Ugiriki : Tofauti kati ya masahihisho
Xqbot (majadiliano | michango) d r2.7.2) (roboti Badiliko: nap:Grecia |
Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.2 |
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(marekebisho 46 ya kati na watumizi wengine 26 na yule ambaye hajaonyeshwa) | |||
Mstari 1: | Mstari 1: | ||
{{Infobox Country |
{{Infobox Country |
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|native_name = <span style="line-height:1.33em;"> Ελληνική Δημοκρατία<br />''Ellinikí Dimokratía''</span> |
|native_name = <span style="line-height:1.33em;"> Ελληνική Δημοκρατία<br />''Ellinikí Dimokratía''</span> |
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|conventional_long_name = <span style="line-height:1.33em;"> |
|conventional_long_name = <span style="line-height:1.33em;">Demokrasia ya Ugiriki</span> |
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|common_name = |
|common_name = Greece |
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|image_flag = Flag of Greece.svg |
|image_flag = Flag of Greece.svg |
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|image_coat = Coat_of_arms_of_Greece.svg |
|image_coat = Coat_of_arms_of_Greece.svg |
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|symbol_type = Nembo |
|symbol_type = Nembo |
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|image_map = Europe location GRE.png |
|image_map = Europe location GRE.png |
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|national_motto = Ελευθερία ή Θάνατος <br />(Eleftheria i thanatos - "Uhuru au mauti") |
|national_motto = Ελευθερία ή Θάνατος <br />(Eleftheria i thanatos - "Uhuru au mauti") |
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|national_anthem = Ύμνος εις την Ελευθερίαν - "Wimbo la Uhuru" |
|national_anthem = Ύμνος εις την Ελευθερίαν - "Wimbo la Uhuru" |
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|official_languages = [[Kigiriki]] |
|official_languages = [[Kigiriki]] |
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Mstari 14: | Mstari 14: | ||
|largest_city = [[Athens]] |
|largest_city = [[Athens]] |
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|government_type = [[Jamhuri]] |
|government_type = [[Jamhuri]] |
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|leader_titles = [[Rais wa Ugiriki|Rais]]<br />[[Waziri Mkuu wa Ugiriki|Waziri Mkuu]] |
|leader_titles = [[Rais wa Ugiriki|Rais]]<br />[[Waziri Mkuu wa Ugiriki|Waziri Mkuu]] |
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|leader_names = [[ |
|leader_names = [[Katerina Sakellaropoulou]] (Κατερίνα Σακελλαροπούλου)<br /> [[Kyriakos Mitsotakis]] (Κυριάκος Μητσοτάκης) |
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|accessionEUdate = [[ |
|accessionEUdate = [[1 Januari]] [[1981]] |
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|area_rank = ya |
|area_rank = ya 95 |
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|area_magnitude = 1 E11 |
|area_magnitude = 1 E11 |
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|area = 131, |
|area = 131,957 |
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|areami² = 50,944 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> |
|areami² = 50,944 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> |
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|percent_water = |
|percent_water = 1.51 |
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|population_estimate = |
|population_estimate = 10,678,632 |
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|population_estimate_rank = ya |
|population_estimate_rank = ya 85 |
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|population_estimate_year = |
|population_estimate_year = 2021 |
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|population_census = 10, |
|population_census = 10,816,286 |
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|population_census_year = |
|population_census_year = 2012 |
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|population_density = |
|population_density = 77 |
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|population_densitymi² = |
|population_densitymi² = 212 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> |
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|population_density_rank = ya |
|population_density_rank = ya 120 |
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|GDP_PPP = $261.018 billioni <!--IMF--> |
|GDP_PPP = $261.018 billioni <!--IMF--> |
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|GDP_PPP_rank = ya 37 |
|GDP_PPP_rank = ya 37 |
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|GDP_PPP_year = 2006 |
|GDP_PPP_year = 2006 |
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|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $23,518 |
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $23,518 |
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|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = ya 30 |
