jula

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See also: Jula and Julą

Fula

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From a Mande language.

The word "Jula" means trader in Manding languages (Mandinka/Mandingo). The word derived from the root word "Julo" or "Julu" meaning rope. The word was originally referred to rope traders with the pastoral Fulani herders and along the Sahara, but the term would come to generally signify a trader or merchant especially in gold and other precious metals. The name is however most commonly associated with gold traders, those that dealt in Jewelry, a Jew-e-ler (Ju-la). The term has become so widely used today to even refer to a shop keeper.

Noun

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jula o (plural julaaɓe ɓe)

  1. (Pulaar) merchant, tradesman, monger
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References

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  • M. Niang, Pulaar-English English-Pulaar Standard Dictionary, New York: Hippocrene Books, 1997.

Norwegian Bokmål

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Alternative forms

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Noun

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jula m or f

  1. definite feminine singular of jul

Norwegian Nynorsk

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Noun

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jula f

  1. definite singular of jul

Spanish

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Noun

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jula m (plural julas)

  1. (colloquial) idiot, twat
    Synonym: julai

Xhosa

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

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-jula

  1. (transitive) to throw
    Synonyms: -gibisa, -phosa

Inflection

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This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

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Verb

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-jula

  1. (intransitive) to be deep
  2. (intransitive) to dive deep, to sink deep down

Inflection

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Tone L
Infinitive ukujula
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukujula ukungajuli
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular jula -jule
Plural julani -juleni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyajula, ngijula engijulayo, engijula ngijula angijuli engingajuli ngingajuli
2nd singular uyajula, ujula ojulayo, ojula ujula awujuli ongajuli ungajuli
1st plural siyajula, sijula esijulayo, esijula sijula asijuli esingajuli singajuli
2nd plural niyajula, nijula enijulayo, enijula nijula anijuli eningajuli ningajuli
Class 1 uyajula, ujula ojulayo, ojula ejula akajuli ongajuli engajuli
Class 2 bayajula, bajula abajulayo, abajula bejula abajuli abangajuli bengajuli
Class 3 uyajula, ujula ojulayo, ojula ujula awujuli ongajuli ungajuli
Class 4 iyajula, ijula ejulayo, ejula ijula ayijuli engajuli ingajuli
Class 5 liyajula, lijula elijulayo, elijula lijula alijuli elingajuli lingajuli
Class 6 ayajula, ajula ajulayo, ajula ejula awajuli angajuli engajuli
Class 7 siyajula, sijula esijulayo, esijula sijula asijuli esingajuli singajuli
Class 8 ziyajula, zijula ezijulayo, ezijula zijula azijuli ezingajuli zingajuli
Class 9 iyajula, ijula ejulayo, ejula ijula ayijuli engajuli ingajuli
Class 10 ziyajula, zijula ezijulayo, ezijula zijula azijuli ezingajuli zingajuli
Class 11 luyajula, lujula olujulayo, olujula lujula alujuli olungajuli lungajuli
Class 14 buyajula, bujula obujulayo, obujula bujula abujuli obungajuli bungajuli
Class 15 kuyajula, kujula okujulayo, okujula kujula akujuli okungajuli kungajuli
Class 17 kuyajula, kujula okujulayo, okujula kujula akujuli okungajuli kungajuli
