Motion Graphs

PMT
14 The graph shows how displacement varies with time for an object which starts from rest
with constant acceleration.
40
35
30
Distance / m
25
20
15
10
0
0
5
6
Time / s
(a) Use the distance-time graph to determine the speed of the object at a time of 4.0 s.
(3)
....................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
....................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
....................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Speed =
....................................................
(b) Calculate the acceleration.

(2)
....................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
....................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Acceleration =
. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(Total for Question 14 = 5 marks)
10
*N34505A01024*
Equations of Motion and Motion Graph Questions

1.
The diagram is a velocity-time graph for an electron.

v
B
Describe carefully the motion represented by lines AB and BC.

AB: .......................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
BC: .......................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
(2)
The graph is a much simplified model of how an electron moves along a wire carrying a current.
Explain what causes the motion represented by AB and BC.
AB: .......................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
BC: .......................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
(2)
Explain the term drift velocity and indicate its value on the graph above.
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
(2)
With reference to the behaviour of the electron, explain why the wire gets warm.
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 7 marks)
2.
The diagram shows a velocity-time graph for a ball bouncing vertically on a hard surface. The
ball was dropped at t = 0 s.
+5.0
v/m s 1
0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
t/s
5.0
At what time does the graph show the ball in contact with the ground for the third time?
...............................................................................................................................................
(1)
The downward sloping lines on the graph are straight and parallel with each other. Why?
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(2)
Show that the height from which the ball was dropped is about 1.2 m.
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(2)
Sketch a displacement-time curve on the axes below for the first second of the motion.
Displacement /m
0.5
1.0
t/s
(3)
What is the displacement of the ball when it finally comes to rest?

...............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 9 marks)
3.
A ball is dropped from a high window onto a concrete floor. The velocitytime graph for part of
its motion is shown.
v/m s1
A
30
20
10
0
0
t/s
10
20
30
Calculate the gradient from the origin to A.

...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
Gradient = .................................................
Comment on the significance of your answer.
...............................................................................................................................................
(3)
What happened to the ball at point A?

...............................................................................................................................................
(1)
Calculate the height of the window above the ground.

...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
Height = ....................................................
(3)
(Total 7 marks)
4.
The graph shows the variation of velocity with time for a body moving in a straight line.
v/m s 1
24
20
16
12
8
4
0
0
10
12
14
16
18
20
t/s
Calculate
(i)
the total distance travelled,

...................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................
Distance = ...............................................
(ii)
the average speed over the 20 seconds.

.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
Average speed = ......................................
(Total 4 marks)
5.
An athlete runs a 100 m race. The idealised graph below shows how the athletes velocity v
changes with time t for a 100 m sprint.
u/ m s1
umax
0
0
10
12
t/s
By considering the area under the graph, calculate the maximum velocity vmax of the athlete.
..
..
..
..
Maximum velocity = ........................................
(3)
Using the axes below, sketch a graph showing how the acceleration of this athlete changes with
time during this race. Mark any significant values on the axes.
Acceleration
Time
(4)
(Total 7 marks)

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PMT

(b) Calculate the acceleration.

(Total for Question 14 = 5 marks)

Equations of Motion and Motion Graph Questions

The diagram is a velocity-time graph for an electron.

Describe carefully the motion represented by lines AB and BC.

What is the displacement of the ball when it finally comes to rest?

Calculate the gradient from the origin to A.

What happened to the ball at point A?

Calculate the height of the window above the ground.

the total distance travelled,

the average speed over the 20 seconds.

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