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = ya 30 |
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|sovereignty_type = [[Uhuru]] |
|sovereignty_type = [[Uhuru]] |
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Mstari 45: | Mstari 45: | ||
|currency = [[Euro]] ([[Euro sign|€]])<sup>2</sup> |
|currency = [[Euro]] ([[Euro sign|€]])<sup>2</sup> |
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|currency_code = EUR |
|currency_code = EUR |
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|country_code = |
|country_code = |
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|time_zone = [[Eastern European Time|EET]] |
|time_zone = [[Eastern European Time|EET]] |
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|utc_offset = +2 |
|utc_offset = +2 |
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Mstari 52: | Mstari 52: | ||
|cctld = [[.gr]] <sup>3</sup> |
|cctld = [[.gr]] <sup>3</sup> |
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|calling_code = 30 |
|calling_code = 30 |
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|footnotes = <sup>1<sup> Wananchi walikataza kurudi kwa ufalme tar. 8 Desemba 1974.<br /><sup>2</sup> Prior to 2001: [[Drachma|Greek Drachma]].<br /> |
|footnotes = <sup>1<sup> Wananchi walikataza kurudi kwa ufalme tar. 8 Desemba 1974.<br /><sup>2</sup> Prior to 2001: [[Drachma|Greek Drachma]].<br /> |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Ugiriki''' (pia: Uyunani; |
'''Ugiriki''' (pia: '''Uyunani'''; kwa [[Kigiriki]] cha kisasa: Ελλάδα, Ellada, au Ελλάς, Ellas) ni nchi ya [[Ulaya]] [[Kusini]]-[[Mashariki]] iliyopo kusini mwa [[rasi]] ya [[Balkani]]. |
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Imepakana na [[Albania]], [[Masedonia Kaskazini]], [[Bulgaria]] na [[Uturuki]]. Upande wa kusini-magharibi na kusini-mashariki kuna [[pwani]] ndefu kwenye [[Bahari ya Mediteranea]]. |
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Ugiriki ni nchi yenye historia ndefu na maarufu sana inaitwa "nchi mama ya Ulaya". |
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==Jiografia== |
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Lugha ya [[Kigiriki]] inaendelea kuandikwa kwa [[Alfabeti ya Kigiriki]] inaotumiwa tangu miaka 3000 lakini lugha yenyewe imebadilika. Wagiriki wa leo hawaelewi tena [[Kigiriki cha Kale]] moja kwa moja. |
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Kijiografia huwa na sehemu za Ugiriki bara, [[rasi ya Peloponesi]] upande wa kusini inayounganishwa kwa [[shingo ya nchi]] nyembamba, halafu [[Kisiwa|visiwa]] vingi upande wa [[Bahari ya Aegean]], [[Bahari ya Adria]] na kwenye [[Bahari ya Mediteranea|Mediteranea]] yenyewe. Visiwa vikubwa zaidi ni [[Kreta]], [[Euboea]], [[Lesbo]] na [[Rhodos]]. |
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==Historia== |
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Ugiriki ni nchi mwanachama wa [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] tangu [[1981]]. |
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[[File:The Parthenon in Athens.jpg|thumb|left|[[Parthenon]], katika [[Akropoli]] ya [[Athens]], ni kielelezo cha [[Ugiriki ya Kale|Ugiriki wa Kale]].]] |
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Ugiriki ni nchi yenye [[historia]] ndefu na maarufu sana, hata inaitwa "nchi mama ya Ulaya" na [[kitovu]] cha [[Ustaarabu wa magharibi]], kwa sababu ndipo vilipoanza [[demokrasia]], [[falsafa]] ya magharibi, [[fasihi]] ya magharibi, [[historiografia]], [[sayansi ya siasa]], tafiti za [[sayansi]] na [[hisabati]], [[tamthilia]] na [[michezo]] ya [[Michezo ya Olimpiki|Olimpiki]]. |
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Ugiriki ni nchi mwanachama wa [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] tangu [[1981]]. |
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== Viungo vya nje == |
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* {{en}} {{fr}} ([[Kigiriki]]) [http://www.presidency.gr/ Rais wa Ugiriki] |
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==Watu== |
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{{mbegu-jio-Ulaya}} |
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[[Lugha]] ya [[Kigiriki]] inaendelea kuandikwa kwa [[Alfabeti ya Kigiriki]] inayotumiwa tangu miaka 3000 iliyopita, lakini lugha yenyewe imebadilika. Wagiriki wa leo hawaelewi tena [[Kigiriki cha Kale]] moja kwa moja. |
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{{Ulaya}} |
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Wakazi wengi wanafuata [[dini]] ya [[Ukristo]] (93%), hasa katika [[Kanisa la Kiorthodoksi la Kigiriki]] (90%), halafu [[Uprotestanti|Waprotestanti]] na [[Kanisa Katoliki|Wakatoliki]]. 2% ni [[Waislamu]]. |
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[[Jamii:Ugiriki|*]] |
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[[Jamii:Nchi za Ulaya]] |
