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Java For Beginners Level 1

Strings can't do math!

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Kristin Kharrat
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109 views

Java For Beginners Level 1

Strings can't do math!

Uploaded by

Kristin Kharrat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 24

Java for

Beginners
University

Greenwich

Computing At

School

DASCO

Chris
Coetzee
What do you learn last time?

Wordle.org
3 Laws of Java

1. Every line ends with a ; unless the


next symbol is a {
2. Every { has a }
3. Classes start with capital letters,
methods and variables start with
lower case letters
Java’s structure
Java programs are called ‘classes’
They exist inside a container called a project
All classes have at least one method called main()

Project: CheeseCake

Class: CheeseCake

Method: main()

We write our ‘code’ here


Java class example
Class name

Main method
Levels of Java coding
• 1: Syntax, laws, variables, output
• 2: Input, calculations, String manipulation
• 3: Selection (IF-ELSE)
• 4: Iteration/Loops (FOR/WHILE)
• 5: Complex algorithms
• 6: Arrays
• 7: File management
• 8: Methods
• 9: Objects and classes
• 10: Graphical user interface elements
Variables vs. Value

• A variable is like a box


• What is inside the box can change or ‘vary’
• The ‘thing’ inside the box is the value
5 types of variables

double
boolean
int
char

String
Why not have just 1 type?
• Only type big enough to cope with
sentences is Strings
• Strings are BIG compared with
booleans/ints
• To save space, we only use the box
type that is “just big enough” to contain
the value we want.
• Less waste = faster programs!
Strings: “cat” “DA1 2HW”

double
boolean
int
char

String
int: 23 0 -98 39290 -321

double
boolean
int
char

String
double: 1.2 -5.93 3.3333

double
boolean
int
char

String
boolean: true / false

double
boolean
int
char

String
char: ‘a’ ‘3’ ‘@’ ‘A’ ‘ ’

double
boolean
int
char

String
What data type is each of
the following?
-9 double
4.5 boolean
int
chicken char
false
% String
£ 2.90
The cat is hungry now.
192.168.1.190
Declare vs. Instantiate

int number; Declare

number = 3; Instantiate

int number = 3; All in one!


Strings

String name; Declare

name = “Joe”; Instantiate

!
ne
li no

String name = “Joe”; Al


char

char letter; Declare

letter = ‘a’; Instantiate

char letter = ‘a’; All in one!


double

double price; Declare

price = 2.99; Instantiate

!
ne
i no

double price = 2.99;


All
boolean

boolean fit; Declare

fit = true; Instantiate

!
ne
i no

boolean fit = true;


All
Be careful!
true vs “true”
“a” vs ‘a’
“4” vs 4
“2.99” vs 2.99
+ vs ‘+’ vs “+”

Note! Strings cannot do calculations


What does this do?
int num;
num = 23;
System.out.println(23);
System.out.println(num);
System.out.println(“23”);

23
Output
23

23
Combining values and variables

int num1 = 5;
int num2 = 10;
System.out.println(num1+num2);
System.out.println(num1+” + ”+num2);

15
Output
5 + 10
What went wrong?!

String number = “2”;


int zombie = 4;
System.out.println(number+number);
System.out.println(zombie+zombie);

22
Output
8

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