03 Handout 6-1

SH1904
Codes and Self-regulation
Plagiarism is the act of taking another person’s writing, conversation, song, or even idea
and passing it off as your own (University of Southern Mississippi Libraries, n.d.). Including a
source within the text you paraphrased, summarized, or copied verbatim from a book or website
is a must to avoid plagiarism. Citing the sources in the bibliography or references section is not
enough.
Using other people’s knowledge is inevitable most especially when doing research. We need
to accept the fact that all knowledge is built upon previous knowledge (Khan, 2015). There are
three (3) style guidelines or citation available that will show you how to cite sources properly.
A. Modern Language Association (MLA)

It is a guide used to write papers and for citing sources in humanities, literature, and liberal arts.
• In-text or parenthetical citation:
Tobias-Domagsang mentioned that critical reading is important in the sense that, through
the volumes of reading materials available in the market, a reader is not supposed to
believe everything and anything that he reads (82).
• Bibliography:
Tobias-Domagsang, Ann Gelene. Exploring Literature and Grammar: Reading and
Writing Skills. Quezon City: Brilliant Creations, 2016.
B. American Psychological Association (APA)

It is a style that is commonly used to cite various sources from natural and social sciences.
• In-text or parenthetical citation:
While it is not a crime in this country, plagiarism is an unethical act that is regarded as an
almost unforgivable sin in the world of the academe (Khan, 2015, p. 85).
• References:
Khan, R. (2015). Media and information literacy handbook. Mandaluyong City: Anvil
Publishing, Inc.
C. Turubian
This format is popularized by Kate Turubian. This style presents bibliographic information in
footnotes or endnotes and, usually, a bibliography.
• Footnotes:
1
Malcolm Gladwell, The Tipping Point: How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference
(Boston: Little, Brown, 2000), 64–65.
• References:
Gladwell, Malcolm. The Tipping Point: How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference.
Boston: Little, Brown, 2000.
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SH1904
Copyright Law is designed to protect intellectual property. Applications for copyright can be filed
with the National Library. Intellectual works that may be copyrighted include the following:
1. Books, including composite of cyclopedic works, manuscripts, directories, gazetteers, and
other compilations;
2. Periodicals, including pamphlets;
3. Lectures, sermons, dissertations, and other materials prepared for oral delivery;
4. Dramatic or musical compositions;
5. Maps, plans, sketches, charts, drawing, designs;
6. Works of art, models or designs of work of art; and
7. Reproductions of a work of art; and photographs, engravings, lithographs, cinematographic
pictures.
Digital Divide is defined as “the discrepancy between people who have access to and the
resources to use new information and communication tools, such as the Internet, and people who
do not have the resources and access to the technology” (Beal, n.d.).
Khan (2015) mentioned in one of her books existing different digital divides.
Multiple Digital Divides

Between Nations Between Individuals
Development Stage Socioeconomic Status
Infrastructure Gender
Public Policy Age
Language
Rural-urban location
Digital Divide in the Philippines

Philippines hosted the annual Rights Con Southeast Asia 2015 Conference. This was the
first time that the said conference was held in Southeast Asia. This means that the Philippines is
gradually making a name in the online world. However, this conference also created realizations
how much the country is behind in terms of Internet progress.
References:
(n.d.). Retrieved from University of Southern Mississippi Libraries:
http://www.lib.usm.edu/legacy/plag/whatisplag.php
Beal, V. (n.d.). Retrieved from Webopedia: http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/D/digital_divide.html
Hertz, M. B. (2011, October 24). Retrieved from Edutopia: http://www.edutopia.org/blog/digital-divide-
technology-internet-access-mary-beth-hertz
Khan, R. (2015). Media and Information Literacy Handbook. Mandaluyong City: Anvil Publishing Inc.
Rights and freedom: Bridging the digital divide. (2015, March 30). Retrieved from Business Mirror:
http://www.businessmirror.com.ph/rights-and-freedom-bridging-the-digital-divide/
Tobias-Domagsang, A. G. (2016). Exploring Literature and Grammar: reading and Writing Skills. Quezon
City: Brilliant Creations.
Villavicencio, P. (2012, March 29). Retrieved from Interaksyon: http://www.interaksyon.com/infotech/digital-
divide-persists-after-18-years-of-philippine-internet
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SH1904

Codes and Self-regulation

A. Modern Language Association (MLA)

B. American Psychological Association (APA)

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Multiple Digital Divides

Digital Divide in the Philippines

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