惡

Такође погледајте: 悪, 恶, 亞, и 噩

惡 U+60E1, 惡 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-60E1 ← 惠 [U+60E0] CJK Unified Ideographs 惢 → [U+60E2]

惡 U+F9B9, 惡 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9B9 ← 隸 [U+F9B8] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 了 → [U+F9BA]

међународно

Традиционални	惡
Shinjitai	悪
Упрошћени	恶

Han character

惡 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 一一心 (MMP), четири-угла 1033₁, composition ⿱亞心)

Descendants

• 𛀅

References

• KangXi: page 391, карактер 25
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: карактер 10824
• Dae Jaweon: страна 724, карактер 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian: том 4, страна 2307, карактер 12
• Unihan data за U+60E1

• Unihan data за U+F9B9

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Кинески

Glyph origin

Историјски облици карактера 惡
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Знакови у истом фонетском низу (亞) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Стари Кинески
椏
錏
鵶
啞
瘂
亞
婭
俹
稏
惡
噁
堊
蝁

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : phonetic 亞／亚 + semantic 心 (“heart”).

Etymology 1

trad.		惡
simp.		恶
alternative forms		僫／𱏀 悪 𢛫 𢝏 䜑 僫／𱏀 悪 𢛫 𢝏 䜑 䛩／𲂉

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔak (“bad”); cognate with Tibetan ཨག་པོ (ag po, “bad”) (Coblin, 1986; Schuessler, 2007). Also related to Тајски ยาก (yâak, “difficult”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Definitions

惡

1. evil; wicked; foul

   Antonym: 善 (shàn)

2. fierce; hostile; ferocious

3. bad; poor
4. (Cantonese, Min Nan) difficult

5. (Taiwanese Hokkien) slow

Usage notes

僫 is more common for the Hokkien word when pronounced oh.

Synonyms

• The dial-syn page 「難」 does not yet exist. Create the data page and the map!

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (惡):

• → Јапански: 悪(あく) (aku)
• → Корејски: 악(惡) (ak)
• → Вијетнамски: ác (惡)

Etymology 2

trad.		惡
simp.		恶
alternative forms		僫／𱏀 悪 𢛫 𢝏 䜑 僫／𱏀 悪 𢛫 𢝏 䜑 䛩／𲂉

Exoactive of etymology 1 (Schuessler, 2007).

Definitions

惡

1. to hate; to loathe; to dislike

Etymology 3

trad.		惡
simp.		恶
alternative forms		僫／𱏀 悪 𢛫 𢝏 䜑 僫／𱏀 悪 𢛫 𢝏 䜑 䛩／𲂉

Cognate with 安 (“where; how”), 焉 (“where; how”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Пинјин): wū (wu¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄨ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wu¹
• Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): u¹

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• Мандарин
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Пинјин: wū
    • Zhuyin: ㄨ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: u
    • Tongyong Pinyin: wu
    • Wade–Giles: wu1
    • Sinological МФА ^(key): /u⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: wu¹
    • Yale: wū
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wu¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: wu¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuː⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: u¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: u
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /u³³/

Definitions

惡

1. ^† An interrogative pronoun: how
2. ^† Interjection used to express surprise: oh; ah

See also

• 烏／乌

Etymology 4

За изговор и дефиниције од 惡 – види 噁. (Овај character, 惡, је једноставни облик од 噁.)

Etymology 5

trad.		惡
simp.		恶
alternative forms		污 屙 涴

Probably related to etymologies 1 and 2 (Zhengzhang, 2011b; Xiang, 2019). Alternatively, 涴 (“to soil; to stain”) has been proposed to be the etymon (Cao, 2008).

Definitions

惡

1. (Wu) excrement

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 屎 (“faeces”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		糞, 屎, 糞便, 大便, 大恭
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	屎, 大外, 㞎㞎 childish
	Taiwan	大便, 屎
	Harbin	屎, 㞎㞎 childish
	Malaysia	屎, 大便
	Singapore	屎, 大便
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	屎, 大糞, 㞎㞎 childish
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	屎
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	屎, 屎㞎㞎 childish
	Wanrong	屎
	Xi'an	屎
	Xining	大便
	Xuzhou	屎, 㞎㞎 childish
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	屎
	Lanzhou	屎
	Ürümqi	屎
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	屎, 屎㞎衣兒, 㞎㞎 childish, 屎㞎㞎 childish
	Wuhan	㞎㞎, 屎, 大糞, 糞, 糟兒 slang, 米田共 argot
	Guiyang	屎, 㞎㞎 childish, 屎㞎兒 childish
	Liuzhou	屎, 癟, 大便
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	屎
	Yangzhou	屎, 㞎㞎 childish
Cantonese	Guangzhou	屎, 茄
	Hong Kong	屎, 茄, 大便, 米田共 slang, 便便 childish, 唔唔 childish, 臭臭 childish, 坺坺 childish
	Macau	屎
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	屎, 茄
	Dongguan	屎
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	屎
	Penang (Guangfu)	屎
	Singapore (Guangfu)	屎
Gan	Nanchang	屎
	Lichuan	屎
	Pingxiang	屎
Hakka	Meixian	屎, 大糞
	Yudu	屎
	Kuching (Hepo)	屎
Huizhou	Jixi	屎, 練 childish
Jin	Taiyuan	屎, 㞎㞎 childish
Northern Min	Jian'ou	屎
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	屎
Southern Min	Xiamen	屎
	Quanzhou	屎
	Zhangzhou	屎
	Tainan	屎, 大便 GT
	Penang (Hokkien)	屎
	Singapore (Hokkien)	屎
	Manila (Hokkien)	屎
	Chaozhou	屎
	Singapore (Teochew)	屎
	Leizhou	屎
	Haikou	屎
	Singapore (Hainanese)	屎
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	屎
Wu	Shanghai	惡, 大解 dated
	Shanghai (Chongming)	惡
	Suzhou	惡
	Danyang	屎
	Hangzhou	惡
	Ningbo	惡
	Wenzhou	惡
	Jinhua	惡
Xiang	Changsha	屎, 㞎㞎 childish
	Loudi	屎, 㞎㞎 childish
Note	GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

