALUES (127, 128, 128);"
cursorObj.execute(insert_query)
# Commit the changes after the insert operation
connection.commit()
print("Rows inserted successfully.")
# Now display the table records
select_query = "SELECT * FROM tinyint_table"
cursorObj.execute(select_query)
result = cursorObj.fetchall()
print("Table Data:")
for row in result:
    print(row)
cursorObj.close()
connection.close()

Output

Following is the output of the above code −

The table is created successfully!
Rows inserted successfully.
Table Data:
(127, 128, 128)
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