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Proliferativni ćelijski nuklearni antigen

(Preusmjereno sa stranice PCNA)
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Proliferativni ćelijski nuklearni antigen (PCNA) je DNK stega koja deluje kao faktor procesivnosti za DNK polimerazu δ u eukariotskim ćelijama i koja je esencijalna za replikaciju. PCNA je homotrimer koji ostvaruje svoju procesivnost putem obuhvatanja DNK, pri čemu ona deluje kao osnova na kojoj se vezuju drugi proteini koji su neophodni za DNK replikaciju, DNK popravku, remodelovanje hromatina i epigenetiku.[1]

Proliferativni ćelijski nuklearni antigen‎

Formirana ljudska DNK stega, trimer proteina PCNA.
Dostupne strukture
1AXC, 1U76, 1U7B, 1UL1, 1VYJ, 1VYM, 1W60, 2ZVK, 2ZVL, 2ZVM, 3P87, 3TBL, 3VKX
Identifikatori
SimboliPCNA; MGC8367
Vanjski IDOMIM: 176740 MGI: 97503 HomoloGene: 1945 GeneCards: PCNA Gene
Pregled RNK izražavanja
podaci
Ortolozi
VrstaČovekMiš
Entrez511118538
EnsemblENSG00000132646ENSMUSG00000027342
UniProtP12004P17918
Ref. Sekv. (iRNK)NM_002592NM_011045
Ref. Sekv. (protein)NP_002583NP_035175
Lokacija (UCSC)Chr 20:
5.1 - 5.11 Mb		Chr 2:
132.25 - 132.25 Mb
PubMed pretraga[1][2]

Mnogi proteini formiraju interakcije sa dva poznata PCNA-interagujuća motiva: PCNA interagujuća peptidna (PIP) kutija[2] i AlkB homolog 2 PCNA interagujući motiv (APIM).[3] Proteinsko vezivanje za PCNA putem PIP-kutije se uglavnom ostvaruje tokom DNK replikacije, dok su proteini koji se vezuju za PCNA putem APIM prvenstveno važni u kontekstu genotoksičnog stresa.[4]

U responsu na DNK oštećenje, ovaj protein biva ubikvitinisan i učestvuje u putu RAD6 zavisne DNK popravke. Poznate su dve transkriptne varijante koje kodiraju isti protein. Pseudogeni ovog gena su prisutni na hromozomu 4 i na X hromozomu.[5]

Interakcije

uredi

PCNA formira interakcije sa Ku70,[6][7] MSH3,[6][8][9] WRN,[10][11] RFC2,[6][12][13] RFC3,[6][14] RFC1,[6][15][16][17][18] RFC4,[6][12] RFC5,[6][12][17] GADD45G,[19][20] CDC25C,[21] MUTYH,[22] Endonukleaza 1 specifična za flap strukturu,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29] Ciklin O,[6][30] CHTF18,[6] Protein 1 sa vezivanjem za Y kutiju,[31] Ciklin D1,[32][33] Aneksin A2,[6] MSH6,[6][8][9] DNMT1,[34][35][36] HDAC1,[37] KCTD13,[38] XRCC1,[39] Ciklin zavisna kinaza 4,[33][40] Ku80,[6][7][41] HUS1,[42] GADD45A,[43][44][45][46][47] POLD2,[48] ING1,[49] POLH,[50] KIAA0101,[29] POLDIP2,[51] EP300,[52] MCL1,[53] POLD3,[6][54] Inhibitor 1C ciklin zavisne kinaze,[55] POLL,[56][57][58] Ubikvitin C[59][60][61] and P21.[16][25][29][55][62][63][64][65]

Proteini koji formiraju interakcije sa PCNA putem APIM su: ljudski AlkB homolog 2, TFIIS-L, TFII-I, Rad51B,[3] XPA,[66] ZRANB3,[67] i FBH1.[68]

Reference

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  1. ↑ Moldovan, GL; Pfander, B; Jentsch, S (May 18, 2007). „PCNA, the maestro of the replication fork.”. Cell 129 (4): 665–79. DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2007.05.003. PMID 17512402. 
