teher
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Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From the Bavarian trächt variant of Tracht, from tragen (“to carry”), inserting a vowel after t to ease pronunciation and omitting the final -t as a perceived accusative suffix, resulting in tereht, then tereh, and eventually teher in the nominative and several oblique forms by means of metathesis; compare kehely, pehely, boholy, moholy, and (archaic) vehem, the only words with this feature in Hungarian. See also tragacs and trágár for terms related to tragen.
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]teher (plural terhek)
- burden, weight, load, freight, cargo
- Synonyms: súly, málha, szállítmány, rakomány
- (figuratively) burden, load, onus, nuisance
- Synonyms: kényelmetlenség, kellemetlenség, nehézség, gond
- (in set phrases formed with teherbe or teherben) pregnancy
- Synonym: terhesség
- (finance, often in set phrases with terhére) debit
- (law) encumbrance, encumberment (an interest, right, burden, or liability attached to a title of land, such as a lien or mortgage)
- Synonyms: megterhelés, jelzálog
- (with a possessive suffix) construed with mellett or alatt: penalty, punishment (cf. on pain of, under pain of)
Declension
[edit]| Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | teher | terhek |
| accusative | terhet | terheket |
| dative | tehernek | terheknek |
| instrumental | teherrel | terhekkel |
| causal-final | teherért | terhekért |
| translative | teherré | terhekké |
| terminative | teherig | terhekig |
| essive-formal | teherként | terhekként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | teherben | terhekben |
| superessive | terhen | terheken |
| adessive | tehernél | terheknél |
| illative | teherbe | terhekbe |
| sublative | teherre | terhekre |
| allative | teherhez | terhekhez |
| elative | teherből | terhekből |
| delative | teherről | terhekről |
| ablative | tehertől | terhektől |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
teheré | terheké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
teheréi | terhekéi |
| Possessive forms of teher | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | terhem | terheim |
| 2nd person sing. | terhed | terheid |
| 3rd person sing. | terhe | terhei |
| 1st person plural | terhünk | terheink |
| 2nd person plural | terhetek | terheitek |
| 3rd person plural | terhük | terheik |
Derived terms
[edit]Compound words
Expressions
See also
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- teher in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN