parco

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See also: Parco and parcò

Italian

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈpar.ko/
  • Rhymes: -arko
  • Hyphenation: pàr‧co

Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Latin parcus.

Adjective

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parco (feminine parca, masculine plural parchi, feminine plural parche)

  1. frugal, moderate, temperate, sparing
    Synonyms: frugale, parsimonioso, sobrio
    Antonyms: dissoluto, sprecone
Derived terms
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References
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  • parco1 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Etymology 2

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From Old French parc. First attested in the 14th c.[1]

Noun

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parco m (plural parchi)

  1. park, garden
    Synonyms: area verde, giardino, riserva, verde pubblico
Descendants
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  • → Greek: πάρκο (párko)
  • → Sardinian: parcu
References
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  • parco2 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
  1. ^ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1985) “parque”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume IV (Me–Re), Gredos, →ISBN, page 407

Etymology 3

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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parco

  1. first-person singular present indicative of parcare

Anagrams

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Latin

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Italic *pe-arkō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epo (“off”) + *h₂erk- (“to hold, guard”) (whence arceō).[1] See also parcus.

Others make it cognate with Ancient Greek σπαρνός (sparnós, “rare”), English spare.

Verb

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parcō (present infinitive parcere, perfect active pepercī or parsī, supine parsum); third conjugation

  1. (+ dative or accusative) to spare, save up, economise
    Synonym: reservo
  2. (figuratively, + dative) to forgive someone, have mercy for, to be lenient to
    Synonyms: ignōscō, āmittō, remittō, dōnō, dīmittō, perdōnō, condōnō
    • c. 50 BCE, Publilius Syrus, Sententiae :
      Bonīs nocet quisquis pepercit malīs.
      He does harm to the good, whoever has been lenient to the bad
    • Augustus, Res Gestae Divi Augusti :
      victorque omnibus veniam petentibus civibus peperci.
      ... and victorious, I spared all the citizens desiring pardon.
    • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico VII.28:
      Non aetate confectis, non mulieribus, non infantibus pepercerunt
      They spared neither old men, women, or children
  3. to let alone, omit
    Synonyms: praetereō, omittō, permittō, āmittō, remittō, neglegō
  4. (+ dative or a/ab + ablative) to refrain, abstain, avoid
    Synonyms: ēvādō, ēlūdō, vītō, ēvītō, dētrectō, refugiō, exeō, āversor, abstineō, dēclīnō, fugiō
    Antonyms: dēstinō, intendō, tendō, petō, quaerō, affectō, studeō, spectō, circumspiciō
Conjugation
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  • Perfect parsī is ante-Classical or post-Classical. Perfect parcuī and future participle parcitūrus are found rarely.
   Conjugation of parcō (third conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present parcō parcis parcit parcimus parcitis parcunt
imperfect parcēbam parcēbās parcēbat parcēbāmus parcēbātis parcēbant
future parcam parcēs parcet parcēmus parcētis parcent
perfect pepercī,
parsī,
parcuī 		pepercistī,
parsistī,
parcuistī 		pepercit,
parsit,
parcuit 		pepercimus,
parsimus,
parcuimus 		pepercistis,
parsistis,
parcuistis 		pepercērunt,
pepercēre,
parsērunt,
parsēre,
parcuērunt,
parcuēre
pluperfect peperceram,
parseram,
parcueram 		pepercerās,
parserās,
parcuerās 		pepercerat,
parserat,
parcuerat 		pepercerāmus,
parserāmus,
parcuerāmus 		pepercerātis,
parserātis,
parcuerātis 		pepercerant,
parserant,
parcuerant
future perfect pepercerō,
parserō,
parcuerō 		peperceris,
parseris,
parcueris 		pepercerit,
parserit,
parcuerit 		pepercerimus,
parserimus,
parcuerimus 		peperceritis,
parseritis,
parcueritis 		pepercerint,
parserint,
parcuerint
sigmatic future1 parsō parsis parsit parsimus parsitis parsint
passive present parcor parceris,
parcere 		parcitur parcimur parciminī parcuntur
imperfect parcēbar parcēbāris,
parcēbāre 		parcēbātur parcēbāmur parcēbāminī parcēbantur
future parcar parcēris,
parcēre 		parcētur parcēmur parcēminī parcentur
perfect parsus or parcitus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect parsus or parcitus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect parsus or parcitus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present parcam parcās parcat parcāmus parcātis parcant
imperfect parcerem parcerēs parceret parcerēmus parcerētis parcerent
perfect pepercerim,
parserim,
parcuerim 		pepercerīs,
parserīs,
parcuerīs 		pepercerit,
parserit,
parcuerit 		pepercerīmus,
parserīmus,
parcuerīmus 		pepercerītis,
parserītis,
parcuerītis 		pepercerint,
parserint,
parcuerint
pluperfect pepercissem,
parsissem,
parcuissem 		pepercissēs,
parsissēs,
parcuissēs 		pepercisset,
parsisset,
parcuisset 		pepercissēmus,
parsissēmus,
parcuissēmus 		pepercissētis,
parsissētis,
parcuissētis 		pepercissent,
parsissent,
parcuissent
sigmatic aorist1 parsim parsīs parsīt parsīmus parsītis parsint
passive present parcar parcāris,
parcāre 		parcātur parcāmur parcāminī parcantur
imperfect parcerer parcerēris,
parcerēre 		parcerētur parcerēmur parcerēminī parcerentur
perfect parsus or parcitus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect parsus or parcitus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — parce — — parcite —
future — parcitō parcitō — parcitōte parcuntō
passive present — parcere — — parciminī —
future — parcitor parcitor — — parcuntor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives parcere pepercisse,
parsisse,
parcuisse 		parsūrum esse,
parcitūrum esse 		parcī parsum esse,
parcitum esse 		parsum īrī,
parcitum īrī
participles parcēns — parsūrus,
parcitūrus 		— parsus,
parcitus 		parcendus,
parcundus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
parcendī parcendō parcendum parcendō parsum,
parcitum 		parsū,
parcitū

1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").

Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective

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parcō

  1. dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of parcus

References

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  • parco in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2024), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
  • “parco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “parco”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • parco in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to spare no pains: labori, operae non parcere
    • to incur few expenses: sumptui parcere (Fam. 16. 4)
  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 445

Portuguese

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Etymology

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From Latin parcus.[1][2]

Pronunciation

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  • Hyphenation: par‧co

Adjective

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parco (feminine parca, masculine plural parcos, feminine plural parcas)

  1. scarce
    Synonym: escasso
    Antonym: abundante
    • 1977, Clarice Lispector, A hora da estrela [The Hour of the Star]:
      Aliás o material de que disponho é parco e singelo demais, as informações sobre os personagens são poucas e não muito elucidativas, informações essas que penosamente me vêm de mim para mim mesmo, é trabalho de carpintaria.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  2. parsimonious, thrifty, economical, frugal
    Synonyms: parcimonioso, econômico

References

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  1. ^ “parco”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024
  2. ^ “parco”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024

Spanish

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Etymology

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From Latin parcus.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈpaɾko/ [ˈpaɾ.ko]
  • Rhymes: -aɾko
  • Syllabification: par‧co

Adjective

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parco (feminine parca, masculine plural parcos, feminine plural parcas)

  1. frugal
    Synonym: frugal

Further reading

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