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{{Infobox settlement
{{redlinks}}
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->| name = Shimane Prefecture
[[Image:Japan_shimane_map_small.png|right]]
| native_name = {{nobold|{{lang|ja|島根県}}}}
| settlement_type = [[Prefectures of Japan|Prefecture]]
| translit_lang1 = Japanese
| translit_lang1_type = [[Japanese language|Japanese]]
| translit_lang1_info = {{lang|ja|島根県}}
| translit_lang1_type1 = [[Romanization of Japanese|Rōmaji]]
| translit_lang1_info1 = {{lang|ja-Latn|Shimane-ken}}
| image_skyline = {{multiple image
| border = infobox
| total_width = 290
| image_style = border:1;
| perrow = 1/2/1/2/2/2
| image1 = Myogaki stone walls (former Makihata site), Chiburijima.jpg
| caption1 = Oki Island Geopark
| image2 = Matsue Castle (51821560071).jpg
| caption2 = [[Matsue Castle]]
| image3 = Lake-Shinji Yomegashima sunset.jpg
| caption3 = [[Lake Shinji]]
| image4 = Haiden of Izumo-taisha-1.JPG
| caption4 = [[Izumo Taisha]]
| image5 = IzumoSoba WarigoSoba 5dan.jpg
| caption5 = [[:ja:出雲そば|Izumo Soba noodle]]
| image6 = Shimizudani Refinery Ruins at Iwami Ginzan Silver Mine 001.jpg
| caption6 = [[Iwami Ginzan Silver Mine|A ruin of Iwami Silvemine]]
| image7 = Susanoo-Orochi.jpg
| caption7 = [[:ja:石見神楽|Iwami Traditional Folk Dance (Iwami Kagura)]]
| image8 = Koujindani Remains 01.JPG
| caption8 = [[:ja:荒神谷遺跡|Kōjindani Ruin]]
| image9 = Sandmuseum Nima.jpg
| caption9 = [[:ja:仁摩サンドミュージアム|Nima Sand Museum]]
| image10 = Hommachi-dori Street in Tsuwano, Kanoashi, Shimane 2.jpg
| caption10 = Herritage street and town in Tsuwano
}}
| image_flag = Flag of Shimane Prefecture.svg
| flag_size = 100px
| image_blank_emblem = Emblem of Shimane Prefecture.svg
| blank_emblem_size = 80px
| blank_emblem_type = Symbol
| image_map = Map of Japan with highlight on 32 Shimane prefecture.svg
| coordinates =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[Japan]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[List of regions of Japan|Region]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Chūgoku region|Chūgoku]] ([[San'in region|San'in]])
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of islands of Japan|Island]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Honshu]]
| seat_type = [[List of capitals in Japan|Capital]]
| seat = [[Matsue]]
| parts_type = Subdivisions
| parts_style = para
| p1 = [[Districts of Japan|Districts]]: 5
| p2 = [[Municipalities of Japan|Municipalities]]: 19
| leader_title = [[List of prefectural governors in Japan|Governor]]
| leader_name = [[Tatsuya Maruyama]]
| area_total_km2 = 6,708.26
| area_water_percent = 2.7
| area_rank = [[List of Japanese prefectures by area|19th]]
| population_footnotes =
| population_total = 665205
| population_as_of = February 1, 2021
| population_rank = [[List of Japanese prefectures by population|46th]]
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type2 = GDP
| demographics2_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web |title=2020年度国民経済計算（2015年基準・2008SNA） : 経済社会総合研究所 - 内閣府 |url=https://www.esri.cao.go.jp/jp/sna/data/data_list/kakuhou/files/2020/2020_kaku_top.html |access-date=2023-05-18 |website=内閣府ホームページ |language=ja}}</ref>
| demographics2_title1 = Total
| demographics2_info1 = [[JP¥]] 2,689 billion<br />[[US$]] 24.7 billion (2019)
| iso_code = JP-32
| website = {{URL|http://www1.pref.shimane.lg.jp/contents/kokusai/kokusai-e/index.html}}
| module = {{Infobox place symbols| embedded=yes
| country = Japan
| bird = [[Whooper swan]] (''Cygnus&nbsp;cygnus'')
| fish = [[Flying Fish]]
| flower = Moutan [[peony]] (''Paeonia&nbsp;suffruticosa'')
| tree = [[Japanese black pine]] (''Pinus&nbsp;thunbergii'')
}}
| anthem = [[:ja:薄紫の山脈|Usu-murasaki no yamanami]]
}}
{{nihongo|'''Shimane prefecture'''|島根県|Shimane-ken}} is a [[Japan]]ese [[Prefectures of Japan|prefecture]] in the [[Chūgoku region]] of the [[island]] of [[Honshu]].<ref>Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA859 "Shimane Prefecture"] in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 859; [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA127 "Chūgoku"] at p. 127.</ref> The capital is the city of [[Matsue, Shimane|Matsue]].<ref>Nussbaum, [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA617 "Matsue"] at p. 617.</ref> It has the second smallest population of any prefecture in Japan.