  2. ↑ Warbrick, E (Mar 1998). „PCNA binding through a conserved motif.”. BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology 20 (3): 195–9. DOI:10.1002/(sici)1521-1878(199803)20:3<195::aid-bies2>3.0.co;2-r. PMID 9631646. 
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 Gilljam, KM; Feyzi, E; Aas, PA; Sousa, MM; Müller, R; Vågbø, CB; Catterall, TC; Liabakk, NB; Slupphaug, G; Drabløs, F; Krokan, HE; Otterlei, M (Sep 7, 2009). „Identification of a novel, widespread, and functionally important PCNA-binding motif.”. The Journal of cell biology 186 (5): 645–54. DOI:10.1083/jcb.200903138. PMID 19736315. 
  4. ↑ Mailand, N; Gibbs-Seymour, I; Bekker-Jensen, S (May 2013). „Regulation of PCNA-protein interactions for genome stability.”. Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology 14 (5): 269–82. DOI:10.1038/nrm3562. PMID 23594953. 
  5. ↑ „Entrez Gene: PCNA proliferating cell nuclear antigen”. 
  6. ↑ 6,00 6,01 6,02 6,03 6,04 6,05 6,06 6,07 6,08 6,09 6,10 6,11 6,12 Ohta, Satoshi; Shiomi Yasushi, Sugimoto Katsunori, Obuse Chikashi, Tsurimoto Toshiki (October 2002). „A proteomics approach to identify proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-binding proteins in human cell lysates. Identification of the human CHL12/RFCs2-5 complex as a novel PCNA-binding protein”. J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 277 (43): 40362–40367. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M206194200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12171929. 
  7. ↑ 7,0 7,1 Balajee, A S; Geard C R (March 2001). „Chromatin-bound PCNA complex formation triggered by DNA damage occurs independent of the ATM gene product in human cells”. Nucleic Acids Res. (England) 29 (6): 1341–1351. DOI:10.1093/nar/29.6.1341. PMC 29758. PMID 11239001. 
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 Kleczkowska, H E; Marra G, Lettieri T, Jiricny J (March 2001). „hMSH3 and hMSH6 interact with PCNA and colocalize with it to replication foci”. Genes Dev. (United States) 15 (6): 724–736. DOI:10.1101/gad.191201. ISSN 0890-9369. PMC 312660. PMID 11274057. 
  9. ↑ 9,0 9,1 Clark, A B; Valle F, Drotschmann K, Gary R K, Kunkel T A (November 2000). „Functional interaction of proliferating cell nuclear antigen with MSH2-MSH6 and MSH2-MSH3 complexes”. J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 275 (47): 36498–36501. DOI:10.1074/jbc.C000513200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 11005803. 
  10. ↑ Rodríguez-López, Ana M; Jackson Dean A, Nehlin Jan O, Iborra Francisco, Warren Anna V, Cox Lynne S (February 2003). „Characterisation of the interaction between WRN, the helicase/exonuclease defective in progeroid Werner's syndrome, and an essential replication factor, PCNA”. Mech. Ageing Dev. (Ireland) 124 (2): 167–174. DOI:10.1016/S0047-6374(02)00131-8. ISSN 0047-6374. PMID 12633936. 
  11. ↑ Huang, S; Beresten S, Li B, Oshima J, Ellis N A, Campisi J (June 2000). „Characterization of the human and mouse WRN 3'-->5' exonuclease”. Nucleic Acids Res. (ENGLAND) 28 (12): 2396–2405. DOI:10.1093/nar/28.12.2396. PMC 102739. PMID 10871373. 
  12. ↑ 12,0 12,1 12,2 Cai, J; Gibbs E, Uhlmann F, Phillips B, Yao N, O'Donnell M, Hurwitz J (July 1997). „A complex consisting of human replication factor C p40, p37, and p36 subunits is a DNA-dependent ATPase and an intermediate in the assembly of the holoenzyme”. J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 272 (30): 18974–18981. DOI:10.1074/jbc.272.30.18974. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 9228079. 
  13. ↑ Pan, Z Q; Chen M, Hurwitz J (January 1993). „The subunits of activator 1 (replication factor C) carry out multiple functions essential for proliferating-cell nuclear antigen-dependent DNA synthesis”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (UNITED STATES) 90 (1): 6–10. DOI:10.1073/pnas.90.1.6. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 45588. PMID 8093561. 