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==Tazama pia== |
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{{Link FA|vi}} |
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* [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] |
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==Marejeo== |
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[[ab:Барзентәыла]] |
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{{refbegin|30em}} |
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[[ace:Yunani]] |
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* "Minorities in Greece – Historical Issues and New Perspectives". ''History and Culture of South Eastern Europe''. An Annual Journal. München (Slavica) 2003. |
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[[af:Griekeland]] |
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*{{cite book | title = The Constitution of Greece | url = http://www.hellenicparliament.gr/UserFiles/f3c70a23-7696-49db-9148-f24dce6a27c8/001-156%20aggliko.pdf |access-date=21 March 2011 |year=2008 | publisher = [[Hellenic Parliament]] |location=Athens|isbn= 978-960-560-073-0| others = Paparrigopoulos, Xenophon; Vassilouni, Stavroula (translators)}} |
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[[als:Griechenland]] |
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*{{Cite book | last = Clogg | first = Richard | title = A Concise History of Greece | pages = 10–37 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | year = 1992 | edition = 1st | isbn = 978-0-521-37228-2 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=H5pyUIY4THYC&q=richard%20clogg%20greece | access-date = 23 March 2016}}, 257 pp. |
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[[am:ግሪክ (አገር)]] |
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*{{Cite book | author-link = Richard Clogg| last = Clogg | first = Richard | title= A Concise History of Greece | url = https://archive.org/details/concisehistoryof00clog_0| edition = 2nd |location= Cambridge | publisher= [[Cambridge University Press]]| orig-year = 1992 | year= 2002 | isbn = 978-0-521-00479-4}}. |
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[[an:Grecia]] |
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*{{cite book | last =Dagtoglou | first = PD | title = Constitutional Law – Individual Rights | volume = I | year = 1991 |publisher=Ant. N. Sakkoulas |location=Athens-Komotini |language=el |chapter=Protection of Individual Rights}} |
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[[ang:Crēcland]] |
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*{{Cite book | first = John Van Antwerp | last = Fine | title = The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century | publisher = University of Michigan Press | year = 1991 | isbn = 978-0-472-08149-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y0NBxG9Id58C | access-date=23 March 2016}}, 376 pp. |
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[[ar:اليونان]] |
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* {{cite book|last=Hatzopoulos|first=Marios|title=The making of Modern Greece: Nationalism, Romanticism, and the Uses of the Past (1797–1896)|chapter=From resurrection to insurrection: 'sacred' myths, motifs, and symbols in the Greek War of Independence|year=2009|publisher=Ashgate|editor1-first=Roderick|editor1-last=Beaton|editor2-first=David|editor2-last=Ricks|pages=81–93|chapter-url=https://www.academia.edu/985519}} |
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[[arc:ܝܘܢ]] |
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*{{Cite book | last = Kalaitzidis | first = Akis | year = 2010 | title = Europe's Greece: A Giant in the Making | publisher = [[Palgrave Macmillan]]}}, 219 pp. The impact of European Union membership on Greek politics, economics, and society. |
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[[arz:اليونان]] |
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*{{cite book|last1=Koliopoulos|first1=John S.|last2=Veremis|first2=Thanos M.|title=Greece: The Modern Sequel. From 1831 to the Present|url=https://archive.org/details/greecemodernsequ0000koli_o4g4|publisher=Hurst & Co.|year=2002|location=London}} |
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[[ast:Grecia]] |
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*{{cite journal|last=Kostopoulos|first=Tasos|title=La guerre civile macédonienne de 1903-1908 et ses représentations dans l'historiographie nationale grecque|journal=Cahiers Balkaniques|volume=38-39|issue=38–39|year=2011|pages=213–226|doi=10.4000/ceb.835|doi-access=free}} |
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[[ay:Grisya]] |
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*{{cite journal|first=Vassilis|last=Kremmydas |script-title=el:Η οικονομική κρίση στον ελλαδικό χώρο στις αρχές του 19ου αιώνα και οι επιπτώσεις της στην Επανάσταση του 1821|trans-title=The economic crisis in Greek lands in the beginning of 19th century and its effects on the Revolution of 1821|language=el|journal=Μνήμων|volume=6|date=1977|pages=16–33|doi=10.12681/mnimon.171|doi-access=free}} |
