明

Такође погледајте: 日月

明 U+660E, 明 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-660E ← 昍 [U+660D] CJK Unified Ideographs 昏 → [U+660F]

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Han character

明 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 日月 (AB), четири-угла 6702₀, composition ⿰日月)

Derived characters

• 𢜠, 𣷠, 𦁠, 𨧹, 䳟, 𢜏, 焽, 琞, 㿢, 盟, 曌, 奛, 朚, 萌, 奣, 𡦀, 𣇵, 𥯋

References

• KangXi: page 491, карактер 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: карактер 13805
• Dae Jaweon: страна 852, карактер 18
• Hanyu Da Zidian: том 2, страна 1491, карактер 8
• Unihan data за U+660E

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Језици (7)

Kunigami • Miyako • Okinawan • Yaeyama • Yonaguni • Референце • Спољашње везе

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Страна категорија

Кинески

једн. and трад.		明
alternative forms		朙 眀 几 𤰾 𣇱

Glyph origin

Историјски облици карактера 明
Shang	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)		Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Chu Slip and silk script	Ancient script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Знакови у истом фонетском низу (明) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Стари Кинески
莔
明
盟
萌
奣

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 日 (“sun”) + 月 (“moon”) – the sun just rising and the moon not yet set – dawn (天明). Alternatively, it may be interpreted as two bright celestial bodies – bright. This form was already found in the oracle bone script and was prevalent throughout the eras.

Three other forms were found in the oracle bone script:

• 朙 < 囧 (“window”) + 月 – the moon shining through a window – moonlight. This form was also prevalent in the ancient scripts and was considered to be the standard form in Shuowen. See this form's entry for its historical forms.
• 眀 < 目 (“eye”) + 月 – bright eyes. This form was rarely attested, so it is still uncertain whether this form is actually equivalent to 明. It reappeared in the bamboo script of the Qin dynasty, but this was probably a corruption of 朙.
• 𤰾 < 田 + 月 – probably a corruption of the above forms.

Etymology

Of either Proto-Sino-Tibetan origin, compare

• Tibetan མདངས (mdangs, “facial color, appearance, brightness”) (Bodman, 1980), or
• Proto-Sino-Tibetan *brwaŋ (“loud; bright”) (STDET); making it cognate with Burmese ပြင်း (prang:, “acute; violent”), Burmese ပြောင် (praung, “to shine”).

Or from Austroasiatic, cognate with 亮 (“bright”) (Schuessler, 2007). For more see 亮.

盟 (“covenant”) is a derivative (Schuessler, 2007).

“Akira”

Orthographic borrowing од Јапански 明(あきら) (akira).

Definitions

明

1. bright; light; brilliant

   明月  ―  míngyuè  ―  splendid moon

   • 東方未明，顛倒衣裳。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     东方未明，颠倒衣裳。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Dōngfāng wèimíng, diāndǎo yīcháng. [Pinyin]

     Before the east was bright,
     I was putting on my clothes upside down;

2. clear; limpid (transparent; light-conducting; not obscured)

   窗明几淨／窗明几净  ―  chuāngmíngjījìng  ―  a neat place (literally, "the window is clear, the desk is clean")

3. manifest; apparent (easily seen, perceived, or detected)

   明顯／明显  ―  míngxiǎn  ―  obvious

   明瞭／明了  ―  míngliǎo  ―  apparent; simple and clear

   明槍易躲，暗箭難防 [MSC, trad.]
   明枪易躲，暗箭难防 [MSC, simp.]

   míng qiāng yì duǒ, ànjiàn nán fáng [Pinyin]

   It is easy to dodge an open attack, but difficult to defend against a concealed one.

4. vision; sight (the ability to see)

   失明  ―  shīmíng  ―  to be blind; to lose eyesight

   • 明足以察秋毫之末，而不見輿薪。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     明足以察秋毫之末，而不见舆薪。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Míng zúyǐ chá qiūháo zhī mò, ér bùjiàn yúxīn. [Pinyin]

     [M]y eyesight is sharp enough to examine the point of an autumn hair, but I do not see a cart-load of firewood.

5. (of vision) acute; sharp; keen

   耳聰目明／耳聪目明  ―  ěrcōngmùmíng  ―  sharp at hearing and vision

6. (figurative) intellect; knowledge; judgement; discernment; sensibility

   無明／无明  ―  wúmíng  ―  ignorance

7. (figurative) intelligent; sensible; informed; wise

   明智  ―  míngzhì  ―  wise; sensible

   英明  ―  yīngmíng  ―  wise

   • 王之不明，豈足福哉！ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     王之不明，岂足福哉！ [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

     Wáng zhī bùmíng, qǐ zú fú zāi! [Pinyin]

     How can a monarch's lack of judgement be a blessing? (Literally, "That the monarch is not wise, how can this amount to a blessing?")