  14. ↑ Merkle, Carolin J; Karnitz Larry M, Henry-Sánchez John T, Chen Junjie (August 2003). „Cloning and characterization of hCTF18, hCTF8, and hDCC1. Human homologs of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae complex involved in sister chromatid cohesion establishment”. J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 278 (32): 30051–30056. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M211591200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12766176. 
  15. ↑ Maruyama, Tetsuo; Farina Andrea, Dey Anup, Cheong JaeHun, Bermudez Vladimir P, Tamura Tomohiko, Sciortino Selvaggia, Shuman Jon, Hurwitz Jerard, Ozato Keiko (September 2002). „A Mammalian bromodomain protein, brd4, interacts with replication factor C and inhibits progression to S phase”. Mol. Cell. Biol. (United States) 22 (18): 6509–6520. DOI:10.1128/MCB.22.18.6509-6520.2002. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 135621. PMID 12192049. 
  16. ↑ 16,0 16,1 Fotedar, R; Mossi R, Fitzgerald P, Rousselle T, Maga G, Brickner H, Messier H, Kasibhatla S, Hübscher U, Fotedar A (August 1996). „A conserved domain of the large subunit of replication factor C binds PCNA and acts like a dominant negative inhibitor of DNA replication in mammalian cells”. EMBO J. (ENGLAND) 15 (16): 4423–33. ISSN 0261-4189. PMC 452166. PMID 8861969. 
  17. ↑ 17,0 17,1 Mossi, R; Jónsson Z O, Allen B L, Hardin S H, Hübscher U (January 1997). „Replication factor C interacts with the C-terminal side of proliferating cell nuclear antigen”. J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 272 (3): 1769–1776. DOI:10.1074/jbc.272.3.1769. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 8999859. 
  18. ↑ van der Kuip, H; Carius B, Haque S J, Williams B R, Huber C, Fischer T (April 1999). „The DNA-binding subunit p140 of replication factor C is upregulated in cycling cells and associates with G1 phase cell cycle regulatory proteins”. J. Mol. Med. (GERMANY) 77 (4): 386–392. DOI:10.1007/s001090050365. ISSN 0946-2716. PMID 10353443. 
  19. ↑ Azam, N; Vairapandi M, Zhang W, Hoffman B, Liebermann D A (January 2001). „Interaction of CR6 (GADD45gamma ) with proliferating cell nuclear antigen impedes negative growth control”. J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 276 (4): 2766–2774. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M005626200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 11022036. 
  20. ↑ Nakayama, K; Hara T, Hibi M, Hirano T, Miyajima A (August 1999). „A novel oncostatin M-inducible gene OIG37 forms a gene family with MyD118 and GADD45 and negatively regulates cell growth”. J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 274 (35): 24766–24772. DOI:10.1074/jbc.274.35.24766. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 10455148. 
  21. ↑ Kawabe, Takumi; Suganuma Masashi, Ando Tomoaki, Kimura Mayumi, Hori Haruna, Okamoto Takashi (March 2002). „Cdc25C interacts with PCNA at G2/M transition”. Oncogene (England) 21 (11): 1717–1726. DOI:10.1038/sj.onc.1205229. ISSN 0950-9232. PMID 11896603. 
  22. ↑ Parker, A; Gu Y, Mahoney W, Lee S H, Singh K K, Lu A L (February 2001). „Human homolog of the MutY repair protein (hMYH) physically interacts with proteins involved in long patch DNA base excision repair”. J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 276 (8): 5547–5555. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M008463200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 11092888. 
  23. ↑ Henneke, Ghislaine; Koundrioukoff Stéphane, Hübscher Ulrich (July 2003). „Phosphorylation of human Fen1 by cyclin-dependent kinase modulates its role in replication fork regulation”. Oncogene (England) 22 (28): 4301–4313. DOI:10.1038/sj.onc.1206606. ISSN 0950-9232. PMID 12853968. 
  24. ↑ Hasan, S; Stucki M, Hassa P O, Imhof R, Gehrig P, Hunziker P, Hübscher U, Hottiger M O (June 2001). „Regulation of human flap endonuclease-1 activity by acetylation through the transcriptional coactivator p300”. Mol. Cell (United States) 7 (6): 1221–1231. DOI:10.1016/S1097-2765(01)00272-6. ISSN 1097-2765. PMID 11430825. 
