recens

Latin

Etymology

re- + Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“new, fresh”), with a semantic development to "rise freshly, come up, begin", also seen in cognates such as Old Irish cinim (“to rise”) and Old Church Slavonic начѧти (načęti, “to begin”), въчѧти (vŭčęti, “to begin”).

Classical cognates include Ancient Greek καινός (kainós, “new”) (whence the prefix caeno- or ceno-) and Sanskrit कनीन (kanī́na, “young, youthful”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈre.kens/, [ˈrɛkẽːs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈre.t͡ʃens/, [ˈrɛːt͡ʃens]

Adjective

recēns (genitive recentis, comparative recentior, superlative recentissimus); third-declension one-termination adjective

1. new, recent

   Synonym: novus

   Antonyms: prīscus, prīstinus, senex, vetus, antīquus

2. fresh, lively
   • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico VII.25:

     Ipsi recentes defessis succederent

     They themselves were substituting lively [soldiers] for the exhausted ones

3. young
4. vigorous

Declension

Third-declension one-termination adjective.

	singular			plural
	masc./fem.	neuter		masc./fem.	neuter
nominative	recēns			recentēs	recentia
genitive	recentis			recentium
dative	recentī			recentibus
accusative	recentem	recēns		recentēs	recentia
ablative	recentī			recentibus
vocative	recēns			recentēs	recentia

Adverb

recēns (not comparable)

1. lately, recently

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: aratsi
  • Istro-Romanian: råce
  • Megleno-Romanian: rați, ratsi
  • Romanian: rece, răce (regional)
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: ricente
  • ⇒ Venetan: rexentar, raxentar
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Friulian: rezint
  • Romansch: arschaint, resch
• Northern Gallo-Romance:
  • Old French: resant, raisant, roisant
  • Norman: résant
• Gallo-Italic:
  • ⇒ Ligurian: aruxentâ
  • ⇒ Lombard: resentà
  • ⇒ Piedmontese: arzenté
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Galician: recente
  • Portuguese: recente, recém
  • Spanish: reciente, recién
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: rechente, reghente
• Borrowed:
  • → English: recent
  • → French: récent
  • → Ido: recenta
  • → Italian: recente
  • → Romanian: recent
  • → Occitan: recent

References

• “recens”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “recens”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• recens in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to have a vivid recollection of a thing: recenti memoria tenere aliquid
    
  • fresh troops relieve the tired men: integri et recentes defatigatis succedunt
    
• recens in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
• Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1911) “rĕcens”, in Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), page 534
• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “recens”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 1: A–B, page 139