DESIGN OF LINTEL BEAM L1

Loading diagram :

16.697 KN/m

2.88 m
24.04 KN 24.04 KN
RA Rb

Data :

Grade of concrete = 30 N/mm2

Grade of steel = 415 N/mm2

Effective span of the beam ( lef ) = 2.88 m

Bredth of beam ( b ) = 230 mm

Depth of beam ( D ) = 300 mm

Density of reinforced concrete (gc ) = 25 KN/m3

Unit Wt of Brick wall = 21 KN/m3

Height of Brick wall = 2.4 m

Width of brickwall = 0.23 m

Clear Cover = 45 mm

Loads on beam :

Width of chajja = 0.6 m

Thickness of chajja = 0.125 m

Dead load of chajja = 3.125 kN/m2

Live load on chajja = 1.5 kN/m2

Floor finish = 1 kN/m2

Load from chajja = (1.5+3.125+1)*0.6

= 3.375 KN/m

Self weight of beam ( wb ) = 25 * 0.23 * 0.3

wb = gc*b*D = 1.73 KN/m

Load from wall on the beam = 0.23 * 21 * 2.4

= 11.592 KN/m

1
Total U.D.L on beam ( w ) = 1.73 + 11.592+3.375
= 16.697 KN/m

Partial safety factor (gf ) = 1.5

Max. B.M ( M ) = 24.04 * 1.44 - 16.697 * 1.0368

M = RA * x* -w * x2 / 2 = 17.31 KN-m

2
Fac. Max. B.M ( Mu ) = 17.31 * 1.5
Mu = M * gf = 25.965 KN-m

Effective depth required from max. B.M ( dreq ) = SQRT (25.965 * 10^6 ) / (0.138 * 30 * 230)
= 165 mm

Effective depth Provided ( d ) = 300 - 45 - 8

= 247 mm

Hence O.K

Design for flexure :

Mu /bd2 = 25.965 * 10^6 / 247 ^2*230

= 1.85 N/mm2

Pt from SP : 16 = 0.556 ( IS 456 - 2000 ( ANNEX G -1.1b )

Area of Steel required ( Ast req) = 0.556 * 230 * 247 / 100

Ast = pt * b * D/100 = 316 mm2

Dia of bars to be provided ( f ) = 16 mm

Area of 16mm bar ( Ao ) = 3.14 * 16 ^2 / 4

= 201 mm2

No. of 16 mm bars required = 316 / 201

= 1.57 no.s

Provided no. of 16mm bars = 3 no.s

Area of Steel to be provided ( Ast ) = 201 * 3

= 603 mm2

Check for min. steel :

Min. Area of Steel ( Ast min ) = 0.85 * 230 * 247 / 415

Ast min = 0.85* b * d / fy = 116 mm2

Hence O.K

Hence provide 3no.s of 16 mm dia.

Hanger bars at Top

Dia of bars to be provided ( f ) = 12 mm

Area of 12mm bar ( Ao ) = 3.14 * 12 ^2 / 4

= 113 mm2

No. of 12 mm bars required = 116 / 3.14 * 12 ^2 / 4

= 1.03 no.s

Provided no. of mm bars = 3 no.s

3
Design for Shear :

Fac. Shear Force ( Vu ) = 1.5 * MAX (24.04&24.04 )

= 36.06 kN

% of longitudinal Steel ( p) = 603 * 100 / 230 * 247

p = 100* Ast/ ( b * d ) = 1.06

Shear strength of concrete ( tc ) = 0.67 N/mm2

Table 19 of IS-456-2000

Nominal Shear stress ( tv ) = 36.06 * 1000 / 230 * 247

tv = V u / ( b * d ) = 0.63 N/mm2

Provide min. shear reinforcement

Max. Shear stress ( tcmax ) = 3.5 N/mm2

Table 20 of IS-456-2000

Shear to be resisted by shear rft. ( Vus ) = 36.06 * 1000 - 0.67 * 230 * 247
Vus = ( Vu - tc * b * d ) = -2003 N

Dia. Of two legged vertical stirrups ( f ) = 8 mm

Area of two legged stirrups ( Asv ) = 3.14 * 8 ^2 / 4

= 50 mm2

Spacing of stirrups ( S ) = 0.87 * 415 * 50 * 247 / -2003

S =( 0.87 * fy * Asv * d ) / Vus = 2226 mm

Check for max. spacing :