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[[az:Yunanıstan]] |
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*{{cite journal|first=Vassilis|last=Kremmydas |script-title=el:Προεπαναστατικές πραγματικότητες. Η οικονομική κρίση και η πορεία προς το Εικοσιένα|trans-title=Pre-revolutionary realities. The economic crisis and the course to '21|language=el|journal=Μνήμων|volume=24|date=2002|issue=2 |pages=71–84|doi=10.12681/mnimon.735|doi-access=free}} |
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[[bar:Griachaland]] |
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*{{cite journal|last=Livanios|first=Dimitris|title=Conquering the souls: nationalism and Greek guerrilla warfare in Ottoman Macedonia, 1904‐1908|journal=Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies|volume=23|year=1999|pages=195–221|doi=10.1179/byz.1999.23.1.195|s2cid=162410083}} |
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[[bat-smg:Graikėjė]] |
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*{{cite book |last= Mavrias | first= Kostas G |title= Constitutional Law |year= 2002| publisher= Ant. N. Sakkoulas | location =Athens |language=el |isbn=978-960-15-0663-0}} |
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[[bcl:Gresya]] |
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*{{cite journal|last=Mazower|first=Mark|year=1992|title=The Messiah and the Bourgeoisie: Venizelos and Politics in Greece, 1909- 1912|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_historical-journal_1992-12_35_4/page/885|journal=The Historical Journal|volume=35|issue=4|pages=885–904|doi=10.1017/S0018246X00026200}} |
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[[be:Грэцыя]] |
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*{{cite journal | last =Pappas | first = Takis |date=April 2003 | title= The Transformation of the Greek Party System Since 1951 | url =https://archive.org/details/sim_west-european-politics_2003-04_26_2/page/90 |journal=[[West European Politics (WEP)|West European Politics]]| volume= 26 | issue = 2 | pages = 90–114| doi = 10.1080/01402380512331341121| s2cid = 153514846 }} |
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[[be-x-old:Грэцыя]] |
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*{{Cite news | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/14/business/global/14debt.html | title = Wall St. Helped to Mask Debt Fueling Europe's Crisis | newspaper= The New York Times | first1 = Louise | last1 = Story | first2=Landon Jr |last2=Thomas |first3=Nelson D |last3=Schwartz |date= 14 February 2010 |access-date=26 March 2013}}. |
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[[bg:Гърция]] |
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*{{Cite book | last = Trudgill | first = P | contribution = Greece and European Turkey: From Religious to Linguistic Identity | editor1-first = S | editor1-last = Barbour | editor2-first = C | editor2-last = Carmichael | year = 2000 | title = Language and Nationalism in Europe | place = [[Oxford]] | publisher = [[Oxford University Press]]}}. |
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[[bi:Greece]] |
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*{{cite book | author-link = Evangelos Venizelos| last = Venizelos | first = Evangelos | title = The "Acquis" of the Constitutional Revision | year= 2002 | publisher= Ant. N. Sakkoulas |location= Athens | language =el | isbn = 978-960-15-0617-3 |chapter=The Contribution of the Revision of 2001}} |
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[[bn:গ্রিস]] |
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*{{Citation |script-title=el:Ἑλλάς - Ἑλληνισμὸς |url=http://anemi.lib.uoc.gr/php/pdf_pager.php?filename=%2Fvar%2Fwww%2Fanemi-portal%2Fmetadata%2Fa%2Ff%2Fb%2Fattached-metadata-01-0002588%2F279838_10.pdf&rec=%2Fmetadata%2Fa%2Ff%2Fb%2Fmetadata-01-0002588.tkl&do=279838_10.pdf&width=662&height=963&pagestart=1&maxpage=1104&lang=en&pageno=1&pagenotop=1&pagenobottom=262 |work=Μεγάλη Ἐλληνικὴ Ἐγκυκλοπαιδεῖα |volume=10 |location=Athens |publisher=Pyrsos Co. Ltd. |date=1934 |trans-title=Greece - Hellenism |language=el |ref = {{harvid|Great Greek Encyclopedia}}|title = PDF pager}} |
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[[bo:ཀེ་རི་སི།]] |
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{{refend}} |
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[[bpy:গ্রীস]] |
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[[br:Gres (bro)]] |
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== Viungo vya nje == |
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[[bs:Grčka]] |
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* {{en}} {{fr}} (Kigiriki) [http://www.presidency.gr/ Rais wa Ugiriki] {{Wayback|url=http://www.presidency.gr/ |date=20120917080929 }} |