Shimane Prefecture is part of the '''San'in area'''. San'in means "the shady side of the mountains". There is a mountain range separating Shimane and neighboring [[Tottori Prefecture|Tottori]] from [[Hiroshima Prefecture|Hiroshima]] and [[Okayama Prefecture|Okayama]]. That means that the [[weather]] here is much wetter than further to the south.
'''Shimane prefecture''' (島根県 ''Shimane-ken'') is in the western [[Chugoku]] region of the main [[Japan]]ese island [[Honshu]]. It has the second smallest population of any prefecture in Japan.

Shimane Prefecture is in [[Chugoku]] and is part of the '''San'in area'''. San'in means "the shady side of the mountains". There is a mountain range separating Shimane and neighboring [[Tottori_Prefecture|Tottori]] from [[Hiroshima_Prefecture|Hiroshima]] and [[Okayama_Prefecture|Okayama]]. That means that the weather here is much wetter than further to the south.


== History ==
== History ==
The area of Shimane Prefecture includes the [[List of Provinces of Japan|old provinces]] of [[Iwami Province]], [[Izumo Province]], and [[Oki Province]].<ref>Nussbaum, [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA780 "Provinces and prefectures"] at p. 780.</ref>
[[Image:Matsue Castle Tenshu.jpg|thumb|200px|right|[[Matsue Castle]]]]


=== Early history ===
=== Early history ===
The history of Shimane starts with Japanese mythology. In these myths, the Shinto god [[Ōkuninushi]] lived in [[Izumo_Province|Izumo]], an old province in Shimane. [[Izumo Shrine]] honors this god.<ref>[http://www.izumooyashiro.or.jp/kamigami/izumo/index.html Izumo Shrine website]</ref> The current Shimane prefecture was divided into three parts: [[Iwami_Province|Iwami]], [[Izumo]], and [[Oki_Province|Oki]]. That lasted until the the [[han system]] was stopped in 1871.
The history of Shimane starts with Japanese mythology. In these myths, the Shinto god Ōkuninushi lived in [[Izumo Province|Izumo]], an old province in Shimane. Izumo Shrine honors this god.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.izumooyashiro.or.jp/kamigami/izumo/index.html |title=Izumo Shrine website |access-date=2010-10-16 |archive-date=2007-08-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070823070951/http://www.izumooyashiro.or.jp/kamigami/izumo/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>


Later on in the Kamakura period, the Kamakura Shogunate forced Emperor Gotoba and [[Emperor Godaigo]] into exile on Oki Island. Emperor Godaigo got away from Oki and successfully fought back against the shogunate.<ref name="super">{{citebook|title=スーパー日本史 Super Nihon-shi|author=古川清行 Furukawa Kiyoyuki|year=2003|publisher=講談社 Kōdansha|ISBN=406204594}}</ref>
Later on in the Kamakura period, the Kamakura Shogunate forced Emperor Gotoba and Emperor Godaigo into exile on Oki Island. Emperor Godaigo got away from Oki and successfully fought back against the shogunate.<ref name="super">{{cite book|title=スーパー日本史 Super Nihon-shi|author=古川清行 Furukawa Kiyoyuki|year=2003|publisher=講談社 Kōdansha|isbn=4062-04594-X}}</ref>


