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Hidseab

Ón Vicipéid, an chiclipéid shaor.
Smiling woman outdoors wearing a brightly coloured headscarf and embroidered clothing
Bean ón Túinéis ag caitheamh hidseab

Is éard is hidseab[1] nó hijab[2] (Araibis: حجاب) ann ná cineál caifirín nó clúdach cinn a chaitheann go leor ban Moslamacha.[3][4] Tá sé cosúil le héadaí cinn a chaitheann mná Giúdacha Ceartchreidmheacha (mar shampla an tichel), mná Críostaí áirithe (m.sh. an mantilla, caille chloiginn, nó gimpe),[5][6] agus go leor ban Hiondúch agus Suíceach (m.sh. an dupatta).[7][8][9] Is éard atá i gceist le hidseab is minice ná scaif a chastar timpeall an chinn a chlúdaíonn an ghruaig, an muineál, agus na cluasa, ach a fhágann an aghaidh gan chlúdach.[10] Tá borradh faoi úsáid an hidseab ar fud an domhain ó na 1970idí, agus tá go leor Moslamach den tuairim go léiríonn sé modhúlacht agus creideamh; caitear é mar mhaisiúchán freisin.[11] Sa lá atá inniu ann, tá scoláirí reiligiúnacha Ioslamacha ar aon intinn gur gá, nó gur fearr, an ceann a chlúdach, cé go dtugann roinnt scoláirí agus gníomhaithe Moslamacha le fios nach bhfuil údarás lena úsáid sa Chórán.[12][13]

An bhunchiall a bhí leis an bhfocal ḥijāb ná brat nó cuirtín a d'úsáidtí chun rialacha Ioslamacha a bhaineann leis an modhúlacht a chur i bhfeidhm.[14] Is é seo an bhrí atá leis an bhfocal i véarsaí an Chóráin, mar shampla i dtagairt don chuirtín idir príomhtheach Mhahamad agus lóistín a bhan céile. Dá bharr seo, creideann daoine áirithe go mbaineann an riail seo le mná céile Mhahamad amháin, seachas le gach bean.[15][16] Ní úsáidtear an focal ḥijāb ar bhall éadaigh áit ar bith sa Chórán, ach faightear téarmaí eile ann, mar shampla jilbab agus khimār.[17] Creideann roinnt daoine gurb é khimār (Araibis: خِمار ) an téarma ceart ar scaif chloiginn sa Chórán.[18][14][19][20]

Tá de dhualgas dlí ar mhná an hidseab a chaitheamh san Iaráin,[21] agus san Afganastáin faoi rialtas an Talaban.[22] Ó 2018 i leith, níl ceangal dlí a thuilleadh ar mhná san Araib Shádach é a chaitheamh.[23][24][25] I dtíortha eile, san Eoraip agus sa domhan Moslamach freisin,[26] cuirtear cosc ar an hidseab in áiteanna poiblí,[27][28][29] agus bíonn brú neamhoifigiúil ar mhná in áiteanna éagsúla ar fud an domhain an hidseab a chaitheamh nó gan é a chaitheamh.[28][29]

Sanasaíocht

[cuir in eagar | athraigh foinse]

Is é an focal Araibise ḥijāb (Araibis: حجاب) an t-ainm briathartha a thagann ón bhriathar ﺣَﺠَﺐَ (hajaba), ón bhfréamh trí litir ح ج ب (HJB), a chuimsíonn grúpa mór focal a bhaineann go príomha le ceilt, cur i bhfolach, agus blocáil.[30][31]