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[[ca:Grècia]] |
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{{Umoja wa Ulaya}} |
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[[ce:Гlайрхойн]] |
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{{Ulaya}} |
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[[ceb:Gresya]] |
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{{mbegu-jio-Ulaya}} |
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[[ckb:یۆنان]] |
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[[ |
[[Jamii:Ugiriki|*]] |
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[[Jamii:Nchi za Umoja wa Ulaya]] |
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[[crh:Yunanistan]] |
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[[Jamii:Mkataba wa Schengen]] |
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[[cs:Řecko]] |
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[[Jamii:Umoja wa Forodha wa Ulaya]] |
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[[csb:Greckô]] |
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[[ |
[[Jamii:Nchi za Ulaya]] |
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[[Jamii:Balkani]] |
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[[Jamii:Maeneo ya Biblia]] |
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[[da:Grækenland]] |
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[[de:Griechenland]] |
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[[diq:Yunanıstan]] |
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[[dsb:Grichiska]] |
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[[dv:ޔޫނާން]] |
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[[dz:གིརིསི་]] |
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[[ee:Greece]] |
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[[el:Ελλάδα]] |
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[[en:Greece]] |
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[[eo:Grekio]] |
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[[es:Grecia]] |
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[[et:Kreeka]] |
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[[eu:Grezia]] |
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[[ext:Grécia]] |
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[[fa:یونان]] |
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[[fi:Kreikka]] |
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[[fiu-vro:Kreeka]] |
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[[fo:Grikkaland]] |
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[[fr:Grèce]] |
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[[frp:Grèce]] |
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[[frr:Griichenlönj]] |
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[[fur:Grecie]] |
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[[fy:Grikelân]] |
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[[ga:An Ghréig]] |
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[[gag:Grețiya]] |
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[[gan:希臘]] |
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[[gd:A' Ghrèig]] |
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[[gl:Grecia - Ελλάδα]] |
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[[gn:Gyresia]] |
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[[gu:ગ્રીસ]] |
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[[gv:Yn Ghreag]] |
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[[hak:Hî-lia̍p]] |
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[[haw:Helene]] |
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[[he:יוון]] |
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[[hi:यूनान]] |
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[[hif:Greece]] |
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[[hr:Grčka]] |
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[[hsb:Grjekska]] |
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[[ht:Grès]] |
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[[hu:Görögország]] |
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[[hy:Հունաստան]] |
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[[ia:Grecia]] |
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[[id:Yunani]] |
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[[ie:Grecia]] |
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[[ilo:Grecia]] |
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[[io:Grekia]] |
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[[is:Grikkland]] |
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[[it:Grecia]] |
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[[ja:ギリシャ]] |
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[[jbo:xesygu'e]] |
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[[jv:Yunani]] |