8. to understand; to know

   講明／讲明  ―  jiǎngmíng  ―  to explain

   明事理  ―  míngshìlǐ  ―  sensible; capable

   你唔明一定要出聲。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   你唔明一定要出声。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   nei⁵ m⁴ ming⁴ jat¹ ding⁶ jiu³ ceot¹ seng¹. [Jyutping]

   If you don't understand you must speak up.

   我真係唔係好明點解（……） [Cantonese, trad.]
   我真系唔系好明点解（……） [Cantonese, simp.]

   ngo⁵ zan¹ hai⁶ m⁴ hai⁶ hou² ming⁴ dim² gaai² (......) [Jyutping]

   I really don't get why (…)

9. evidently

   明知故問／明知故问  ―  míngzhīgùwèn  ―  to ask intentionally a question one already knows the answer to

10. (literary) to make known

    開宗明義／开宗明义  ―  kāizōngmíngyì  ―  to make clear the main idea at the beginning in one's speech or writing

    • 古之欲明明德於天下者，先治其國。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
      古之欲明明德于天下者，先治其国。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

      From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE

      Gǔ zhī yù míng míngdé yú tiānxià zhě, xiān zhì qí guó. [Pinyin]

      The ancients who wished to illustrate illustrious virtue throughout the kingdom, first ordered well their own states.

11. next; following

    明天  ―  míngtiān  ―  tomorrow

    明年  ―  míngnián  ―  next year or the following year

    今冬明春  ―  jīn dōng míng chūn  ―  this winter and next spring

12. (literary) tomorrow

    • 明當渡京水，昨晚猶金谷。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
      明当渡京水，昨晚犹金谷。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

      From: 721, Wang Wei, 宿鄭州

      Míng dāng dù Jīngshuǐ, zuówǎn yóu Jīngǔ. [Pinyin]

      (please add an English translation of this usage example)

13. (～朝) Ming dynasty
14. A презиме​., listed as #111 on the Baijiaxing
15. (～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 明

See also

Dynasties (朝代) in Chinese history
Name	Time period	Divisions
Xia 夏 (～朝, ～代)	2070 – 1600 BCE
Shang 商 (～朝, ～代) 殷 (～朝, ～代)	1600 – 1046 BCE
Zhou 周 (～朝, ～代)	1046 – 256 BCE	Western Zhou 西周
		Eastern Zhou 東周／东周	Spring and Autumn period 春秋
			Warring States period 戰國／战国
Qin 秦 (～朝, ～代)	221 – 206 BCE
Han 漢／汉 (～朝, ～代)	206 BCE – 220 CE	Western Han 西漢／西汉
		Xin 新 (～朝)
		Eastern Han 東漢／东汉
Three Kingdoms 三國／三国	220 – 280 CE	Wei 魏
		Shu 蜀
		Wu 吳／吴
Jin 晉／晋 (～朝, ～代)	265 – 420 CE	Western Jin 西晉／西晋
		Eastern Jin 東晉／东晋
Southern and Northern dynasties 南北朝	420 – 589 CE	Northern dynasties 北朝	Northern Wei 北魏
			Western Wei 西魏
			Eastern Wei 東魏／东魏
			Northern Zhou 北周
			Northern Qi 北齊／北齐
		Southern dynasties 南朝	Liu Song 劉宋／刘宋
			Southern Qi 南齊／南齐
			Liang 梁 (～朝, ～代)
			Chen 陳／陈 (～朝, ～代)
Sui 隋 (～朝, ～代)	581 – 618 CE
Tang 唐 (～朝, ～代)	618 – 907 CE
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms 五代十國／五代十国	907 – 960 CE
Liao 遼／辽 (～朝, ～代)	907 – 1125 CE
Song 宋 (～朝, ～代)	960 – 1279 CE	Northern Song 北宋
		Southern Song 南宋
Western Xia 西夏	1038 – 1227 CE
Jin 金 (～朝, ～代)	1115 – 1234 CE
Western Liao 西遼／西辽	1124 – 1218 CE
Yuan 元 (～朝, ～代)	1271 – 1368 CE
Ming 明 (～朝, ～代)	1368 – 1644 CE
Qing 清 (～朝, ～代)	1636 – 1912 CE

