Grade-11 W1-Earth and Life Science-Module

MARY JOSETTE ACADEMY, INC.
Tigbe, Norzagaray, Bulacan

[email protected]
NAME:
GRADE AND STRAND:
GRADE: 11
SEMESTER: FIRST SEMESTER
SUBJECT TITLE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
NO. OF HOURS/SEM: 80 hours/semester
EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
Prepared by:
LESLIE S. MERMELO
NOTE: Only the Activities, and Quiz in each learning Kit shall be returned/ submitted during
the drop-off of the answered modules.
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Quarter 1 –Module 1 Origin and Structure of the Earth
Learning Competencies
 state the different hypotheses explaining the origin of the universe and solar system,
 describe the characteristics of Earth that are necessary to support life,
 explain the current advancement s and information on the solar system; and
 identify the four subsystems of the Earth and the layers of the Earth
1.1 Origin of the Universe
Scientific evidence points to an origin sometime between 10

and 20 billion years ago. The Big Bang theory is universally
accepted by those who do research on the development of
the universe, galaxies, and stars as the cause of the origin of
the universe. The Big Bang theory says that the universe
has developed by expanding from a hot dense state with
everything exploding away from everything else. What
caused this explosion is not part of the Big Bang theory. It
must be regarded as unknown at this time, although there are many ideas about the cause.
1.2 Origin of the Solar System
The solar system is composed is composed of the:
 Sun
 Eight planets and their natural  Dwarf planets
satellites  Asteroids and comets
Encounter Hypothesis:
One of the earliest theories for the formation of the

planets was called the encounter hypothesis. In this
scenario, a rogue star passes close to the Sun about 5
billion years ago. Material, in the form of hot gas, is
tidally stripped from the Sun and the rogue star. This
material fragments into smaller lumps which form the
planets. This hypothesis has the advantage of explaining
why the planets all revolve in the same direction (from
the encounter geometry) and also provides an explanation
for why the inner worlds are denser than the outer worlds.
However, there are two major problems for a theory of

this type. One is that hot gas expands, not contracts. So
lumps of hot gas would not form planets. The second is that encounters between stars
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are extremely rare, so rare as to be improbable in the lifetime of the Universe (15
billion years).
Nebular Hypothesis:
A second theory is called the nebular

hypothesis. In this theory, the whole
Solar System starts as a large cloud of
gas that contracts under self-gravity.
Conservation of angular
momentum requires that a rotating
disk form with a large concentration at
the center (the proto-Sun). Within the
disk, planets form.
The flaw in this theory is the

mechanism from which the disk turns
into individual planets.
2.0 Characteristics of Earth
There are many factors which make Earth suitable for life are discussed below:
1. Distance of the Earth from the Sun

The Earth and the Sun are equally important because without the Sun's heat and light, the
Earth would be a lifeless ball of ice-coated rocks. It regulates the temperature of water
bodies, weather patterns and provides energy to the growth of plants.
2. Importance of light on the Earth

Earth is the only planet that uses the Sun’s light as useful as a source of energy. That energy
is used to convert elements, by living things, into a useable form.
3. Importance of Earth’s Atmosphere
4. Favourable Climatic Condition

The Earth has a suitable climate for the existence of all forms of life because of moderate
amount of carbon dioxide, which is the driving factor for the survival of life forms.
5. Water
3.0 The Current Advancements and Information on the Solar System
The Perseverance rover took its first image of the dusty Martian
surface mere moments after touching down on February 18, 2021.
NASA TV
It’s wheels down for the newest robot to inhabit Mars. Just before 4
p.m. eastern time, the hulking, multibillion-dollar NASA
rover Perseverance landed safely on the red planet after a 300-million-
mile journey and a nerve-racking plunge to the Martian surface.
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Meet ‘Pi’ — a new Earth-sized planet
Researchers have discovered a new Earth-sized planet. It’s orbiting a dim red star some 185
light-years away. The planet’s official name is K2-315b. But its nickname is “Pi Earth.” The
reason: It orbits its star every 3.14 days.
A worldwide team of scientists also released the first photo

ever taken of a black hole
The unprecedented photo, published in April, shows the

supermassive black hole at the center of the Messier 87 galaxy,
which is about 54 million light-years away from Earth. The black
hole's mass is equivalent to 6.5 billion suns.
Scientists struggled for decades to capture a black hole on camera,

since black holes distort space-time, ensuring that nothing can break
free of their gravitational pull — even light. That's why the image shows a shadow in the form of
a perfect circle at the center.
4.0 Earth 4 Subsystem and the Layers of the Earth
4 subsystem
Lithosphere,biosphere, hydrosphere, and
atmosphere.
Lithosphere: The rigid outer part of Earth,

consists of the surface, the crust and the upper
mantle.
Biosphere: The regions that contain life
Hydrosphere: Region that contains water, can be
in the form of solid(Antarctica), liquid(oceans),
and gas(the atmosphere).
Atmosphere: Sphere that contains all the air of
Earth, extends from below sea level to 10,000
km, the atmosphere is further divided into several
other sub-spheres.
Layers of the Earth

Crust – is describes the outermost shell of a
terrestrial planet.
Mantle - is the mostly-solid bulk of Earth's interior.

The mantle lies between Earth's dense, super-heated
core and its thin outer layer, the crust.
Outer core - is a fluid layer about 2,400 km (1,500

mi) thick and composed of mostly iron and nickel that
lies above Earth's solid inner core and below its
mantle.
Inner core - is the innermost geologic layer of

the planet Earth. It is primarily a solid ball with a
radius of about 1,220 km.
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NAME:
GRADE AND STRAND:
SUBJECT TITLE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
Activity 1.1
10 points
Watch the video from the link below and make a reflection about the celestial bodies on the
universe.
https://youtu.be/i93Z7zljQ7I
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Activity 1.2
List down 3 new discoveries and information on the solar system aside from what we discussed
form 2019-2021.
1.
2.
3.
Activity 1.3
Describe the uniqueness of the Earth (brief description) 5pts.
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MARY JOSETTE ACADEMY, INC.

Tigbe, Norzagaray, Bulacan

GRADE AND STRAND:

EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE

1.1 Origin of the Universe

Scientific evidence points to an origin sometime between 10

1.2 Origin of the Solar System

The solar system is composed is composed of the:

One of the earliest theories for the formation of the

However, there are two major problems for a theory of

A second theory is called the nebular

The flaw in this theory is the

2.0 Characteristics of Earth

1. Distance of the Earth from the Sun

2. Importance of light on the Earth

3. Importance of Earth’s Atmosphere

4. Favourable Climatic Condition

3.0 The Current Advancements and Information on the Solar System

A worldwide team of scientists also released the first photo

The unprecedented photo, published in April, shows the

Scientists struggled for decades to capture a black hole on camera,

4.0 Earth 4 Subsystem and the Layers of the Earth

Lithosphere: The rigid outer part of Earth,

Layers of the Earth

Mantle - is the mostly-solid bulk of Earth's interior.

Outer core - is a fluid layer about 2,400 km (1,500

Inner core - is the innermost geologic layer of

GRADE AND STRAND:

SUBJECT TITLE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE

Describe the uniqueness of the Earth (brief description) 5pts.

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