  25. ↑ 25,0 25,1 Jónsson, Z O; Hindges R, Hübscher U (April 1998). „Regulation of DNA replication and repair proteins through interaction with the front side of proliferating cell nuclear antigen”. EMBO J. (ENGLAND) 17 (8): 2412–2425. DOI:10.1093/emboj/17.8.2412. ISSN 0261-4189. PMC 1170584. PMID 9545252. 
  26. ↑ Gary, R; Ludwig D L, Cornelius H L, MacInnes M A, Park M S (September 1997). „The DNA repair endonuclease XPG binds to proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and shares sequence elements with the PCNA-binding regions of FEN-1 and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21”. J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 272 (39): 24522–24529. DOI:10.1074/jbc.272.39.24522. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 9305916. 
  27. ↑ Chen, U; Chen S, Saha P, Dutta A (October 1996). „p21Cip1/Waf1 disrupts the recruitment of human Fen1 by proliferating-cell nuclear antigen into the DNA replication complex”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (UNITED STATES) 93 (21): 11597–11602. DOI:10.1073/pnas.93.21.11597. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 38103. PMID 8876181. 
  28. ↑ Dianova, I I; Bohr V A, Dianov G L (October 2001). „Interaction of human AP endonuclease 1 with flap endonuclease 1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen involved in long-patch base excision repair”. Biochemistry (United States) 40 (42): 12639–12644. DOI:10.1021/bi011117i. ISSN 0006-2960. PMID 11601988. 
  29. ↑ 29,0 29,1 29,2 Yu, P; Huang B, Shen M, Lau C, Chan E, Michel J, Xiong Y, Payan D G, Luo Y (January 2001). „p15(PAF), a novel PCNA associated factor with increased expression in tumor tissues”. Oncogene (England) 20 (4): 484–489. DOI:10.1038/sj.onc.1204113. ISSN 0950-9232. PMID 11313979. 
  30. ↑ Otterlei, M; Warbrick E, Nagelhus T A, Haug T, Slupphaug G, Akbari M, Aas P A, Steinsbekk K, Bakke O, Krokan H E (July 1999). „Post-replicative base excision repair in replication foci”. EMBO J. (ENGLAND) 18 (13): 3834–3844. DOI:10.1093/emboj/18.13.3834. ISSN 0261-4189. PMC 1171460. PMID 10393198. 
  31. ↑ Ise, T; Nagatani G, Imamura T, Kato K, Takano H, Nomoto M, Izumi H, Ohmori H, Okamoto T, Ohga T, Uchiumi T, Kuwano M, Kohno K (January 1999). „Transcription factor Y-box binding protein 1 binds preferentially to cisplatin-modified DNA and interacts with proliferating cell nuclear antigen”. Cancer Res. (UNITED STATES) 59 (2): 342–6. ISSN 0008-5472. PMID 9927044. 
  32. ↑ Matsuoka, S; Yamaguchi M, Matsukage A (April 1994). „D-type cyclin-binding regions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen”. J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 269 (15): 11030–6. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 7908906. 
  33. ↑ 33,0 33,1 Xiong, Y; Zhang H, Beach D (August 1993). „Subunit rearrangement of the cyclin-dependent kinases is associated with cellular transformation”. Genes Dev. (UNITED STATES) 7 (8): 1572–1583. DOI:10.1101/gad.7.8.1572. ISSN 0890-9369. PMID 8101826. 
  34. ↑ Rountree, M R; Bachman K E, Baylin S B (July 2000). „DNMT1 binds HDAC2 and a new co-repressor, DMAP1, to form a complex at replication foci”. Nat. Genet. (UNITED STATES) 25 (3): 269–277. DOI:10.1038/77023. ISSN 1061-4036. PMID 10888872. 
  35. ↑ Iida, Tetsuo; Suetake Isao, Tajima Shoji, Morioka Hiroshi, Ohta Satoshi, Obuse Chikashi, Tsurimoto Toshiki (October 2002). „PCNA clamp facilitates action of DNA cytosine methyltransferase 1 on hemimethylated DNA”. Genes Cells (England) 7 (10): 997–1007. DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2443.2002.00584.x. ISSN 1356-9597. PMID 12354094. 
