Surat kabar acuan
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Surat kabar acuan (newspaper of record) adalah surat kabar besar yang memiliki sirkulasi besar, fungsi editorial dan pengumpulan beritanya dianggap profesional dan biasanya dapat dipertanggungjawabkan. Sebuah surat kabar acuan bisa juga muncul dalam bentuk surat kabar masyarakat yang diizinkan atau dioperasikan oleh pemerintah untuk menerbitkan pemberitahuan masyarakat atau pemberitahuan hukum, lantas layak disebut "surat kabar acuan masyarakat".[1]
Makna lain
[sunting | sunting sumber]"Surat kabar acuan" jenis kedua (disebut juga "harian acuan" atau Presse de référence dalam bahasa Prancis) tidak memiliki kriteria resmi dan ciri-cirinya beragam. Jenis kedua ini terdiri dari surat kabar yang dianggap memiliki standar jurnalisme tinggi ketimbang media cetak lainnya, termasuk kebebasan editorial dan akurasinya, dan biasanya terkenal di seluruh dunia.[2][3] Meski masyarakat mengalami perubahan, surat kabar seperti ini sejak dulu memiliki gaya, model liputan, dan tradisi yang sama.[2]
Asal istilah
[sunting | sunting sumber]Istilah ini diyakini bermula di kalangan pustakawan yang menyebut The New York Times sebagai "surat kabar acuan" setelah harian tersebut menerbitkan indeks topik artikelnya pada tahun 1913.[4] Untuk meramaikan penggunaan istilah ini, The Times mengadakan kontes esai pada tahun 1927 dengan topik "Nilai Indeks dan Berkas The New York Times Sebagai Surat Kabar Acuan". The Times dan harian sejenisnya kemudian merangkum berbagai peristiwa, pengumuman, jadwal, direktori, proseding, transkrip, dan rapat setiap harinya. The Times saat ini tidak lagi tergolong surat kabar acuan menurut makna aslinya.[5]
Seiring waktu, sejarawan mulai bergantung pada The Times dan koran lainnya sebagai sumber arsip peristiwa lampau yang tepercaya sekaligus kumpulan opini masyarakat pada tiap tahun terbitnya. Istilah "surat kabar acuan" lantas berubah dari makna aslinya menjadi makna umum yang dipahami saat ini.[4]
Contoh
[sunting | sunting sumber]Referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ Martin, Shannon E. (1998). Newspapers of Record in a Digital Age: From Hot Type to Hot Link. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers. hlm. 1. ISBN 0-275-95960-0.
- ^ a b Salles, Chloë (January 2010). "Media Coverage of the Internet: An Acculturation Strategy for Press of Record?" (PDF). Innovation Journalism. 7 (1): 5. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2016-03-03. Diakses tanggal 2015-02-18.
- ^ Martin, Shannon (1998). Newspapers of Record in a Digital Age: From Hot Type to Hot Link. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers. hlm. 6, 27, 31. ISBN 0275959600.
- ^ a b Martin, Shannon E. (1998). Newspapers of record in a digital age: from hot type to hot link. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers. hlm. 7. ISBN 0-275-95960-0.
- ^ Okrent, Daniel. "THE PUBLIC EDITOR; Paper of Record? No Way, No Reason, No Thanks". The New York TImes. Diakses tanggal 18 April 2013.
- ^ Vigón, Mercedes (July 12, 2013). "Journalism ethics is 'personal and non-transferable'" (Wawancara). Wawancara dengan International Press Institute. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-02-18.
- ^ "What We're Reading". The New York Times. 14 October 2011. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-05-06. Diakses tanggal 6 May 2014.
- ^ Simons, Margaret; Buller, Bradley (December 2013). "Journals of Record - Measure of Quality, or Dead Concept?" (PDF). Centre for Advancing Journalism, University of Melbourne. Diarsipkan (PDF) dari versi asli tanggal 2014-05-06. Diakses tanggal 6 May 2014.
- ^ "Die Presse - Die Geschichte". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-02-06. Diakses tanggal 2015-02-18.
- ^ "Die Presse". Encyclopædia Britannica. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-10-13. Diakses tanggal 2015-02-18.
- ^ "The Daily Star". infoasaid.org. Diakses tanggal 2014-05-18.[pranala nonaktif permanen]
- ^ "O Estado de S. Paulo". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Diakses tanggal 10 October 2013.
It is the...country’s newspaper of record. O Estado is sometimes called the “New York Times of Latin America” because of its grave editorial demeanour.
- ^ Fabricio, Roberto (16 April 1992). "Brazilian Officers Issue Manifesto". Sun-Sentinel. Diakses tanggal 10 October 2013.