=== Middle Ages ===
=== Middle Ages ===
During the Muromachi period, many clans fought over this area because there was a lot of silver. The Kyogoku clan controlled Izumo and Oki. However, after the [[Ōnin War]], the Amago clan in Gassan-Toda castle increased in power, and the [[Masuda clan]] controlled [[Iwami_Province|Iwami]]. [[Iwami Ginzan Silver Mine]] was in between Amago clan territory and Masuda clan territory, so there were many battles between these lords for the large amount of silver. However, in 1566 [[Mori Motonari]] conquered Izumo, Iwami, and Oki.<ref name="super" /> After over 30 years of Mori control, in 1600 Horio Yoshiharu entered Izumo and Oki after the [[Battle of Sekigahara]] which Mori lost. Horio Yoshiharu decided to move and build [[Matsue Castle]] instead of Gassan-Toda. The castle was completed soon after Yoshiharu's death. Later in 1638, the grandson of [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]], [[Matsudaira Naomasa]] entered the castle because the Horio clan had no heir. Matsudaira's family ruled until the end of the han system.
During the Muromachi period, many clans fought over this area because there was a lot of silver. The Kyogoku clan controlled Izumo and Oki. However, after the [[Ōnin War]], the Amago clan in Gassan-Toda castle increased in power, and the Masuda clan controlled [[Iwami Province|Iwami]]. [[Iwami Ginzan Silver Mine]] was in between Amago clan territory and Masuda clan territory, so there were many battles between these lords for the large amount of silver. However, in 1566 Mouri Motonari (毛利元就) conquered Izumo, Iwami, and Oki.<ref name="super" /> After over 30 years of Mori control, in 1600 Horio Yoshiharu entered Izumo and Oki after the Battle of Sekigahara which Mouri lost. Horio Yoshiharu decided to move and build Matsue Castle instead of Gassan-Toda. The castle was completed soon after Yoshiharu's death. Later in 1638, the grandson of [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]], Matsudaira Naomasa entered the castle because the Horio clan had no heir. Matsudaira's family ruled until the end of the han system.

The Iwami area was split into 3 clans. The mining district was under direct control of the Shogunate. The Hamada clan and the Tsuwano clan each controlled their own areas. Iwami Ginzan produced [[silver]] and was one of the nation's largest silver mine by the early 17th century. The Hamada clan was on the shogunate's side in the [[Meiji Restoration]], and the castle was burned down. The Tsuwano clan, despite the Matsudaira (relative of the shogun) rule was on the emperor's side in the restoration.<ref name="aramashi">{{Cite web |url=http://www.pref.shimane.lg.jp/kochokoho/profile/aramasi.html |title=History of Shimane Prefecture |access-date=2010-10-16 |archive-date=2007-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071118032551/http://www.pref.shimane.lg.jp/kochokoho/profile/aramasi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Historic sites===
* [[Iwami Ginzan Silver Mine and its Cultural Landscape|Iwami Ginzan Silver Mine]] (石見銀山) is a [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]]
* Yunotsu - An old ''onsen'' town with architecture preserved from the 1920s

==Geography==
Shimane faces the [[Sea of Japan]] on its north. Its southeastern border meets [[Tottori Prefecture]], [[Hiroshima Prefecture]] and [[Yamaguchi Prefecture]].

===Cities===
[[Image:Matsue Castle Tenshu.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Matsue Castle]]
* [[Matsue, Shimane|Matsue]] (松江) - The prefectural [[Capital (city)|capital city]], Matsue has an original castle. Most castles in Japan have been rebuilt in modern times. [[Lafcadio Hearn]] lived and wrote here.
* [[Izumo, Shimane|Izumo]] (出雲) - Site of Izumo Taisha, one of Japan's most famous shrines.
* [[Hamada, Shimane|Hamada]] (浜田) - Fishing port and recreation area.
* Tsuwano (津和野) - This is also called "Little Kyoto". Mori Ogai was born here.
* Masuda (益田) - The westernmost city in Shimane and long-time home of Sesshu, an important artist in Japanese history.
* Gotsu (江津) - A small industrial city between Hamada and Oda.
* Ōda (大田) - Close to Iwami Ginzan and Mt. Sanbe.
* Yasugi - Site of the Adachi Art Museum.

===National Parks===
National Parks are established in about 6% of the total land area of the prefecture.<ref>Japan Ministry of the Environment, [http://www.env.go.jp/en/nature/nps/park/doc/files/np_6.pdf "General overview of area figures for Natural Parks by prefecture"]; retrieved 2012-3-13.</ref>


==Shrines and Temples==
The Iwami area was split into 3 clans. The mining district was under direct control of the Shogunate. The Hamada clan and the Tsuwano clan each controlled their own areas. [[Iwami Ginzan]] produced [[silver]] and was one of the nation's largest silver mine by the early 17th century. The Hamada clan was on the shogunate's side in the [[Meiji Restoration]], and the castle was burned down. The Tsuwano clan, despite the Matsudaira (relative of the shogun) rule was on the emperor's side in the restoration.<ref name="aramashi">[http://www.pref.shimane.lg.jp/kochokoho/profile/aramasi.html History of Shimane Prefecture]</ref>
''Izumo taisha'', ''Mononobe jinja'', ''Mizuwakasu jinja'' and ''Yurahime jinja'' are the chief [[Shinto shrine]]s (''[[ichinomiya]]'') in the prefecture.<ref>[http://eos.kokugakuin.ac.jp/modules/xwords/images/uploads/EOS070712Ab.pdf "Nationwide List of ''Ichinomiya''," p. 2] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130517061440/http://eos.kokugakuin.ac.jp/modules/xwords/images/uploads/EOS070712Ab.pdf |date=2013-05-17 }}; retrieved 2012-8-27.</ref>