  36. ↑ Chuang, L S; Ian H I, Koh T W, Ng H H, Xu G, Li B F (September 1997). „Human DNA-(cytosine-5) methyltransferase-PCNA complex as a target for p21WAF1”. Science (UNITED STATES) 277 (5334): 1996–2000. DOI:10.1126/science.277.5334.1996. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 9302295. 
  37. ↑ Milutinovic, Snezana; Zhuang Qianli, Szyf Moshe (June 2002). „Proliferating cell nuclear antigen associates with histone deacetylase activity, integrating DNA replication and chromatin modification”. J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 277 (23): 20974–20978. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M202504200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 11929879. 
  38. ↑ He, H; Tan C K, Downey K M, So A G (October 2001). „A tumor necrosis factor alpha- and interleukin 6-inducible protein that interacts with the small subunit of DNA polymerase delta and proliferating cell nuclear antigen”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (United States) 98 (21): 11979–11984. DOI:10.1073/pnas.221452098. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 59753. PMID 11593007. 
  39. ↑ Fan, Jinshui; Otterlei Marit, Wong Heng-Kuan, Tomkinson Alan E, Wilson David M (2004). „XRCC1 co-localizes and physically interacts with PCNA”. Nucleic Acids Res. (England) 32 (7): 2193–2201. DOI:10.1093/nar/gkh556. PMC 407833. PMID 15107487. 
  40. ↑ Serrano, M; Hannon G J, Beach D (December 1993). „A new regulatory motif in cell-cycle control causing specific inhibition of cyclin D/CDK4”. Nature (ENGLAND) 366 (6456): 704–707. DOI:10.1038/366704a0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 8259215. 
  41. ↑ Matheos, Diamanto; Ruiz Marcia T, Price Gerald B, Zannis-Hadjopoulos Maria (October 2002). „Ku antigen, an origin-specific binding protein that associates with replication proteins, is required for mammalian DNA replication”. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (Netherlands) 1578 (1–3): 59–72. DOI:10.1016/S0167-4781(02)00497-9. ISSN 0006-3002. PMID 12393188. 
  42. ↑ Komatsu, K; Wharton W, Hang H, Wu C, Singh S, Lieberman H B, Pledger W J, Wang H G (November 2000). „PCNA interacts with hHus1/hRad9 in response to DNA damage and replication inhibition”. Oncogene (ENGLAND) 19 (46): 5291–5297. DOI:10.1038/sj.onc.1203901. ISSN 0950-9232. PMID 11077446. 
  43. ↑ Smith, M L; Chen I T, Zhan Q, Bae I, Chen C Y, Gilmer T M, Kastan M B, O'Connor P M, Fornace A J (November 1994). „Interaction of the p53-regulated protein Gadd45 with proliferating cell nuclear antigen”. Science (UNITED STATES) 266 (5189): 1376–1380. DOI:10.1126/science.7973727. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 7973727. 
  44. ↑ Chen, I T; Smith M L, O'Connor P M, Fornace A J (November 1995). „Direct interaction of Gadd45 with PCNA and evidence for competitive interaction of Gadd45 and p21Waf1/Cip1 with PCNA”. Oncogene (ENGLAND) 11 (10): 1931–7. ISSN 0950-9232. PMID 7478510. 
  45. ↑ Vairapandi, M; Azam N, Balliet A G, Hoffman B, Liebermann D A (June 2000). „Characterization of MyD118, Gadd45, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) interacting domains. PCNA impedes MyD118 AND Gadd45-mediated negative growth control”. J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 275 (22): 16810–16819. DOI:10.1074/jbc.275.22.16810. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 10828065. 
  46. ↑ Hall, P A; Kearsey J M, Coates P J, Norman D G, Warbrick E, Cox L S (June 1995). „Characterisation of the interaction between PCNA and Gadd45”. Oncogene (ENGLAND) 10 (12): 2427–33. ISSN 0950-9232. PMID 7784094. 
  47. ↑ Yang, Q; Manicone A, Coursen J D, Linke S P, Nagashima M, Forgues M, Wang X W (November 2000). „Identification of a functional domain in a GADD45-mediated G2/M checkpoint”. J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 275 (47): 36892–36898. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M005319200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 10973963. 