References

• Multi-function Chinese Character Database (漢語多功能字庫)
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01382

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Јапански

Shinjitai	悪
Kyūjitai	惡

Kanji

惡

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 悪)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: あく (aku); う (u)
• Kan-on: あく (aku); お (o)
• Kun: わるい (warui, 惡い)

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Корејски

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 惡.

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	ᅙᅡᆨ〮 (Yale: qák)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
	Gloss (hun)	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2]	모〯딜 (Yale: mwǒtìl)	악〮 (Yale: ák)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(кључ): [a̠k̚]
• Phonetic hangul: [악]

Hanja

Wikisource

惡 (eumhun 악할 악 (akhal ak))

1. Hanja form^? of 악 (“evil; wickedness”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 간악 (奸惡, ganak)
• 강악 (強惡, gang'ak)
• 괴악 (怪惡, goeak)
• 극악 (極惡, geugak)
• 선악 (善惡, seonak)
• 악감 (惡感, akgam)
• 악과 (惡果, akgwa)
• 악귀 (惡鬼, akgwi)
• 악기 (惡氣, akgi)
• 악녀 (惡女, angnyeo)
• 악담 (惡談, akdam)
• 악당 (惡黨, akdang)
• 악덕 (惡德, akdeok)
• 악령 (惡靈, angnyeong)
• 악마 (惡魔, angma)
• 악몽 (惡夢, angmong)
• 악법 (惡法, akbeop)
• 악설 (惡舌/惡說, akseol)
• 악성 (惡性, akseong)
• 악성 (惡聲, akseong)
• 악습 (惡習, akseup)
• 악역 (惡役, agyeok)
• 악용 (惡用, agyong)
• 악의 (惡意, agui)
• 악인 (惡人, agin)
• 악질 (惡疾, akjil)
• 악질 (惡質, akjil)
• 악취 (惡臭, akchwi)
• 악투 (惡投, aktu)
• 악폐 (惡弊, akpye)
• 악풍 (惡風, akpung)
• 악화 (惡化, akhwa)
• 열악 (劣惡, yeorak)
• 잔악 (殘惡, janak)
• 조악 (粗惡, joak)
• 죄악 (罪惡, joeak)
• 참악 (慘惡, chamak)
• 최악 (最惡, choeak)
• 추악 (醜惡, chuak)
• 포악 (暴惡, poak)
• 해악 (害惡, haeak)
• 행악 (行惡, haeng'ak)
• 험악 (險惡, heomak)
• 흉악 (凶惡, hyung'ak)

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 惡.

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	ᅙᅩᆼ〮 (Yale: qwó)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
	Gloss (hun)	Reading
Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576	아쳐 (Yale: achye)	오 (Yale: wo)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(кључ): [o̞]
• Phonetic hangul: [오]

Hanja

惡 (eumhun 미워할 오 (miwohal o))

1. Hanja form^? of 오 (“to hate”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 오한 (惡寒, ohan)
• 증오 (憎惡, jeung'o)
• 혐오 (嫌惡, hyeomo)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

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Вијетнамски

Han character

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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惡 (кинески)

Изговор:

пинјин: è  

Аудио:

(датотека)

Шаблон:zh-cir

Радикал:

心 061

Значења:

...

Примери:

1. 21 他未見雅各 中有罪孽、也未見以色列 中有奸惡．耶和華他的　神和他同在、有歡呼王的聲音在他們中間。
   1. 21 Tā wèi jiàn yā gè zhōng yǒu zuìniè, yě wèi jiàn yǐsèliè zhōng yǒu jiān è. Yēhéhuá tā de shén hé tā tóng zài, yǒu huānhū wáng de shēngyīn zài tāmen zhōngjiān.
      1. 21. Не гледа на безакоње у Јакову ни на неваљалство у Израиљу; Господ је његов с њим, и граја у њему као цар кад надвлада.

         1. 2 Мој. 13:21, 5 Мој. 33:5, Псал. 89:15, Псал. 97:1, Псал. 98:6, Иса. 33:22, Јер. 50:20, Ос. 14:2, Мих. 7:18, Лука 19:37, Рим. 4:7, Рим. 6:14, 2 Кор. 5:19

Навигатор

... ...	... 惡 5	... ...
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... ...	... ...	... ...

Синоними:

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Хомофони:

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Хомографи:

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ХСК ниво:

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Асоцијације:

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Изведене речи:

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Сродни чланци са Википедије:

惡

Преводи

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