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (明):

• → Јапански: 明(みょう) (myō); 明(めい) (mei); 明(みん) (Min)
• → Корејски: 명(明) (Myeong)
• → Вијетнамски: minh (明)

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01784

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Јапански

Kanji

Readings

• Go-on: みょう (myō, Jōyō)^{←みやう (myau, historical)}
• Kan-on: めい (mei, Jōyō)
• Tō-on: みん (min)
• Kun: あかり (akari, 明かり, Jōyō); あかるい (akarui, 明るい, Jōyō); あかるむ (akarumu, 明るむ, Jōyō); あからむ (akaramu, 明らむ, Jōyō); あきらか (akiraka, 明らか, Jōyō); あける (akeru, 明ける, Jōyō); あく (aku, 明く, Jōyō); あくる (akuru, 明くる, Jōyō); あかす (akasu, 明かす, Jōyō)
• Nanori: あ (a); あか (aka); あかり (akari); あかる (akaru); あき (aki); あきら (akira); あけ (ake); あける (akeru); きよし (kiyoshi); くに (kuni); さとし (satoshi); てる (teru); とおる (tōru); とし (toshi); なお (nao); のり (nori); はじめ (hajime); はる (haru); ひろ (hiro); み (mi); みつ (mitsu); よし (yoshi)

Compounds

Compounds

• 明後日(あさって) (asatte)
• 明日(あした) (ashita)
• 明日(あす) (asu)
• 明(あき)信(のぶ) (Akinobu)
• 明明後日(しあさって) (shiasatte)
• 明太(めんたい) (mentai)
• 克(かつ)明(あき) (Katsuaki)
• 松明(たいまつ) (taimatsu)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
明
めい Степен: 2
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 明.

The 漢音 (kan'on, literally “Han sound”) reading, so likely a later borrowing from Middle Chinese.

Affix

明(めい) (mei) 

1. bright, brightening
2. clarifying, understanding
3. brighten, enlighten
4. open to the world
5. deity, god

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 明(めい)暗(あん) (meian)
• 明(めい)快(かい) (meikai)
• 明(めい)解(かい) (meikai)
• 明(めい)海(かい) (meikai)
• 明(めい)確(かく) (meikaku)
• 明(めい)鏡(きょう) (meikyō)
• 明(めい)君(くん) (meikun)
• 明(めい)言(げん) (meigen)
• 明(めい)察(さつ) (meisatsu)
• 明(めい)示(じ) (meiji)
• 明(めい)治(じ) (Meiji)
• 明(めい)晰(せき) (meiseki)
• 明(めい)白(はく) (meihaku)
• 明(めい)瞭(りょう) (meiryō)
• 解(かい)明(めい) (kaimei)
• 究(きゅう)明(めい) (kyūmei)
• 克(こく)明(めい) (kokumei)
• 松(しょう)明(めい) (shōmei)
• 照(しょう)明(めい) (shōmei)
• 証(しょう)明(めい) (shōmei)
• 晨(しん)明(めい) (shinmei)
• 透(とう)明(めい) (tōmei)
• 薄(はく)明(めい) (hakumei)
• 発(はつ)明(めい) (hatsumei)
• 不(ふ)明(めい) (fumei)
• 文(ぶん)明(めい) (bunmei)

Noun

明(めい) (mei) 

1. brightness
2. insight
3. eyesight, vision

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
明
みょう Степен: 2
goon

/mʲau/ → /mʲɔː/ → /mʲoː/

From Middle Chinese 明.

The 呉音 (goon, literally “Wu sound”) reading, so likely the earlier borrowing from Middle Chinese.

The Buddhist senses are a translation of Санскрт विद्या (vidyā, “knowledge, wisdom”).

Affix

明(みょう) (myō) ^{←みやう (myau)?}

1. bright
2. light, lamp
3. clarifying
4. passing to the next in time
5. graceful, respectful
6. (Buddhism) passing of knowledge, scholarship, or study

Derived terms

Изведени термини

• 明(みょう)鏡(きょう) (myōkyō)
• 明(みょう)後(ご)日(にち) (myōgonichi)
• 明(みょう)星(じょう) (myōjō)
• 明(みょう)朝(ちょう) (myōchō)
• 明(みょう)日(にち) (myōnichi)
• 明(みょう)明(みょう)後(ご)日(にち) (myōmyōgonichi)
• 灯(とう)明(みょう) (tōmyō)

Noun

明(みょう) (myō) ^{←みやう (myau)?}

1. (Buddhism) knowledge or wisdom that dispels the darkness of ignorance and brings to the realization of truth; enlightenment
2. (Buddhism) an esoteric mantra

Adnominal

明(みょう) (myō) ^{←みやう (myau)?}

1. this coming...