  48. ↑ Lu, Xiaoqing; Tan Cheng-Keat, Zhou Jin-Qiu, You Min, Carastro L Michael, Downey Kathleen M, So Antero G (July 2002). „Direct interaction of proliferating cell nuclear antigen with the small subunit of DNA polymerase delta”. J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 277 (27): 24340–24345. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M200065200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 11986310. 
  49. ↑ Scott, M; Bonnefin P, Vieyra D, Boisvert F M, Young D, Bazett-Jones D P, Riabowol K (October 2001). „UV-induced binding of ING1 to PCNA regulates the induction of apoptosis”. J. Cell. Sci. (England) 114 (Pt 19): 3455–62. ISSN 0021-9533. PMID 11682605. 
  50. ↑ Haracska, L; Johnson R E, Unk I, Phillips B, Hurwitz J, Prakash L, Prakash S (November 2001). „Physical and functional interactions of human DNA polymerase eta with PCNA”. Mol. Cell. Biol. (United States) 21 (21): 7199–7206. DOI:10.1128/MCB.21.21.7199-7206.2001. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 99895. PMID 11585903. 
  51. ↑ Liu, Li; Rodriguez-Belmonte Esther M, Mazloum Nayef, Xie Bin, Lee Marietta Y W T (March 2003). „Identification of a novel protein, PDIP38, that interacts with the p50 subunit of DNA polymerase delta and proliferating cell nuclear antigen”. J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 278 (12): 10041–10047. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M208694200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12522211. 
  52. ↑ Hasan, S; Hassa P O, Imhof R, Hottiger M O (March 2001). „Transcription coactivator p300 binds PCNA and may have a role in DNA repair synthesis”. Nature (England) 410 (6826): 387–391. DOI:10.1038/35066610. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 11268218. 
  53. ↑ Fujise, K; Zhang D, Liu J, Yeh E T (December 2000). „Regulation of apoptosis and cell cycle progression by MCL1. Differential role of proliferating cell nuclear antigen”. J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 275 (50): 39458–39465. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M006626200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 10978339. 
  54. ↑ Ducoux, M; Urbach S, Baldacci G, Hübscher U, Koundrioukoff S, Christensen J, Hughes P (December 2001). „Mediation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-dependent DNA replication through a conserved p21(Cip1)-like PCNA-binding motif present in the third subunit of human DNA polymerase delta”. J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 276 (52): 49258–49266. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M106990200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 11595739. 
  55. ↑ 55,0 55,1 Watanabe, H; Pan Z Q, Schreiber-Agus N, DePinho R A, Hurwitz J, Xiong Y (February 1998). „Suppression of cell transformation by the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p57KIP2 requires binding to proliferating cell nuclear antigen”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (UNITED STATES) 95 (4): 1392–1397. DOI:10.1073/pnas.95.4.1392. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 19016. PMID 9465025. 
  56. ↑ Haracska, Lajos; Unk Ildiko, Johnson Robert E, Phillips Barbara B, Hurwitz Jerard, Prakash Louise, Prakash Satya (February 2002). „Stimulation of DNA synthesis activity of human DNA polymerase kappa by PCNA”. Mol. Cell. Biol. (United States) 22 (3): 784–791. DOI:10.1128/MCB.22.3.784-791.2002. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 133560. PMID 11784855. 
  57. ↑ Maga, Giovanni; Villani Giuseppe, Ramadan Kristijan, Shevelev Igor, Tanguy Le Gac Nicolas, Blanco Luis, Blanca Giuseppina, Spadari Silvio, Hübscher Ulrich (December 2002). „Human DNA polymerase lambda functionally and physically interacts with proliferating cell nuclear antigen in normal and translesion DNA synthesis”. J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 277 (50): 48434–48440. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M206889200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12368291. 
  58. ↑ Shimazaki, Noriko; Yoshida Kenta, Kobayashi Toshiko, Toji Shingo, Tamai Katsuyuki, Koiwai Osamu (July 2002). „Over-expression of human DNA polymerase lambda in E. coli and characterization of the recombinant enzyme”. Genes Cells (England) 7 (7): 639–651. DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2443.2002.00547.x. ISSN 1356-9597. PMID 12081642. 