The statement, published on Tuesday by O Estado de Sao Paulo, Brazil`s newspaper of record, was datelined in Fortaleza, a mid-sized city in northeastern Brazil.
- ^ "The press in Belgium". BBC News. 2005-11-16.
- ^ "The Globe and Mail". Encyclopædia Britannica.
- ^ "CANADIAN STUDIES RESOURCES - Canadian Studies Databases and Indexes". Michigan Canadian Studies Roundtable. 2006-09-05. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2008-07-08. Diakses tanggal 2015-02-18.
- ^ Agence France-Presse (2009-01-11). "Globe and Mail to cut jobs". The Straits Times. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2009-01-30. Diakses tanggal 2010-01-17.
- ^ "What's behind the shake up at 'Canada's newspaper of record'?". rabble.ca. 2009-06-02. Diakses tanggal 2010-01-17.
- ^ Buchanan, Carrie (March 2009). Gasher, Mike, ed. "Sense of Place in the Daily Newspaper" (PDF). Aether: The Journal of Media Geography. 4: 62–84 [70]. Diakses tanggal 14 October 2012.
[T]he Toronto-based Globe and Mail has had the kind of success in Canada that the New York Times had enjoyed in the U.S., as the leading 'newspaper of record' with a national readership.
- ^ Jiwani, Yasmin (2009). "Helpless Maidens and Chivalrous Knights: Afghan Women in the Canadian Press". University of Toronto Quarterly. 2. 78: 728–744.
This essay interrogates representations of Afghan women in the Globe and Mail, Canada's major English-language daily and newspaper of record.
- ^ Roger Keil, S. Harris Ali (2011). Networked Disease: Emerging Infections in the Global City. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 144439911X. Diakses tanggal 14 October 2012.
- ^ "Where's Mario". Maclean's. 2008-08-25. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-01-26. Diakses tanggal 2010-01-17.
- ^ "Endorsements, opinions flourish in Quebec". cbc.ca. 2008-10-10. Diakses tanggal 2010-01-17.
- ^ "El fenómeno de Bachelet pone en jaque a la derecha chilena". BBC Mundo. 2013-11-07. Diakses tanggal 2014-02-21.
- ^ Lanchester, John (2008). Family Romance: A Love Story. 0143112953: Penguin. hlm. 140.
The clippings are from the South China Morning Post, the paper of record in Hong Kong
- ^ Middle East Institute, 1950, p. 155.|quote=Al Ahram is... what The Times is to Englishmen and the New York Times to Americans
- ^ Perreault, Gregory (2011). "Islam is Everywhere": Coverage of Islam in the English Egyptian Press". Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly: 14. Diakses tanggal 10 October 2013.
This is significant because the state-run Al Ahram is considered the paper of record in Egypt
- ^ Le Figaro opts for freemium web model, The Guardian
- ^ Le Figaro (French newspaper), Encyclopædia Britannica
- ^ "Le Monde, whose print edition comes out around lunchtime, was launched at the end of Nazi occupation of France in 1944 and took on the role of France's newspaper of record alongside the more conservative Le Figaro." - France's Le Monde newspaper editor quits after power struggle with staff Diarsipkan 2014-10-18 di Wayback Machine., Reuters, May the 14th, 2014
- ^ Thomas Fuller (2003-08-25). "World of Le Monde looks set to expand". International Herald Tribune.
- ^ "France profile". BBC News. 12 January 2014. Diakses tanggal 24 January 2014.
Le Monde - respected national daily, considered to be France's newspaper of record
- ^ "German language reform resisted". The Washington Times. 29 May 2004.
- ^ "Look back at the Britannica Calendar of Events to find out what happened in the year 2000". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Diakses tanggal 27 March 2010.
- ^ Greece - Post Report - e Diplomat
- ^ Wilke, Mary; Manicini, Lawrence; Leonard, Spencer (Fall 2007). "Some recent CRL acquisitions related to colonial India". Centre for Research Libraries - Focus on Global Resources. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2009-09-15. Diakses tanggal 2015-02-18.
- ^ The Politics of Post-Suharto Indonesia - Google Books
- ^ Kompas Group Is Back on TV, This Time With Local Partners - The Jakarta Globe
- ^ Iran Media Guide - Tehran Bureau | FRONTLINE | PBS
- ^ Journalism in Iran: From Mission to Profession - Hossein Shahidi - Google Books
- ^ Dwan, David (April 2009). "The Irish Times, book review". The London Standard. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-05-27. Diakses tanggal 26 May 2014.
Today, the Irish Times is one of Ireland’s most authoritative journals – the newspaper of record for political and intellectual elites from Mayo to Monkstown. Mark O’Brien provides a detailed and colourful account of this transformation. His history of the Irish Times is also the story of modern Ireland: it tracks the newspaper’s sceptical response to the emergence of the Free State in 1922 and the declaration of the Republic in 1949; it also examines its fractious relationship with the nation’s governments and political figureheads from Eamon de Valera (whom the paper repeatedly compared to Hitler) to Bertie Ahern.