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[[ka:საბერძნეთი]] |
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[[kaa:Gretsiya]] |
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[[kbd:Алыдж]] |
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[[kg:Gelesi]] |
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[[kk:Грекия]] |
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[[kl:Grækenland]] |
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[[kn:ಗ್ರೀಸ್]] |
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[[ko:그리스]] |
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[[koi:Эллада]] |
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[[krc:Греция]] |
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[[ku:Yewnanistan]] |
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[[kv:Эллада]] |
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[[kw:Pow Grek]] |
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[[la:Graecia]] |
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[[lb:Griicheland]] |
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[[lg:Buyonaani]] |
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[[li:Griekeland]] |
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[[lij:Greçia]] |
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[[lt:Graikija]] |
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[[ltg:Grekeja]] |
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[[lv:Grieķija]] |
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[[mdf:Грекмастор]] |
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[[mg:Grisy]] |
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[[mhr:Греций]] |
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[[mi:Kirihi]] |
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[[mk:Грција]] |
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[[ml:ഗ്രീസ്]] |
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[[mn:Грек]] |
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[[mr:ग्रीस]] |
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[[ms:Greece]] |
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[[my:ဂရိနိုင်ငံ]] |
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[[mzn:یونان]] |
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[[na:Grit]] |
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[[nah:Grecia]] |
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[[nap:Grecia]] |
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[[nds:Grekenland]] |
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[[nds-nl:Griekenlaand]] |
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[[ne:ग्रीस]] |
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[[nl:Griekenland]] |
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[[nn:Hellas]] |
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[[no:Hellas]] |
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[[nov:Grekia]] |
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[[nrm:Grêce]] |
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[[nv:Gwíík Dineʼé Bikéyah]] |
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[[oc:Grècia]] |
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[[os:Грекъ]] |
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[[pam:Greece]] |
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[[pnb:یونان]] |
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[[pnt:Ελλάδα]] |
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[[pt:Grécia]] |
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[[rn:Grecia]] |
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[[ro:Grecia]] |
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[[roa-rup:Gãrtsia]] |
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Toleo la sasa la 06:02, 14 Novemba 2022
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Kaulimbiu ya taifa: Ελευθερία ή Θάνατος (Eleftheria i thanatos - "Uhuru au mauti") | |||||
Wimbo wa taifa: Ύμνος εις την Ελευθερίαν - "Wimbo la Uhuru" | |||||
![]() | |||||
Mji mkuu | Athens | ||||
Mji mkubwa nchini | Athens | ||||
Lugha rasmi | Kigiriki | ||||
Serikali | Jamhuri Katerina Sakellaropoulou (Κατερίνα Σακελλαροπούλου) Kyriakos Mitsotakis (Κυριάκος Μητσοτάκης) | ||||
Uhuru Ilitangazwa Ilitambuliwa |
25 Machi 1821 1829 | ||||
Eneo - Jumla - Maji (%) |
131,957 km² (ya 95) 1.51 | ||||
Idadi ya watu - 2021 kadirio - 2012 sensa - Msongamano wa watu |
10,678,632 (ya 85) 10,816,286 77/km² (ya 120) | ||||
Fedha | Euro (€)2 (EUR )
| ||||
Saa za eneo - Kiangazi (DST) |
EET (UTC+2) EEST (UTC+3) | ||||
Intaneti TLD | .gr 3 | ||||
Kodi ya simu | +30
- | ||||
1 Wananchi walikataza kurudi kwa ufalme tar. 8 Desemba 1974. 2 Prior to 2001: Greek Drachma. |
Ugiriki (pia: Uyunani; kwa Kigiriki cha kisasa: Ελλάδα, Ellada, au Ελλάς, Ellas) ni nchi ya Ulaya Kusini-Mashariki iliyopo kusini mwa rasi ya Balkani.