  59. ↑ Motegi, Akira; Liaw Hung-Jiun, Lee Kyoo-Young, Roest Henk P, Maas Alex, Wu Xiaoli, Moinova Helen, Markowitz Sanford D, Ding Hao, Hoeijmakers Jan H J, Myung Kyungjae (August 2008). „Polyubiquitination of proliferating cell nuclear antigen by HLTF and SHPRH prevents genomic instability from stalled replication forks”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (United States) 105 (34): 12411–12416. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0805685105. PMC 2518831. PMID 18719106. 
  60. ↑ Unk, Ildiko; Hajdú Ildikó, Fátyol Károly, Hurwitz Jerard, Yoon Jung-Hoon, Prakash Louise, Prakash Satya, Haracska Lajos (March 2008). „Human HLTF functions as a ubiquitin ligase for proliferating cell nuclear antigen polyubiquitination”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (United States) 105 (10): 3768–3773. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0800563105. PMC 2268824. PMID 18316726. 
  61. ↑ Brun, Jan; Chiu Roland, Lockhart Katherine, Xiao Wei, Wouters Bradly G, Gray Douglas A (2008). „hMMS2 serves a redundant role in human PCNA polyubiquitination”. BMC Mol. Biol. (England) 9: 24. DOI:10.1186/1471-2199-9-24. PMC 2263069. PMID 18284681. 
  62. ↑ Rual, Jean-François; Venkatesan Kavitha, Hao Tong, Hirozane-Kishikawa Tomoko, Dricot Amélie, Li Ning, Berriz Gabriel F, Gibbons Francis D, Dreze Matija, Ayivi-Guedehoussou Nono, Klitgord Niels, Simon Christophe, Boxem Mike, Milstein Stuart, Rosenberg Jennifer, Goldberg Debra S, Zhang Lan V, Wong Sharyl L, Franklin Giovanni, Li Siming, Albala Joanna S, Lim Janghoo, Fraughton Carlene, Llamosas Estelle, Cevik Sebiha, Bex Camille, Lamesch Philippe, Sikorski Robert S, Vandenhaute Jean, Zoghbi Huda Y, Smolyar Alex, Bosak Stephanie, Sequerra Reynaldo, Doucette-Stamm Lynn, Cusick Michael E, Hill David E, Roth Frederick P, Vidal Marc (October 2005). „Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network”. Nature (England) 437 (7062): 1173–1178. DOI:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. 
  63. ↑ Frouin, Isabelle; Maga Giovanni, Denegri Marco, Riva Federica, Savio Monica, Spadari Silvio, Prosperi Ennio, Scovassi A Ivana (October 2003). „Human proliferating cell nuclear antigen, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1, and p21waf1/cip1. A dynamic exchange of partners”. J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 278 (41): 39265–39268. DOI:10.1074/jbc.C300098200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12930846. 
  64. ↑ Gulbis, J M; Kelman Z, Hurwitz J, O'Donnell M, Kuriyan J (October 1996). „Structure of the C-terminal region of p21(WAF1/CIP1) complexed with human PCNA”. Cell (UNITED STATES) 87 (2): 297–306. DOI:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81347-1. ISSN 0092-8674. PMID 8861913. 
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  67. ↑ Ciccia, A; Nimonkar, AV; Hu, Y; Hajdu, I; Achar, YJ; Izhar, L; Petit, SA; Adamson, B; Yoon, JC; Kowalczykowski, SC; Livingston, DM; Haracska, L; Elledge, SJ (Aug 10, 2012). „Polyubiquitinated PCNA recruits the ZRANB3 translocase to maintain genomic integrity after replication stress.”. Molecular cell 47 (3): 396–409. DOI:10.1016/j.molcel.2012.05.024. PMID 22704558. 
  68. ↑ Bacquin, A; Pouvelle, C; Siaud, N; Perderiset, M; Salomé-Desnoulez, S; Tellier-Lebegue, C; Lopez, B; Charbonnier, JB; Kannouche, PL (Jul 2013). „The helicase FBH1 is tightly regulated by PCNA via CRL4(Cdt2)-mediated proteolysis in human cells.”. Nucleic acids research 41 (13): 6501–13. DOI:10.1093/nar/gkt397. PMID 23677613. 

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