Claude Monet
Claude Monet | |
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![]() Claude Monet, gambar oleh Nadar, tahun 1899. | |
Kelahiran | Oscar-Claude Monet 14 November 1840 Paris, France |
Meninggal dunia | 5 Disember 1926 Giverny, France | (umur 86)
Warganegara | Perancis |
Terkenal kerana | Pelukis |
Karya terkenal | Impression, soleil levant siri Rouen Cathedral siri London Parliament Water Lilies Haystacks Poplars |
Gerakan politik | Impresionisme |
Penaung | Gustave Caillebotte, Ernest Hoschedé, Georges Clemenceau |
Claude Monet (14 November 1840 – 5 December 1926) ialah seorang pengasas lukisan Impresionisme Perancis. Beliau merupakan pengamal tekal falsafah meluahkan tanggapan pelukis tentang alam semula jadi, terutamanya dalam lukisan landskap luar (plein-air) pergerakan itu dan menghasilkan banyak karya dalam genre tersebut.[1][2] Perkataan "Impressionism" merupakan terbitan daripada judul lukisannya, Impression, soleil levant ("Impression, terbit matahari").
Paris dan Giverney
[sunting | sunting sumber]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Pierre_August_Renoir%2C_Claude_Monet_Reading.jpg/200px-Pierre_August_Renoir%2C_Claude_Monet_Reading.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Claude_Monet%2C_Impression%2C_soleil_levant%2C_1872.jpg/220px-Claude_Monet%2C_Impression%2C_soleil_levant%2C_1872.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Claude_Monet_River_Scene_at_Bennecourt%2C_Seine.jpg/220px-Claude_Monet_River_Scene_at_Bennecourt%2C_Seine.jpg)
Pada tahun 1862 Monet menuntut di bawah Charles Gleyre di Paris, di mana beliau bertemu Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Frederic Bazille dan Alfred Sisley. Mereka bersama-sama berkongsi pendekatan baharu terhadap seni lukis, melukis kesan cahaya ("plein air") dengan warna berbintik dan coretan pantas, yang kemudiannya dikenali sebagai Impresionisme.
Pada tahun 1872, beliau melukis Impression, soleil levant ("Impression, terbit matahari" ) yang menggambarkan pemandangan pelabuhan Le Havre. Lukisan ini dipamerkan pada tahun 1874 dalam pameran lukisan Impresionis pertama. Pengkritik seni Louis Leroy membuat kata ciptaan Impressionism daripada tajuk lukisan Monet; Leroy mencipta perkatan tersebut untuk mencemuh gaya pelukis Impresionisme, akan tetapi perkataannya telah diambil oleh para Impresionis sebagai gelaran pergerakan seni mereka.
Monet gemar melukis pemandangan semula jadi terkawal: taman bunga miliknya di Giverny, dengan bunga telepok, tasik, dan jambatan. Beliau juga melukis tebing sungai Seine, dan menghasilkan lukisan seperti Break-up of the ice on the Seine ("Pencairan ais di sungai Seine"). Beliau menulis pesanan harian kepada tukang kebunnya, atur letak persisi bagi tanaman dan catatan berkaitan pembelian bunga serta himpunan buku-buku botani. Taman Monet berkembang seiring dengan kemewahannya dan beliau merupakan ahli seni landskap tamannya mahupun beliau menggaji tujuh orang taukang kebun.[3]
Galeri
[sunting | sunting sumber]Lukisan awal
[sunting | sunting sumber]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Monet_dejeunersurlherbe.jpg/220px-Monet_dejeunersurlherbe.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Claude_Monet_-_Woman_with_a_Parasol_-_Madame_Monet_and_Her_Son_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Claude_Monet_-_Woman_with_a_Parasol_-_Madame_Monet_and_Her_Son_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg)
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View At Rouelles, Le Havre ("Pemandangan di Rouelles, Le Havre") 1858, Koleksi peribadi.
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Claude Monet - Mouth of the Seine, 1865, The Norton Simon Foundation, Pasadena, CA
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The Woman in the Green Dress, (Camille Doncieux), 1866, Kunsthalle Bremen Bremen.
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Le déjeuner sur l'herbe, 1865–1866, The Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow.
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Flowering Garden at Sainte-Adresse, 1866, Musée d'Orsay, Paris.
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Women in a Garden, 1866–1867, Musée d'Orsay, Paris.
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Woman in a Garden, 1867, Hermitage, St. Petersburg
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Jardin à Sainte-Adresse, 1867, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City
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The Luncheon, 1868, Städel Museum, Frankfurt
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Pheasant, 1869. Koleksi peribadi.
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The Magpie, 1868–1869. Musée d'Orsay, Paris.
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Seine Basin with Argenteuil, 1872, Musée d'Orsay, Paris.
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Springtime (1872). The Walters Art Museum, Baltimore.
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Jean Monet on his hobby horse, 1872, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
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Camille Monet on a Garden Bench, 1873, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
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The Artist's house at Argenteuil, 1873, The Art Institute of Chicago
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Poppies Blooming, 1873, Musée d'Orsay, Paris.
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Train in the Snow, 1875, Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris.
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Madame Monet in a Japanese Costume, 1875, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
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Camille Monet at her tapestry loom, 1875, Barnes Foundation, Merion, PA
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Argenteuil, 1875, Musée de l'Orangerie, Paris.