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
明
みん Степен: 2
tōon

From Мандарин 明 (míng).

The 唐音 (tōon, literally “Tang sound”), so likely this reading was borrowed from around the Song dynasty.

Proper noun

明(みん) (Min) 

1. the Ming dynasty (1368-1644)

Derived terms

• 明(みん)曲(きょく) (minkyoku)
• 明(みん)朝(ちょう) (Minchō)
• 明(みん)律(りつ) (minritsu)

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
明
さや Степен: 2
irregular

За изговор и дефиниције 明 – see the following entry: さや

(The following entry is uncreated: さや.)

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term
明
あき(ら) Степен: 2
nanori

Nominalization of the stem of adjective 明らか (akiraka, “clear, visible”).

Proper noun

明(あきら) (Akira) 

1. a male дато име

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Корејски

Hanja

明 (eumhun 밝을 명 (balgeul myeong))

1. Hanja form^? of 명 (“bright”).

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Kunigami

Kanji

明

• Kun: はか゚い (明か゚い, hakai)

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Miyako

Kanji

明

• Kun: あかーㇲ゙ (明かーㇲ゙, akaaz)

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Okinawan

Kanji

明

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• On: みー (mī)
• Kun: あかい (akai, 明かい)

Compounds

• 清 (しー)明 (みー) (shīmī)
• 聡 (すー)明 (みー) (sūmī)

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Вијетнамски

Han character

明: Hán Việt readings: minh-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn (眉(mi)兵(binh)切(thiết))
明: Nôm readings: mừng-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn;btcn;taberd, minh-tdcntd;taberd, mầng-tdcntd;taberd, miêng-gdhn;taberd, mênh-gdhn

1. Hán tự form of minh, “bright; clear”
2. Hán tự form of Minh, “given name”
3. Nôm form of mừng.

Compounds

• 分明 (phân minh)
• 明公 (minh công)
• 明白 (minh bạch)
• 清明 (Thanh minh)
• 高明 (cao minh)

 

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Yaeyama

Kanji

明

• Kun: あかりぃ (明かりぃ, akarï)

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Yonaguni

Kanji

明

• Kun: あがい (明がい, agai)

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明 (кинески)

Карактер 明.

Изговор:

пинјин: míng  

Аудио:

(датотека)

Шаблон:zh-cir

Радикал:

日 072₀₄₁

Значења:

1. светао
2. следећи

Примери:

1. 那些商店灯光明亮。 Светла оних радњи светле.
2. 我实在不明白。Ја заиста не разумем.
3. 你明年去美国吗? Идеш ли следеће године у Америку?
4. 谁是你最喜爱的电视明星？ Ко је твоја омиљена ТВ звезда?
5. 这明显太贵了。Ово је очигледно прескупо.

„Исус Навин, глава 18”

—

1. 4 你們每支派當選舉三個人、我要打發他們去、他們就要起身走遍那地、按著各支派應得的地業寫明．〔或作畫圖〕就回到我這裡來。
   1. 4 Nǐmen měi zhīpài dāng xuǎnjǔ sān gèrén, wǒ yào dǎfā tāmen qù, tāmen jiù yào qǐshēn zǒu biàn nà de, ànzhe gè zhīpài yīng dé dì dì yè xiě míng.〔Huò zuò huàtú〕 jiù huí dào wǒ zhèlǐ lái.
      1. 4. Изаберите између себе по три човека из сваког племена, па нека се дигну и прођу земљу, и нека је препишу на наследства своја, па онда нека дођу к мени.
         1. Мих. 2:5
            1. 3 5

Синоними:

亮

Хомофони:

名 - име, познат

Хомографи:

...

ХСК ниво:

1

Асоцијације:

...

Изведене речи:

• 光明 guāngmíng - светао
• 明亮 míngliàng - светао
• 明白 míngbái - разумети, схватити
• 明天 míngtiān - сутра
• 明年 míngnián - следеће године
• 明星 míngxīng - звезда
• 明显 míngxiǎn - очигледно; објашњење, објаснити
• 明信片 míngxìnpiàn - разгледица

Сродни чланци са Википедије:

明

Преводи

Енглески: Француски: Немачки: Италијански: Шпански: Португалски:

Арапски: Руски: Српски: Грчки: Бугарски: Шведски:

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