- ^ Israel — Hebrew- and English-Language Media Guide Open Source Center (16 September 2008)
- ^ Gregory Levey (21 August 2008). "Pushing right-wing American politics — in Israel". Salon. Diakses tanggal 24 January 2014.
In the past few months, Haaretz, Israel’s paper of record, has run a series of articles expressing misgivings about outside influence.
- ^ Brant Rosen (11 May 2010). "Alan Dershowitz and the Politics of Desperation". The Huffington Post. Diakses tanggal 24 January 2014.
Recent polling, alongside articles in both the New York Times and the Israeli paper of record, Ha'aretz, indicate that the American Jewish community no longer feels represented by our so-called representatives - if we ever did.
- ^ Gershom Gorenberg (September 2002). "The Thin Green Line". Mother Jones. Diakses tanggal 24 January 2014.
In late January, the declaration ran as an ad in Ha’aretz, the national paper of record...
- ^ Israely, Jeff; Macleod, Scott (1 June 2003). "Editing Out Criticism". Time. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-08-27. Diakses tanggal 2015-02-18.
- ^ Grove, Lloyd (6 February 1998). "Diplomatic Affinity". Los Angeles Times.
- ^ a b c d Merrill, John C. (June 2000). "Les quotidiens de référence dans le monde" (PDF). Les cahiers du journalisme (dalam bahasa French). Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2016-03-04. Diakses tanggal 22 January 2014.
- ^ [1] Diarsipkan 2008-09-07 di Wayback Machine. - Retrieved 14 March 2005.
- ^ Benesch, Susan (21 March 2013). "The Kenyan Elections: Peace Happened". The Huffington Post. Diakses tanggal 10 October 2013.
Kenya's newspaper of record, the Daily Nation, published a banner headline "Never Again" over an editorial with a sharp, eloquent warning
- ^ a b Christopher, H. Sterling. "A - C., Volume 1". Encyclopedia of Journalism. hlm. 108.
- ^ Waterfield, Bruno (4 March 2010). "Geert Wilders on course to be next Dutch prime minister". The Daily Telegraph.
- ^ [2], Journalism.co.uk
- ^ "JN é o diário em que mais portugueses confiam, revela o Instituto Reuters". Jornal de Notícias. 16 June 2020. Diakses tanggal 6 August 2020.
- ^ "Danas". presseurop. 21 May 2012. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-12-27. Diakses tanggal 18 December 2013.
Left leaning, Danas has become the independent daily of record in Serbia ...
- ^ "Grigorev Commentary in Politika: Serbs Vote is Pragmatic". The Bulletin Arcadia University. 1 February 2011. Diakses tanggal 18 December 2013.
... wrote a commentary in the Jan. 26 issue of Politika, the Serbian newspaper of record and the oldest daily in the Balkans.
- ^ Dediu, Horace (19 May 2012). "An interview with Kenney Ho of The Chosun Daily of Korea". Asymco. Diakses tanggal 10 October 2013.
The Chosunilbo “has a history of 90 years, has been the most dominant, and influential paper of all time in Korea. It is the No.1 newspaper company in Korea with more than 1.8 million circulation, firmly holding the largest market possession. The paper is recognized Asianwide, where there are many readers in Japan and China.”
- ^ Phillips, Lindsay (18 December 2002). "Spanish and U.S. Relationship During the "War on Terror"". EU Notes — Texas A&M University. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2010-06-15. Diakses tanggal 2015-02-18.
- ^ "PRESIDENT'S INTERVIEW WITH AL-ARABIYA RECEIVES GOOD COVERAGE IN SWEDEN". Diakses tanggal 10 October 2013.
Paper of record Dagens Nyheter gave limited coverage, on the paper's website.
- ^ "Immigrants outraged over Sweden's racial profiling". The Standard. 15 March 2013. Diakses tanggal 10 October 2013.
Dagens Nyheter, Sweden's paper of record.
- ^ "Neue Zürcher Zeitung". Encyclopædia Britannica. Diakses tanggal 2012-08-30.
- ^ "Reports: Israel to apologize for flotilla raid - Neal Ungerleider - Falafel Mafia - True/Slant". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-10-30. Diakses tanggal 2015-02-18.
- ^ a b "The UK's 'other paper of record'". BBC News. 2004-01-19. Diakses tanggal 2009-03-21.
- ^ "Times Digital Archive". Luton Libraries. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-02-25. Diakses tanggal 2012-01-26.
- ^ "The New York Times". Encyclopædia Britannica.