Imepakana na Albania, Masedonia Kaskazini, Bulgaria na Uturuki. Upande wa kusini-magharibi na kusini-mashariki kuna pwani ndefu kwenye Bahari ya Mediteranea.
Jiografia[hariri | hariri chanzo]
Kijiografia huwa na sehemu za Ugiriki bara, rasi ya Peloponesi upande wa kusini inayounganishwa kwa shingo ya nchi nyembamba, halafu visiwa vingi upande wa Bahari ya Aegean, Bahari ya Adria na kwenye Mediteranea yenyewe. Visiwa vikubwa zaidi ni Kreta, Euboea, Lesbo na Rhodos.
Historia[hariri | hariri chanzo]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg/220px-The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg)
Ugiriki ni nchi yenye historia ndefu na maarufu sana, hata inaitwa "nchi mama ya Ulaya" na kitovu cha Ustaarabu wa magharibi, kwa sababu ndipo vilipoanza demokrasia, falsafa ya magharibi, fasihi ya magharibi, historiografia, sayansi ya siasa, tafiti za sayansi na hisabati, tamthilia na michezo ya Olimpiki.
Ugiriki ni nchi mwanachama wa Umoja wa Ulaya tangu 1981.
Watu[hariri | hariri chanzo]
Lugha ya Kigiriki inaendelea kuandikwa kwa Alfabeti ya Kigiriki inayotumiwa tangu miaka 3000 iliyopita, lakini lugha yenyewe imebadilika. Wagiriki wa leo hawaelewi tena Kigiriki cha Kale moja kwa moja.
Wakazi wengi wanafuata dini ya Ukristo (93%), hasa katika Kanisa la Kiorthodoksi la Kigiriki (90%), halafu Waprotestanti na Wakatoliki. 2% ni Waislamu.
Tazama pia[hariri | hariri chanzo]
Marejeo[hariri | hariri chanzo]
- "Minorities in Greece – Historical Issues and New Perspectives". History and Culture of South Eastern Europe. An Annual Journal. München (Slavica) 2003.
- The Constitution of Greece (PDF). Paparrigopoulos, Xenophon; Vassilouni, Stavroula (translators). Athens: Hellenic Parliament. 2008. ISBN 978-960-560-073-0. Iliwekwa mnamo 21 Machi 2011.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) CS1 maint: others (link) - Clogg, Richard (1992). A Concise History of Greece (toleo la 1st). Cambridge University Press. ku. 10–37. ISBN 978-0-521-37228-2. Iliwekwa mnamo 23 Machi 2016.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link), 257 pp. - Clogg, Richard (2002) [1992]. A Concise History of Greece (toleo la 2nd). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00479-4..
- Dagtoglou, PD (1991). "Protection of Individual Rights". Constitutional Law – Individual Rights (kwa Kigiriki). Juz. I. Athens-Komotini: Ant. N. Sakkoulas.
- Fine, John Van Antwerp (1991). The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-08149-3. Iliwekwa mnamo 23 Machi 2016.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link), 376 pp. - Hatzopoulos, Marios (2009). "From resurrection to insurrection: 'sacred' myths, motifs, and symbols in the Greek War of Independence". Katika Beaton, Roderick; Ricks, David (whr.). The making of Modern Greece: Nationalism, Romanticism, and the Uses of the Past (1797–1896). Ashgate. ku. 81–93.
- Kalaitzidis, Akis (2010). Europe's Greece: A Giant in the Making. Palgrave Macmillan., 219 pp. The impact of European Union membership on Greek politics, economics, and society.