Max. Allowble spacing is the least of the following

Cl 26.5.1.5 From IS 456:2000 = 300 mm

0.75 times the effective depth of beam = 0.75 * 247

Cl 26.5.1.5 From IS 456:2000 = 185 mm

Spacing from min. shear rft. requirement = 0.87*50 * 415/0.4*230

Smin. = .87*fy * Asv / ( 0.4 * b ) = 196 mm
Cl 26.5.1.6 From IS 456:2000

Max. spacing of stirrups ( Smax ) = 185 mm

Provided spacing of stirrups ( S ) = 125 mm

Hence provide 8 mm two legged verticle stirrups @ 125 mm spacing

4
 CALCULATION OF DEFLECTION FOR LINTEL BEAM L1
Data:
Breadth of compression face (b) = 230 mm
Overall Depth (D) = 300 mm
Effective depth (d) = 247 mm
Charecteristic strength of concrete ( f ck ) = 30 N/mm2
Yield strength of steel (f y ) = 415 N/mm2
breadth of web ( bw ) = 230
Effective span (L) = 2.88 m
Total load on beam (w) = 16.697 kN/m
Span Moment ( Mo ) = 16.697*2.88^2/8
= 17.31 kN-m

Depth of neutral axis ( y t = D/2 ) = 300/2

= 150 mm
Percentage of tensile steel ( pt ) = 1.06 %
Percentage of compression steel ( pc ) = 0.20 %
Ultimate shrinkage strain of concrete ( ecs ) = 0.0003

M.I, (I) = (230*300^3/12)

= 5.18E+08 mm4
E = (5000*SQRT(30))
= 27386.13 N/mm2
Deflection due to service loads ( dsu ) = 1.06 mm
(5*16.697*(2.88*1000)^4)/(384*27386.13*517500000)

Shortterm deflection ( cracked section ):

Modulus of rupture of concrete ( f cr = 0.7*sqrt( fck )) = 0.7*SQRT(30)

= 3.83 N/mm2
Moment of inertia of gross section ( I gr = b*D3/12 ) = 230*300^3/12
= 5.18E+08 mm4

Cracking moment ( M r = fcr*Igr/yt ) = 13.21 kN-m

(3.83*517500000/150)/10^6

Limiting value of depth of neutral axis ( Xu = 0.48* d ) = 0.48*247

= 118.56 mm
Depth of centre of compressive force from the extreme
fibre in compression ( L = 0.42*X u ) = 0.42*118.56
 = 49.80 mm

Modular ratio ( m =Es/Ec ) = 7.30

Transformed area of steel ( m*A st ) = 1.06*230*247*7.3/100

= 4396 mm2
M.I.of cracked section , Ir = Xu*bw*(Xu-L)2 + m*Ast*(d-Xu )2 = 2.01E+08 mm4
118.56*230*(118.56-49.7952)^2+4395.9578*(247-118.56)^2
For simply supported members:
Effective m.i Ieff = Ir/ ( 1.2- (Mr/M*(L-d)/d*(1-Xu/d)*bw/b)) = 2.28E+08 mm4
201462569.82/(1.2-((13.2135/17.3114496)*((247-49.7952)/247)*(1-118.56/247)*230/230))

Igr/Ieff = 517500000/228128468.32
= 2.27

Shortterm deflection( cracked section ) dsc = dsu *Igr/Ieff = 1.06*517500000/228128468.32

= 2.40 mm
Deflection due to shrinkage:
Type of support condition IS 456 -2000 P.no 88 2

Cantilever -1 ( K3 = 0.500 )
Simply supported - 2 ( k3 = 0.125 )
Continuous at one end -3 ( k3 = 0.086 )
Fully continuous -4 ( k3 = 0.063 )
k3 = 0.125
K4 = 0.600
k4 = 0.72*(pt-pc)/sqrt(pt) for 0.25< pt-pc >1.0
k4 = 0.65*(pt-pc)/sqrt(pt) for pt-pc > 1.0
Shrinkage curvature value ( Ccs = k4* ecs/ D) = 0.6*0.0003/300
= 6E-07

Deflection due to shrinkage ( acs = k3*Ccs*l2 ) = 0.125*0.0000006*2.88^2*10^6

= 0.62 mm
Deflection due to Creep:

Creep coefficient ( q ) ( Clause 6.2.5.1 of IS-456-2000) = 1.1

Ece = Ec/( 1+ q ) = (27386.13/(1+1.1))

= 13041.01 N/mm2

Initial plus creep deflection due to permanent loads obtained using = 27386.13/13041.01*1.06
an elastic analysis with an effective modulus of elasticity aioc(perm) = 2.23 mm

Short term deflection due to permanent load using Ec, ai(perm) = 1.06 mm
Creep deflection due to perm. loads , acc ( perm) = aioc(perm) -ai(perm) = 2.23-1.06
= 1.17 mm

Total deflection d = dsc +acs +acc = 2.4+0.62208+1.17

= 4.192 mm

Allowable deflection = Minimum of L / 350 ,20 = 8.23 mm

Allowable deflection > Net longterm deflection

HENCE SAFE
47*7.3/100

/228128468.32

0000/228128468.32

00006*2.88^2*10^6

3041.01*1.06