[en] A summary is given of the progress during the last several years in the technology of sources of high charge state positive heavy ions and negative heavy ions. Subjects covered include recent results in ECR and EBIS source development and comparison of various source types for high charge state heavy ions. 55 references

[en] Fresh cut flowers including yellow and white chrysanthemum (chrysanthemum sp) and red carnation (Dianthus caryophylus L) were electron beam irradiated as quarantine treatment. The results showed that the irradiated flowers could meet the phytosanitary requirements in the international solutions in order to increase their radio-tolerance and expand their vase-life. The pretreatment has also reduced the weight loss, browning rate of leaves, and brightness of the irradiated flowers. The results revealed that the commercial quality of the irradiated cut flowers pretreated with 2% glucose solution 2 hours, then 0.024% silver thiosulphate (STS) solution for further 2 hours was remained after storage at 4-6°C. Pre-treatment with 2% glucose and 0.024% STS before irradiation at 400 Gy and 600 Gy was chosen as the best way for improving the raditain tolerance of the cut flowers. The vase-lifes of the irradiated cut flowers are 6 days for yellow chrysanthemum; 8 days for white chrysanthemum and 8-10 days for red carnation similar to non-irradiation ones. (author)

[en] This paper gives an introduction into the topic of primary ion sources that can be used to feed ions of normally solid elements into EBIS devices. Starting with a set of typical requirements for primary ion sources, some major types of ion generators are discussed first, with emphasis on their working principles rather than trying to give a fully representative listing of used and proposed generators. Beam-transport issues between primary ion source and EBIS are then examined, and generic characteristics of suitable beam-formation and transport systems are explained

[en] Sources of high charge state positive ions have uses in a variety of research fields. For heavy ion particle accelerators higher charge state particles give greater acceleration per gap and greater bending strength in a magnet. Thus higher energies can be obtained from circular accelerators of a given size, and linear accelerators can be designed with higher energy gain per length using higher charge state ions. In atomic physics the many atomic transitions in highly charged ions supplies a wealth of spectroscopy data. High charge state ion beams are also used for charge exchange and crossed beam experiments. High charge state ion sources are reviewed

No abstract available

[en] A review of state and development of ion sources for accelerators with emphasis on the production of intense and high charge state ion beams is given. Various ion sources are described and compared. (author)

[en] Ion source is a main part of compact neutron generator to product deuteron ions for bombarding deuterium or tritium target and subsequently induce D-D or D-T fusion reactions and yields fast neutrons. Among ion source types usually used in compact neutron generator are RF type ion source and Penning type ion source. Comparative study of RF ion source and Penning ion source for compact neutron generator has been done. From the study it is concluded that RF ion source has higher power consumption than Penning ion source (~ 2 times). The efficiency of RF ion source is higher because the ions produced by RF ion source are mostly atomic ions (>80 %) whereas the ions produced by Penning ion source are mostly molecular ions and only little amount (<10 %) are atomic ions. Therefore RF ion source has higher neutron yield than Penning ion source. (author)

[en] An improved ion source of high intensity is described. The source is smaller than previous ion sources and has higher efficiency. (OT)

[en] Ion sources are being applied increasingly in many areas of physica snd technology, from basic research in nuclear and atomic physics to energy research, isotope separation, implantation technology, surface processing and analysis all the way to biomedicine. It is impossible within the framework of this discussion to provide a comprehensive survey of the variety of available source types. The function and problems of the types important for high-frequency accelerators are to be explained using a few individual examples in order to stimulate a basic understanding for this technically sophisticated and little-known equipment. The sources discussed here supply single or multiple positively charged ions. 54 refs., 18 figs

[en] Oligochitosan (COS) was prepared by gamma Co-60 irradiation of chitosan/H₂O₂ solutions and mixed with cornstarch to form the powder with content of 100 000 mg COS/kg. The striped catfish (P. hypophthalmus) was fed with diets containing 100 mg COS/kg feed for 9 months at pond culture. The effects of COS supplementation on growth performance, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and survival rate of striped catfish fed with 100 mg COS/kg were significantly improved and the FCR decreased. The average weight gain, survival rate and FCR of striped catfish fed with diets containing COS were 971 ± 85 gram, 83.19 ± 0.35% and 1.477 ± 0.013 in comparison with 896 ± 78 gram, 78.43 ± 0.64 % and 1.578 ± 0.038 of control group, respectively. Thus, COS can be potentially utilized as immunostimulants and growth promoter for aquaculture. (author)