Tagairtí

[cuir in eagar | athraigh foinse]
  1. ↑ ““hidseab” | téarma.ie”. Téarma.ie: An Bunachar Náisiúnta Téarmaíochta don Ghaeilge. An Coiste Téarmaíochta. Dáta rochtana: 2024-03-27.
  2. ↑ Pádraig Ó Mianáin, eag.: “hijab — Aistriúchán Gaeilge ar hijab (An Foclóir Nua Béarla-Gaeilge)” (ga). An Gúm (2020). Dáta rochtana: 2024-03-27.
  3. ↑ Piela, Anna (6 Aibreán 2022). “Muslim Women and the Politics of the Headscarf”. Jstor. Dáta rochtana: January 12, 2024.
  4. ↑ Mitchell, Travis (29 June 2021). “9. Religious clothing and personal appearance”. Dáta rochtana: 4 April 2023.
  5. ↑ Khir-Allah, Ghufran (24 May 2021). "Framing Hijab in the European Mind: Press Discourse, Social Categorization and Stereotypes". Springer. ISBN 9789811616532. 
  6. ↑ Lindberg, Christine A. (2012). "Oxford American Writer's Thesaurus". Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-982992-7. 
  7. ↑ “Religious clothing and personal appearance”. Pew Research Center (June 29, 2021). Dáta rochtana: May 5, 2023.
  8. ↑ Spurgeon, Andrew B. (14 August 2016). "Twin Cultures Separated by Centuries: An Indian Reading of 1 Corinthians" (in English). Langham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-78368-139-6. “Ghoonghat (also ghunghat or jhund) is the Hindi word used for a veil or a scarf that a woman in northern India wears to cover her head or face (in states such as Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and Assam). Sometimes the end of a sari or dupatta (a long scarf) is pulled over the head or face to function as a ghoonghat.” 
  9. ↑ Garcia, Myrian (March 15, 2022). “How India's Religious Headwear Ban Affects Muslims And Not Hindus”. Religion Unplugged. Dáta rochtana: May 5, 2023.
  10. ↑ “Hijab.” Cambridge Dictionary, dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/hijab. Accessed 6 Sept. 2023.
  11. ↑ Nasir, Kamaludeen Mohamed (December 2020). "Representing Islam: Hip-Hop of the September 11 Generation". Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-05305-3. 
  12. ↑ Syed, Ibrahim. “The Quran Does Not Mandate Hijab”. Islamic Research Foundation International, Inc.. Cartlannaíodh an bunleathanach ar 21 December 2015. Dáta rochtana: 26 December 2015.
  13. ↑ “Behind the Veil: Oppression or Assertion”. Cartlannaíodh an bunleathanach ar 4 May 2023.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 El Guindi, Fadwa (2009). "Hijab". The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World. doi:10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001. ISBN 9780195305135. 
  15. ↑ Aslan, Reza, No God but God, Random House, (2005), p.65–6
  16. ↑ Ahmed, Leila (1992). "Women and Gender in Islam: Historical Roots of a Modern Debate". Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300055832. Dáta rochtana: 2013-04-20. 
  17. ↑ Sahar Amer (2014), What Is Veiling?, University of North Carolina Press, pp. 25-27
  18. ↑ Lane's Lexicon page 519 and 812
  19. ↑ Contemporary Fatwas by Sheik Yusuf Al Qaradawi, vol. 1, pp. 453-455
  20. ↑ Ruh Al Ma’ani by Shihaab Adeen Abi Athanaa’, vol. 18, pp. 309, 313
  21. ↑ “Hijab law in Iran over the decades: the continuing battle for reform | Blog | University of Essex” (en). www.essex.ac.uk. Dáta rochtana: 2023-08-24.
  22. ↑ Hadid, Diaa (7 May 2022). “The Taliban orders women to wear head-to-toe clothing in public”. npr.org. Dáta rochtana: 11 March 2024.
  23. ↑ Tá ort na shonrú' 'teideal = agus' 'url = nuair a úsáideann {{ lua idirlín}}."" (en-US). The Wall Street Journal. “Almost immediately, women became more comfortable wearing their headscarves loosely or not at all”
  24. ↑ Tá ort na shonrú' 'teideal = agus' 'url = nuair a úsáideann {{ lua idirlín}}."".
  25. ↑ Mail, Daily (15 September 2019). “Rebel Saudi women appear in public without hijab, abaya; onlookers stunned | New Straits Times”. NST Online. Dáta rochtana: 13 January 2021.
  26. ↑ Azerbaijan:, Morocco:, Tunisia:, Egypt: Algeria:, Turkey: France:, Germany:, Senegal:, Singapore:, Kosovo:, Québec:, Austria:, Switzerland:, Denmark: , Kazakhstan:, Kyrgystan:, Tajikistan:, Turkmenistan:, Uzbekistan:
  27. ↑ “Which countries have a 'burqa ban'? – DW – 08/01/2019” (en). dw.com. Dáta rochtana: 2023-11-24.
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 M. J. Gohari (2000). The Taliban: Ascent to Power. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 108-110.
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 Louis A. Cainkar (2009). "Homeland Insecurity: The Arab American and Muslim American Experience After 9/11": 244–245. Russell Sage Foundation. ISBN 9781610447683. 
  30. ↑ Lane, Edward William (1863), “ح ج ب”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 515–516
  31. ↑ “ح ج ب” (5 May 2019).
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