==Cities==
==Related pages==
* [[Provinces of Japan]]
* [[Matsue,_Shimane|Matsue]] (松江) - The prefectural capital, Matsue has an original castle. Most castles in Japan have been rebuilt in modern times. [[Lafcadio Hearn]] lived and wrote here.
* [[Prefectures of Japan]]
* [[Izumo,_Shimane|Izumo]] (出雲) - Site of Izumo Taisha, one of Japan's most famous shrines.
* [[List of regions of Japan]]
* [[Hamada,_Shimane|Hamada]] (浜田) - Fishing port and recreation area.
* [[List of islands of Japan]]
* [[Tsuwano,_Shimane|Tsuwano]] (津和野) - This is also called "Little Kyoto". [[Mori Ogai]] was born here.
* [[:Category:People from Shimane Prefecture]]
* [[Masuda,_Shimane|Masuda]] (益田) - The westernmost city in Shimane and long-time home of [[Sesshu]], an important artist in Japanese history.
==References==
* [[Gotsu,_Shimane|Gotsu]] (江津) - A small industrial city between Hamada and Oda.
{{reflist}}
* [[Oda,_Shimane|Oda]] (大田) - Close to Iwami Ginzan and Mt. Sanbe.
* [[Yasugi,_Shimane|Yasugi]] - Site of the Adachi Art Museum.


==Other locations==
== Other websites ==
{{commons category-inline|Shimane prefecture}}
* [[Iwami Ginzan]] Silver Mines (石見銀山) - [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]]
* [http://www1.pref.shimane.lg.jp/contents/kokusai/kokusai-e/index.html Shimane Prefecture website]
* [[Yunotsu,_Shimane|Yunotsu]] - An old ''onsen'' town with architecture preserved from the 1920s


{{Regions and administrative divisions of Japan}}
==Other web pages==
{{authority control}}
Shimane Prefecture: Introduction to Shimane [http://www1.pref.shimane.lg.jp/contents/kokusai/kokusai-e/index.html]
[[Category:Shimane Prefecture| ]]

Latest revision as of 13:40, 3 June 2024

Shimane Prefecture
島根県
Prefecture
Japanese transcription(s)
 • Japanese島根県
 • RōmajiShimane-ken
Oki Island Geopark
Herritage street and town in Tsuwano
Flag of Shimane Prefecture
Flag
Official logo of Shimane Prefecture
Symbol
Anthem: Usu-murasaki no yamanami
Location of Shimane Prefecture
CountryJapan
RegionChūgoku (San'in)
IslandHonshu
CapitalMatsue
SubdivisionsDistricts: 5, Municipalities: 19
Government
 • GovernorTatsuya Maruyama
Area
 • Total6,708.26 km2 (2,590.07 sq mi)
 • Rank19th
Population
 (February 1, 2021)
 • Total665,205
 • Rank46th
 • Density99/km2 (260/sq mi)
GDP
[1]
 • TotalJP¥ 2,689 billion
US$ 24.7 billion (2019)
ISO 3166 codeJP-32
Websitewww1.pref.shimane.lg.jp/contents/kokusai/kokusai-e/index.html
Symbols
BirdWhooper swan (Cygnus cygnus)
FishFlying Fish
FlowerMoutan peony (Paeonia suffruticosa)
TreeJapanese black pine (Pinus thunbergii)

Shimane prefecture (島根県, Shimane-ken) is a Japanese prefecture in the Chūgoku region of the island of Honshu.[2] The capital is the city of Matsue.[3] It has the second smallest population of any prefecture in Japan.

Shimane Prefecture is part of the San'in area. San'in means "the shady side of the mountains". There is a mountain range separating Shimane and neighboring Tottori from Hiroshima and Okayama. That means that the weather here is much wetter than further to the south.

