Human papillomavirus
Human papillomavirus | ||||||||||||||
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Classification scientific | ||||||||||||||
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de "Human papillomaviros": | ||||||||||||||
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Human papillomavirus (HPV) (accurtamento pro virus del papilloma human) es un virus del familia Papillomaviridae qui es pathogene in humanes. Son contagiose inter humanes per contact del pelle o mucosas. Pote se manifestar per condylomas (verrucas).
Se estima que de 70 % ad 80 % del adultos in copulo sera infectate per un papillomavirus[3][4]. Le majoritate del casos es asymptomatic ma alcun cippos son cancerogene (principalmente HPV-16, -18, -31 e -33). Papillomaviros son implicate in plus que 90 % del canceres del cervice uterin[5] ma alsi altere canceres como le cancere del gula (gorga).
Es importante vaccinar le preadolescentes (pueras e pueros, typicamente inter 9 e 14 annos) contra papillomaviros cancerogene pro proteger les de futur canceres.[6]
Classification
[modificar | modificar fonte]Se denombra plus de 200 genotypos differente de papillomaviros cuje 120 potente infectar humanes.[3] Iste ultimes appartine a differente generes identificate per un character grec: Alphapapillomavirus, Betapapillomavirus, Gammapapillomavirus, Mupapillomavirus e Nupapillomavirus.[7]
Per exemplo:
- αPV 5: HPV-51, -82, etc.
- αPV 6: HPV-56, etc.
- αPV 7: HPV-18, -39, -45, -59, -68, etc.
- αPV 9: HPV-16, -31, -33, -35, -52, -58, etc.
- αPV 11: HPV-73, etc.
Pathogenicitate
[modificar | modificar fonte]Cippos HPV-16, -18, -31, -33, -35, -39, -45, -51, -52, -56, -58, -59, -68, -73 e -82 pote generar precancerose lesiones. HPV-6 e 11, inter alteres, son responsabile de condyloma acuminate o verruca genital.[8]
De plus, le HPV-5 pote generar pelle carcinomas in patientes affectate de epidermodysplasia verruciforme (EV).[9]
Prevention
[modificar | modificar fonte]Hodie, existe un vaccino protegente contra le cippos le plus pathogene: HPV-6, -11, -16, -18, -31, -33, -45, -52 e -58.[10]
Juvenes debe esser vaccinate ante lor prime contamination (typicamente inter 9 e 14 annos).[6]
Referentias
[modificar fonte]- ↑ [https://ictv.global/report/chapter/papillomaviridae/papillomaviridae/alphapapillomavirus Subfamily: Firstpapillomavirinae Genus: Alphapapillomavirus]. ictv.global..
- ↑ https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2010.001a-kkkV.A.v2.Papillomaviridae.pdf
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/maladies-et-traumatismes/maladies-a-prevention-vaccinale/infections-a-papillomavirus/la-maladie/#tabs
- ↑ https://www.liberation.fr/societe/sante/papillomavirus-un-tiers-des-hommes-de-plus-de-quinze-ans-sont-porteurs-dans-le-monde-20230817_BKWXSADWOBGLDHZORKSVBPNJ54/
- ↑ doi:10.3389/fpubh.2020.552028
- ↑ 6,0 6,1 https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/human-papilloma-virus-and-cancer
- ↑ https://ictv.global/taxonomy
- ↑ https://depistage.be/ist/hpv/
- ↑ doi:10.1051/medsci/2008245454
- ↑ https://www.mesvaccins.net/web/vaccines/523-gardasil-9