Liá-piên "Thùng" ke ya̍p-mien he pha̍k-fa-sṳ, yû hon-sṳ lièn-kiet"" ke ya̍p-mien chhai liá-hong tiám-chhut.

Thùng (銅) he yit-chúng fa-ho̍k ngièn-su, fù-ho Cu, ngièn-chṳ́ su-muk he 29.

Thùng,  29Cu
ngoi-kôn
red-orange metallic luster

Native copper (~4 cm in size)
Kî-pún sin-sit
Miàng, fù-ho Thùng, Cu
Yîn-ngî copper
ngoi-hìn red-orange metallic luster
Thùng chhai chû-khì-péu ke vi-chi
Khiâng (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Hoi (hî-yù hi-thí)
Lithium (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Beryllium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Phìn (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Than (tô-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Tham (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Yông (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Fuk (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Nái (hî-yù hi-thí)
Na̍p (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Magnesium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Lî (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Si̍t (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Lìn (tô-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Liù-vòng (tô-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Liu̍k (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Argon (hî-yù hi-thí)
Kap (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Koi (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Scandium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Titanium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Vanadium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Chromium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Manganese (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Thiet (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Cobalt (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Nickel (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Thùng (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Â-yèn (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Gallium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Germanium (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Phî (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Selenium (tô-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Chhiu (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Krypton (hî-yù hi-thí)
Rubidium (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Strontium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Yttrium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Zirconium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Niobium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Molybdenum (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Technetium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Ruthenium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Rhodium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Palladium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Ngiùn (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Cadmium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Indium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Siak (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Antimony (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Tellurium (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Tién (sûng-ngièn-chṳ́ fî-kîm-su̍k)
Xenon (hî-yù hi-thí)
Caesium (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Barium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Lanthanum (lanthanum-hi)
Cerium (lanthanum-hi)
Praseodymium (lanthanum-hi)
Neodymium (lanthanum-hi)
Promethium (lanthanum-hi)
Samarium (lanthanum-hi)
Europium (lanthanum-hi)
Gadolinium (lanthanum-hi)
Terbium (lanthanum-hi)
Dysprosium (lanthanum-hi)
Holmium (lanthanum-hi)
Erbium (lanthanum-hi)
Thulium (lanthanum-hi)
Ytterbium (lanthanum-hi)
Lutetium (lanthanum-hi)
Hafnium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Tantalum (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Tungsten (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Rhenium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Osmium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Iridium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Pha̍k-kîm (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Kîm (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Súi-ngiùn (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Thallium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Yèn (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Bismuth (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Polonium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Astatine (lui-kîm-su̍k)
Radon (hî-yù hi-thí)
Francium (kán-kîm-su̍k)
Radium (kán-thú kîm-su̍k)
Actinium (actinium-hi)
Thorium (actinium-hi)
Protactinium (actinium-hi)
Uranium (actinium-hi)
Neptunium (actinium-hi)
Plutonium (actinium-hi)
Americium (actinium-hi)
Curium (actinium-hi)
Berkelium (actinium-hi)
Californium (actinium-hi)
Einsteinium (actinium-hi)
Fermium (actinium-hi)
Mendelevium (actinium-hi)
Nobelium (actinium-hi)
Lawrencium (actinium-hi)
Rutherfordium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Dubnium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Seaborgium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Bohrium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Hassium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Nihonium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (heu-ko-thu kîm-su̍k)
Moscovium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Tennessine (unknown chemical properties)
Oganesson (unknown chemical properties)


Cu

Ag
nickelThùngÂ-yèn
ngièn-chṳ́ sì-sú 29
ngièn-chṳ́-liòng (±) 63.546(3)[1]
ngièn-su lui-phe̍t   ko-thu kîm-su̍k
Chhu̍k, fûn-khî 11 chhu̍k, d-block
chû-khì period 4
thien-chṳ́ phài-lie̍t [Ar] 3d10 4s1
per shell 2, 8, 18, 1
vu̍t-lî sin-chṳt
Siông ku-thí
yùng-tiám 1357.77 K ​(1084.62 °C, ​1984.32 °F)
pui-tiám 2835 K ​(2562 °C, ​4643 °F)
Me̍t-thu near Sit-vûn 8.96 g·cm−3
8.02 g·cm−3
Yùng-fa-ngie̍t 13.26 kJ·mol−1
Chîn-fat-ngie̍t 300.4 kJ·mol−1
Ngie̍t-yùng-liong 24.440 J·mol−1·K−1
chîn-hi-ap
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
chhai T (K) 1509 1661 1850 2089 2404 2834
Ngièn-chṳ́ sin-chṳt
Yông-fa-su −2, +1, +2, +3, +4 ​(a mildly basic oxide)
Thien-fu-sin Pauling scale: 1.90
Thien-lì-nèn 1st: 745.5 kJ·mol−1
2nd: 1957.9 kJ·mol−1
3rd: 3555 kJ·mol−1
(more)
Ngièn-chṳ́ pan-kang empirical: 128 pm
Khiung-ka pan-kang 132±4 pm
Van der Waals pan-kang 140 pm
Miscellanea
Chîn-thí keu-chhoface-centered cubic (fcc)
Face-centered cubic crystal structure for Thùng
Sâng-suk thin rod (annealed)
3810 m·s−1 (at r.t.)
Ngie̍t-phàng-chong 16.5 µm·m−1·K−1 (at 25 °C)
Ngie̍t-chhòn-thô-li̍t 401 W·m−1·K−1
Thien-chú-li̍t 16.78 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Chhṳ̀-sin diamagnetic[2]
Young's modulus 110–128 GPa
Shear modulus 48 GPa
Bulk modulus 140 GPa
Poisson ratio 0.34
Mohs hardness 3.0
Vickers hardness 343–369 MPa
Brinell hardness 235–878 MPa
CAS Registry Number 7440-50-8
Le̍k-sú
Hí-miàng after Cyprus, principal mining place in Roman era (Cyprium)
Fat-hien Middle East (9000 BCE)
Chui vún-thin ke thùng-vi-su
Chú vùn-chông: Thùng ke thùng-vi-su
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
63Cu 69.15% 63Cu is stable with 34 neutrons
64Cu syn 12.700 h ε 64Ni
β 64Zn
65Cu 30.85% 65Cu is stable with 36 neutrons
67Cu syn 61.83 h β 67Zn

Chhâm-kháu chṳ̂-liau

phiên-siá
  1. Standard Atomic Weights 2013. Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights
  2. Lide, D. R., pian. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th pán.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5. Archived from the original on 2011-03-03. 2018-06-07 chhà-khon.