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CH2_Classes and Object

The document provides an overview of Python classes and objects, emphasizing that Python is an object-oriented programming language where almost everything is an object. It explains the creation of classes and objects, the purpose of the __init__() function, and the use of the self parameter. Additionally, it includes examples of defining classes, creating objects, and modifying object properties.

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2 views

CH2_Classes and Object

The document provides an overview of Python classes and objects, emphasizing that Python is an object-oriented programming language where almost everything is an object. It explains the creation of classes and objects, the purpose of the __init__() function, and the use of the self parameter. Additionally, it includes examples of defining classes, creating objects, and modifying object properties.

Uploaded by

atarhini748
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

Classes and object


Python Classes/Objects 2

 Python is an object oriented programming language.


 Almost everything in Python is an object, with its properties and
methods.
 A Class is like an object constructor, or a "blueprint" for creating
objects.
Class 3

 How to create a class


 How to create an object
Class 4

The __init__() Function

➢ The examples above are classes and objects in their simplest form, and are not really
useful in real life applications.

➢ To understand the meaning of classes we have to understand the built-in __init__()


function.

➢ All classes have a function called __init__(), which is always executed when the class is
being initiated.

➢ Use the __init__() function to assign values to object properties, or other operations
that are necessary to do when the object is being created:
Class 5
Class 6

The self Parameter:


 The self parameter is a reference to the current instance of the class,
and is used to access variables that belongs to the class.

 It does not have to be named self , you can call it whatever you like,
but it has to be the first parameter of any function in the class:
Class 7

Modification of properties on objects


8

# Define a class called 'Car'

class Car:

def __init__(self, make, model, year):

self.make = make

self.model = model

self.year = year

def display_info(self):

print(f"Car: {self.make} {self.model} ({self.year})")

# Create an object of the 'Car' class

my_car = Car("Tesla", "Model S", 2022)

# Access the attributes of the object and call its methods

print(f"Make: {my_car.make}")

print(f"Model: {my_car.model}")

print(f"Year: {my_car.year}")

my_car.display_info()
Modification of properties
class Car:
9
def __init__(self, make, model, year):

self.make = make

self.model = model

self.year = year

def display_info(self):

print(f"Car: {self.make} {self.model} ({self.year})")

# Create an object of the 'Car' class

my_car = Car("Tesla", "Model S", 2022)

# Display the initial information

my_car.display_info()

# Modify the properties of the car object

my_car.make = "BMW"

my_car.model = "X5"

my_car.year = 2023

# Display the modified information

my_car.display_info()
Class: 10
an example of a class called Circle that calculates the perimeter, area, and volume of a circle:
Exercise:
import math
class Circle:
def __init__(self, radius):
11
self.radius = radius

def calculate_perimeter(self):
return 2 * math.pi * self.radius

def calculate_area(self):
return math.pi * self.radius**2
def calculate_volume(self):
return (4/3) * math.pi * self.radius**3

# Create an object of the 'Circle' class


my_circle = Circle(5)
# Calculate and display the perimeter, area, and volume
print("Perimeter:", my_circle.calculate_perimeter())
print("Area:", my_circle.calculate_area())
print("Volume:", my_circle.calculate_volume())

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