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    Chap 10Lesson10Emsys3ERTOSIntroduction

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    Salar Ahmed
    An RTOS is an operating system for systems with hard or soft real-time constraints. It provides services like process management, resource management, and device management. An RTOS ensures predictable timing behavior and low latency for tasks, interrupts, and interrupt service routines through features like priority-based preemptive multitasking, fixed memory allocation, and synchronous communication between processes.

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    Chap 10Lesson10Emsys3ERTOSIntroduction

    Uploaded by

    Salar Ahmed
    21 views23 pages
    An RTOS is an operating system for systems with hard or soft real-time constraints. It provides services like process management, resource management, and device management. An RTOS ensures predictable timing behavior and low latency for tasks, interrupts, and interrupt service routines through features like priority-based preemptive multitasking, fixed memory allocation, and synchronous communication between processes.

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    An RTOS is an operating system for systems with hard or soft real-time constraints. It provides services like process management, resource management, and device management. An RTOS ensures predictable timing behavior and low latency for tasks, interrupts, and interrupt service routines through features like priority-based preemptive multitasking, fixed memory allocation, and synchronous communication between processes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    21 views23 pages

    Chap 10Lesson10Emsys3ERTOSIntroduction

    Uploaded by

    Salar Ahmed
    An RTOS is an operating system for systems with hard or soft real-time constraints. It provides services like process management, resource management, and device management. An RTOS ensures predictable timing behavior and low latency for tasks, interrupts, and interrupt service routines through features like priority-based preemptive multitasking, fixed memory allocation, and synchronous communication between processes.

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    of 23

    REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEMS

    Lesson-10:
    Real Time Operating System

    Chapter-10 L10: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" ,


    2015 1
    Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education
    1. Real Time Operating System

    Chapter-10 L10: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" ,


    2015 2
    Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education
    Real time operating system (RTOS)

     Required when the system requires several


    jobs to be done at the same time and in real
    time space
     Used when a complex application consists
    of multiple tasks and tasks are programmed
    to ececute in real time

    Chapter-10 L10: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" ,


    2015 3
    Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education
    Definitions of Real time and ROTS
     Real time is time which is continuously
    incrementing from the system’s start and
    the different actions takes place in a system
    at different instances of this time
     A real time operating system (RTOS) is an
    operating system (OS) that has system-
    software required to synchronise and
    schedule the tasks in a multitasking system
    environment in real time and takes care of
    the real-time constraints in the system
    Chapter-10 L10: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" ,
    2015 4
    Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education
    RTOS Definition

     A real time operating system (RTOS) is


    multitasking operation system for the
    applications with hard or soft real time
    constraints.
     RTOS is an OS for system having the
    constraint on latencies permitted for
    interrupt service threads, ISRs and tasks

    Chapter-10 L10: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" ,


    2015 5
    Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education
    Hard and soft real time operability

     Hard real-time and soft real-time operations

    Chapter-10 L10: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" ,


    2015 6
    Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education
    1. Real Time Operating System
    Services

    Chapter-10 L10: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" ,


    2015 7
    Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education
    Basic OS Functions

     Process Management,
     Resources Management,
     Device Management,
     I/O Devices subsystems
     Network Devices and subsystems
    management

    Chapter-10 L10: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" ,


    2015 8
    Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education
    Process Priorities Allocation

     User level priorities allocation, called static


    priority allocation or real-time priority
    allocation
     Real time priorities higher than the
    dynamically allocated priorities to the OS
    functions.

    Chapter-10 L10: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" ,


    2015 9
    Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education
    Process Predictability

     A predictable timing behavior of the system


     A predictable task-synchronization
     Minimum jitter (difference between best
    case latency and worst case latency)

    Chapter-10 L10: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" ,


    2015 10
    Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education
    Process Management by Preemption

     RTOS kernel preempts a lower priority


    process when a message or event for that
    was waiting is obtained for the higher
    priority process.

    Chapter-10 L10: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" ,


    2015 11
    Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education
    Memory Management and Protection

     RTOS threads can run in kernel space.


     The real time performance becomes high

    Chapter-10 L10: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" ,


    2015 12
    Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education
    Memory Management: Disabling MMU

     Either disabling use of MMU and virtual


    memory or using memory locks.
     Memory locking stops page swapping
    between physical memory and disk disabled
     RTOS task latencies predictable

    Chapter-10 L10: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" ,


    2015 13
    Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education
    Memory Allocation

     In RTOS, the memory allocation is fast and


    there are , fixed length memory block
    allocationt and system takes predictable
    time for allocation

    Chapter-10 L10: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" ,


    2015 14
    Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education
    Scheduling and Interrupt-latency control
    functions
     Real time Task-Scheduling and Interrupt-
    latency control and uses of the timers and
    system clocks

    Chapter-10 L10: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" ,


    2015 15
    Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education
    Timer Functions and Time Management

     Provides for timer functions


     Time allocation and de-allocation to tasks

    Chapter-10 L10: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" ,


    2015 16
    Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education
    Asynchronous IO Functions

     Permits asynchronous IOs, which means


    IOs without blocking a task

    Chapter-10 L10: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" ,


    2015 17
    Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education
    IPC Synchronization

     Synchronization of tasks with IPCs


    (Semaphores, mailboxes, message queues,
    pipes, sockets and RPCs)

    Chapter-10 L10: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" ,


    2015 18
    Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education
    Time Slicing

     Time-slicing of the processes execution of


    those processes which have equal priority

    Chapter-10 L10: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" ,


    2015 19
    Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education
    Summary

    Chapter-10 L10: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" ,


    2015 20
    Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education
    Real time
     Means the time, which is continuously
    incrementing from the system’s start and
    different actions takes place in the system at
    different instances of this time
     A real time operating system (RTOS) is an
    operating system (OS) that has system-
    software required to synchronise and
    schedule the tasks in a multitasking system
    in real time and takes care of the real-time
    constraints in the system
    Chapter-10 L10: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" ,
    2015 21
    Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education
    We learnt
    • An RTOS is an OS for the systems having
    the hard or soft real timing constraints and
    predictable latencies of the tasks, ISTs and
    ISRs
    • Higher Priority allocation to real time tasks

    Chapter-10 L10: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" ,


    2015 22
    Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education
    End of Lesson 10 of Chapter 10
    on
    RTOS Introduction

    Chapter-10 L10: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design" ,


    2015 23
    Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education

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