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The Boat Studio, 1876, Barnes Foundation, Merion, Philadelphia.
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Saint Lazare Train Station, Paris, 1877, The Art Institute of Chicago
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Rue Montorgueil, 1878, Musée d'Orsay, Paris.
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Vétheuil in the Fog, 1879, Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris.
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Camille Monet on her deathbed, 1879, Musée d'Orsay, Paris.
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Street in Vétheuil in Winter, 1879, Gothenburg Museum of Art
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Lavacourt: Sunshine and Snow, 1879–1880 National Gallery, London
Lukisan terkemudian
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The Artist's Garden at Vétheuil, 1880, National Gallery of Art
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The Lindens of Poissy, 1882
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La maison du pêcheur à Varengeville (The Fisherman's house at Varengeville), 1882, Museum Boymans-van Beuningen, Rotterdam
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Rock Arch West of Étretat (The Manneport), 1883, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
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The Cliffs at Etretat, 1885, Clark Art Institute, Williamstown, Massachusetts
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Still-Life with Anemones, 1885
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Claude Monet - Bordighera, 1884, The Art Institute of Chicago, Illinois
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Study of a Figure Outdoors: Woman with a Parasol, facing left, 1886. The pictured woman is Suzanne Hoschedé (c. 1864-1899), eldest daughter of Alice Hoschedé, second wife of Claude Monet, Musée d'Orsay.
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The Port Coton Pyramids, 1886
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Oat and Poppy Field, Giverny, 1890
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Haystacks, (sunset), 1890–1891, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
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The Seine at Giverny, 1897, National Gallery of Art
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Charing Cross Bridge, 1899, Collection Carmen Thyssen-Bornemisza, Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, Madrid
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Bridge over a Pond of Water Lilies, 1899, Metropolitan Museum of Art
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Poplars on the Epte, 1900, National Gallery of Scotland, Edinburgh
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The Garden in Flower, 1900
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Garden Path, 1902, Österreichische Galerie Belvedere
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Water Lilies, 1906, Art Institute of Chicago
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Water Lilies, 1907, Bridgestone Museum of Art, Tokyo
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Palace From Mula, Venice, 1908, National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.
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The Grand Canal, Venice 1908, Boston Museum of Fine Arts
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Nympheas, 1915, Neue Pinakothek, Munich
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Nympheas, 1915, Musée Marmottan Monet
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Water Lilies, 1916, The National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo
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Water Lilies and Reflections of a Willow (1916–19), Musée Marmottan Monet
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Water-Lily Pond and Weeping Willow, 1916–1919
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Water Lilies, 1917–1919, Honolulu Museum of Art
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Weeping Willow, 1918–1919
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Weeping Willow, 1918–1919, Kimball Art Museum, Fort Worth
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Water Lilies, 1919, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City
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Sea-Roses (Yellow Nirwana), 1920, The National Gallery, London
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The Rose-Way in Giverny, 1920–1922, Musée Marmottan Monet
Pautan
[sunting | sunting sumber]Rujukan
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ House, John, et al.: Monet in the 20th century, page 2, Yale University Press, 1998.
- ^ "Claude MONET biography". Giverny.org. 2 December 2009. Dicapai pada 5 June 2012.
- ^ Garrett, Robert (20 May 2007). "Monet's gardens a draw to Giverny and to his art". Globe Correspondents. Dicapai pada 13 October 2008.
Bacaan lanjut
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Howard, Michael The Treasures of Monet. (Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris, 2007).
- Kendall, Richard Monet by Himself, (Macdonald & Co 1989, updated Time Warner Books 2004), ISBN 0-316-72801-2
- Tucker, Paul Hayes, Monet in the '90s. (Museum of Fine Arts in association with Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 1989).
- Tucker, Paul Hayes Claude Monet: Life and Art Amilcare Pizzi, Italy 1995 ISBN 0-300-06298-2
- Tucker, Paul Hayes, Monet in the 20th century. (Royal Academy of Arts, London, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston and Yale University press. 1998).
Pautan luar
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Wikipetik mempunyai koleksi petikan mengenai: Claude Monet |
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Wikimedia Commons mempunyai media berkaitan Claude Monet |
- Templat:MoMA artist
- Claude Monet by himself, intermonet.com
- Claude Monet paintings, media & interactive timeline, mootnotes.com
- Claude Monet: life and paintings Diarkibkan 2014-12-18 di Wayback Machine
- Comparison of reproductions of Monet, kasrl.org
- Monet at Giverny
- Photos of Monet's grave
- The Unknown Monet exhibition Diarkibkan 2015-01-14 di Wayback Machine – view sketchbooks, clarkart.edu
- Union List of Artist Names, Getty Vocabularies.
- Karya oleh atau mengenai Claude Monet di perpustakaan (katalog WorldCat)
- Claude Monet Works
- Rencana dengan pengenalan AAG
- Rencana dengan pengenalan NGV
- AC dengan 36 elemen
- Halaman menggunakan kawalan kewibawaan dengan parameter semua sepadan dengan Wikidata
- Claude Monet
- 1840 births
- 1926 deaths
- Alumni of the École des Beaux-Arts
- Artists from Paris
- Cancer deaths in France
- Deaths from lung cancer
- French painters
- Impressionist painters
- People from Le Havre
- French Impressionist painters