History

[change | change source]

The area of Shimane Prefecture includes the old provinces of Iwami Province, Izumo Province, and Oki Province.[4]

Early history

[change | change source]

The history of Shimane starts with Japanese mythology. In these myths, the Shinto god Ōkuninushi lived in Izumo, an old province in Shimane. Izumo Shrine honors this god.[5]

Later on in the Kamakura period, the Kamakura Shogunate forced Emperor Gotoba and Emperor Godaigo into exile on Oki Island. Emperor Godaigo got away from Oki and successfully fought back against the shogunate.[6]

Middle Ages

[change | change source]

During the Muromachi period, many clans fought over this area because there was a lot of silver. The Kyogoku clan controlled Izumo and Oki. However, after the Ōnin War, the Amago clan in Gassan-Toda castle increased in power, and the Masuda clan controlled Iwami. Iwami Ginzan Silver Mine was in between Amago clan territory and Masuda clan territory, so there were many battles between these lords for the large amount of silver. However, in 1566 Mouri Motonari (毛利元就) conquered Izumo, Iwami, and Oki.[6] After over 30 years of Mori control, in 1600 Horio Yoshiharu entered Izumo and Oki after the Battle of Sekigahara which Mouri lost. Horio Yoshiharu decided to move and build Matsue Castle instead of Gassan-Toda. The castle was completed soon after Yoshiharu's death. Later in 1638, the grandson of Tokugawa Ieyasu, Matsudaira Naomasa entered the castle because the Horio clan had no heir. Matsudaira's family ruled until the end of the han system.

The Iwami area was split into 3 clans. The mining district was under direct control of the Shogunate. The Hamada clan and the Tsuwano clan each controlled their own areas. Iwami Ginzan produced silver and was one of the nation's largest silver mine by the early 17th century. The Hamada clan was on the shogunate's side in the Meiji Restoration, and the castle was burned down. The Tsuwano clan, despite the Matsudaira (relative of the shogun) rule was on the emperor's side in the restoration.[7]

Historic sites

[change | change source]

Geography

[change | change source]

Shimane faces the Sea of Japan on its north. Its southeastern border meets Tottori Prefecture, Hiroshima Prefecture and Yamaguchi Prefecture.

Cities

[change | change source]
Matsue Castle
  • Matsue (松江) - The prefectural capital city, Matsue has an original castle. Most castles in Japan have been rebuilt in modern times. Lafcadio Hearn lived and wrote here.
  • Izumo (出雲) - Site of Izumo Taisha, one of Japan's most famous shrines.
  • Hamada (浜田) - Fishing port and recreation area.
  • Tsuwano (津和野) - This is also called "Little Kyoto". Mori Ogai was born here.
  • Masuda (益田) - The westernmost city in Shimane and long-time home of Sesshu, an important artist in Japanese history.
  • Gotsu (江津) - A small industrial city between Hamada and Oda.
  • Ōda (大田) - Close to Iwami Ginzan and Mt. Sanbe.
  • Yasugi - Site of the Adachi Art Museum.

National Parks

[change | change source]

National Parks are established in about 6% of the total land area of the prefecture.[8]

Shrines and Temples

[change | change source]

Izumo taisha, Mononobe jinja, Mizuwakasu jinja and Yurahime jinja are the chief Shinto shrines (ichinomiya) in the prefecture.[9]

[change | change source]

References

[change | change source]
  1. ↑ "2020年度国民経済計算（2015年基準・2008SNA） : 経済社会総合研究所 - 内閣府". 内閣府ホームページ (in Japanese). Retrieved 2023-05-18.
  2. ↑ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Shimane Prefecture" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 859; "Chūgoku" at p. 127.
  3. ↑ Nussbaum, "Matsue" at p. 617.
  4. ↑ Nussbaum, "Provinces and prefectures" at p. 780.
  5. ↑ "Izumo Shrine website". Archived from the original on 2007-08-23. Retrieved 2010-10-16.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 古川清行 Furukawa Kiyoyuki (2003). スーパー日本史 Super Nihon-shi. 講談社 Kōdansha. ISBN 4062-04594-X.
  7. ↑ "History of Shimane Prefecture". Archived from the original on 2007-11-18. Retrieved 2010-10-16.
  8. ↑ Japan Ministry of the Environment, "General overview of area figures for Natural Parks by prefecture"; retrieved 2012-3-13.
  9. ↑ "Nationwide List of Ichinomiya," p. 2 Archived 2013-05-17 at the Wayback Machine; retrieved 2012-8-27.

Other websites

[change | change source]

Media related to Shimane prefecture at Wikimedia Commons

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