- Koliopoulos, John S.; Veremis, Thanos M. (2002). Greece: The Modern Sequel. From 1831 to the Present. London: Hurst & Co.
- Kostopoulos, Tasos (2011). "La guerre civile macédonienne de 1903-1908 et ses représentations dans l'historiographie nationale grecque". Cahiers Balkaniques. 38–39 (38–39): 213–226. doi:10.4000/ceb.835.
- Kremmydas, Vassilis (1977). Η οικονομική κρίση στον ελλαδικό χώρο στις αρχές του 19ου αιώνα και οι επιπτώσεις της στην Επανάσταση του 1821 [The economic crisis in Greek lands in the beginning of 19th century and its effects on the Revolution of 1821]. Μνήμων (kwa Kigiriki). 6: 16–33. doi:10.12681/mnimon.171.
- Kremmydas, Vassilis (2002). Προεπαναστατικές πραγματικότητες. Η οικονομική κρίση και η πορεία προς το Εικοσιένα [Pre-revolutionary realities. The economic crisis and the course to '21]. Μνήμων (kwa Kigiriki). 24 (2): 71–84. doi:10.12681/mnimon.735.
- Livanios, Dimitris (1999). "Conquering the souls: nationalism and Greek guerrilla warfare in Ottoman Macedonia, 1904‐1908". Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies. 23: 195–221. doi:10.1179/byz.1999.23.1.195. S2CID 162410083.
- Mavrias, Kostas G (2002). Constitutional Law (kwa Kigiriki). Athens: Ant. N. Sakkoulas. ISBN 978-960-15-0663-0.
- Mazower, Mark (1992). "The Messiah and the Bourgeoisie: Venizelos and Politics in Greece, 1909- 1912". The Historical Journal. 35 (4): 885–904. doi:10.1017/S0018246X00026200.
- Pappas, Takis (Aprili 2003). "The Transformation of the Greek Party System Since 1951". West European Politics. 26 (2): 90–114. doi:10.1080/01402380512331341121. S2CID 153514846.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - "Wall St. Helped to Mask Debt Fueling Europe's Crisis", 14 February 2010. .
- Trudgill, P (2000). "Greece and European Turkey: From Religious to Linguistic Identity". Katika Barbour, S; Carmichael, C (whr.). Language and Nationalism in Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press..
- Venizelos, Evangelos (2002). "The Contribution of the Revision of 2001". The "Acquis" of the Constitutional Revision (kwa Kigiriki). Athens: Ant. N. Sakkoulas. ISBN 978-960-15-0617-3.
- "PDF pager" Ἑλλάς - Ἑλληνισμὸς [Greece - Hellenism], Μεγάλη Ἐλληνικὴ Ἐγκυκλοπαιδεῖα (kwa Kigiriki), juz. 10, Athens: Pyrsos Co. Ltd., 1934
Viungo vya nje[hariri | hariri chanzo]
- (Kiingereza) (Kifaransa) (Kigiriki) Rais wa Ugiriki Archived 17 Septemba 2012 at the Wayback Machine.
Nchi za Umoja wa Ulaya | ![]() |
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Austria | Bulgaria | Eire | Estonia | Hispania | Hungaria | Italia | Kroatia | Kupro | Latvia | Lituanya | Luxemburg | Malta | Polandi | Slovakia | Slovenia | Romania | Ubelgiji | Ucheki | Udeni | Ufaransa | Ufini | Ugiriki | Uholanzi | Ujerumani | Ureno | Uswidi |
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Makala hii kuhusu maeneo ya Ulaya bado ni mbegu. Je unajua kitu kuhusu Ugiriki kama historia yake, biashara, taasisi zilizopo, watu au utamaduni? Labda unaona habari katika wikipedia ya Kiingereza au lugha nyingine zinazofaa kutafsiriwa? Basi unaweza kuisaidia Wikipedia kwa kuihariri na kuongeza habari. |