parens

English

Noun

parens

1. plural of paren

Anagrams

• panser, Närpes, Persan, resnap, Pernas, arpens

French

Alternative forms

• parents (Contemporary French)

Noun

parens m

1. (archaic) plural of parent

Anagrams

• panser, Persan, persan

Latin

Etymology 1

From an old form of the present participle of the verb pariō (“I bring forth, I give birth to, I produce”). Compare the regular present participle pariēns.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.rens/, [ˈpärẽːs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.rens/, [ˈpäːrens]

Noun

parēns m or f (genitive parentis); third declension

1. parent, mother, father
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.365–366:

     “Nec tibi dīva parēns, generis nec Dardanus auctor, / perfide! [...].”

     [Dido to Aeneas:] “No goddess was your mother, nor was Dardanus the founder of your line, [you] liar! [...].”

   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 4.57–58:

     ille suōs semper Venerem Mārtemque parentēs
     dīxit et ēmeruit vōcis habēre fidem

     He always said that Venus and Mars were his parents,
     and he deserved to have the credit for his assertion.
     Or: [...] he deserved to have his word trusted; [...] to be believed; [...] to be ‘‘taken at his word’’
     (See Quirinus as the deified Romulus.)

2. founder, ancestor
   • a. 27 BC, Marcus Terentius Varro, De Lingua Latina, Book VIII, Chapter XXXVII.66

     Quæ si esset in analogia, negant ullum casum duobus modis debuisse dici; quod fit contra...Nam sine reprehensione vulgo alii dicunt in singulari hac ovi et avi, alii hac ove et ave; in multitudinis hæ puppis restis et hæ puppes restes; item quod in patrico casu hoc genus dispariliter dicuntur civitatum parentum et civitatium parentium, in accusandi hos montes fontes et hos montis fontis.

     If regularity existed, they say, no case ought to be used in two forms; but the opposite is found to occur...For without censure quite commonly some say in the ablative singular ovi ('sheep') and avi ('bird'); others say ove and ave; in the plural, the nominative puppis ('ship's sterns') and restis ('ropes'), also puppes and restes; likewise there is the fact that in the genitive plural of words of this class are used the variant forms civitatum ('of states'), parentum ('of parents'), and civitatium, parentium ('of parents'), and in the accusative plural montes ('mountains'), fontes ('springs'), and montis, fontis.

Declension

Third declension noun (mixed i-stem, doublet forms for genitive plural in -um or -ium, and, more rarely, accusative plural -īs for -ēs)

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	parēns	parentēs
Genitive	parentis	parentum parentium
Dative	parentī	parentibus
Accusative	parentem	parentēs parentīs
Ablative	parente	parentibus
Vocative	parēns	parentēs

Synonyms

• genitor

Derived terms

• omniparēns
• parentō
• parentālis
• parentāre

Descendants

• Albanian: prind
• Aromanian: pãrinti, pãrinte, printi, printe
• Asturian: pariente
• Catalan: parent
• English: in loco parentis
• Old French: parent
  • → Middle English: parent
    • English: parent
  • Middle French: parent
    • French: parent
  • Norman: parent (Guernsey), pathent (Jersey)
• Friulian: parint
• Italian: parente
• Old Galician-Portuguese: parente, parẽte
  • Fala: parente
  • Galician: parente
  • Portuguese: parente (see there for further descendants)
• Old Spanish: pariente
  • Spanish: pariente
• Romanian: părinte
• Sicilian: parenti
• Venetan: parent

Etymology 2

Present active participle of pāreō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈpaː.rens/, [ˈpäːrẽːs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.rens/, [ˈpäːrens]

Adjective

pārēns (genitive pārentis); third-declension one-termination adjective

1. obedient
2. subject to

Declension

Third-declension one-termination adjective.

Number	Singular			Plural
Case / Gender	Masc./Fem.	Neuter		Masc./Fem.	Neuter
Nominative	pārēns			pārentēs	pārentia
Genitive	pārentis			pārentium
Dative	pārentī			pārentibus
Accusative	pārentem	pārēns		pārentēs	pārentia
Ablative	pārentī			pārentibus
Vocative	pārēns			pārentēs	pārentia

References

• “parens”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “parens”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• parens in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• parens in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to degenerate (from one's ancestors): a parentibus degenerare
    
  • of humble, obscure origin: humilibus (obscuris) parentibus natus
    

Swedish

Noun

parens

1. definite genitive plural of par

Anagrams

• rapens, repans