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngijulile, ngijulē engijulile, engijulē ngijulile, ngijulē angijulanga engingajulanga ngingajulanga
2nd singular ujulile, ujulē ojulile, ojulē ujulile, ujulē awujulanga ongajulanga ungajulanga
1st plural sijulile, sijulē esijulile, esijulē sijulile, sijulē asijulanga esingajulanga singajulanga
2nd plural nijulile, nijulē enijulile, enijulē nijulile, nijulē anijulanga eningajulanga ningajulanga
Class 1 ujulile, ujulē ojulile, ojulē ejulile, ejulē akajulanga ongajulanga engajulanga
Class 2 bajulile, bajulē abajulile, abajulē bejulile, bejulē abajulanga abangajulanga bengajulanga
Class 3 ujulile, ujulē ojulile, ojulē ujulile, ujulē awujulanga ongajulanga ungajulanga
Class 4 ijulile, ijulē ejulile, ejulē ijulile, ijulē ayijulanga engajulanga ingajulanga
Class 5 lijulile, lijulē elijulile, elijulē lijulile, lijulē alijulanga elingajulanga lingajulanga
Class 6 ajulile, ajulē ajulile, ajulē ejulile, ejulē awajulanga angajulanga engajulanga
Class 7 sijulile, sijulē esijulile, esijulē sijulile, sijulē asijulanga esingajulanga singajulanga
Class 8 zijulile, zijulē ezijulile, ezijulē zijulile, zijulē azijulanga ezingajulanga zingajulanga
Class 9 ijulile, ijulē ejulile, ejulē ijulile, ijulē ayijulanga engajulanga ingajulanga
Class 10 zijulile, zijulē ezijulile, ezijulē zijulile, zijulē azijulanga ezingajulanga zingajulanga
Class 11 lujulile, lujulē olujulile, olujulē lujulile, lujulē alujulanga olungajulanga lungajulanga
Class 14 bujulile, bujulē obujulile, obujulē bujulile, bujulē abujulanga obungajulanga bungajulanga
Class 15 kujulile, kujulē okujulile, okujulē kujulile, kujulē akujulanga okungajulanga kungajulanga
Class 17 kujulile, kujulē okujulile, okujulē kujulile, kujulē akujulanga okungajulanga kungajulanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngājula engājula ngājula angijulanga engingajulanga ngingajulanga
2nd singular wājula owājula wājula awujulanga ongajulanga ungajulanga
1st plural sājula esājula sājula asijulanga esingajulanga singajulanga
2nd plural nājula enājula nājula anijulanga eningajulanga ningajulanga
Class 1 wājula owājula ājula akajulanga ongajulanga engajulanga
Class 2 bājula abājula bājula abajulanga abangajulanga bengajulanga
Class 3 wājula owājula wājula awujulanga ongajulanga ungajulanga
Class 4 yājula eyājula yājula ayijulanga engajulanga ingajulanga
Class 5 lājula elājula lājula alijulanga elingajulanga lingajulanga
Class 6 ājula ājula ājula awajulanga angajulanga engajulanga
Class 7 sājula esājula sājula asijulanga esingajulanga singajulanga
Class 8 zājula ezājula zājula azijulanga ezingajulanga zingajulanga
Class 9 yājula eyājula yājula ayijulanga engajulanga ingajulanga
Class 10 zājula ezājula zājula azijulanga ezingajulanga zingajulanga
Class 11 lwājula olwājula lwājula alujulanga olungajulanga lungajulanga
Class 14 bājula obājula bājula abujulanga obungajulanga bungajulanga
Class 15 kwājula okwājula kwājula akujulanga okungajulanga kungajulanga
Class 17 kwājula okwājula kwājula akujulanga okungajulanga kungajulanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingajula — ngingajula ngingejule — ngingejule
2nd singular ungajula — ungajula ungejule — ungejule
1st plural singajula — singajula singejule — singejule
2nd plural ningajula — ningajula ningejule — ningejule
Class 1 angajula — engajula angejule — engejule
Class 2 bangajula — bengajula bangejule — bengejule
Class 3 ungajula — ungajula ungejule — ungejule
Class 4 ingajula — ingajula ingejule — ingejule
Class 5 lingajula — lingajula lingejule — lingejule
Class 6 angajula — engajula angejule — engejule
Class 7 singajula — singajula singejule — singejule
Class 8 zingajula — zingajula zingejule — zingejule
Class 9 ingajula — ingajula ingejule — ingejule
Class 10 zingajula — zingajula zingejule — zingejule
Class 11 lungajula — lungajula lungejule — lungejule
Class 14 bungajula — bungajula bungejule — bungejule
Class 15 kungajula — kungajula kungejule — kungejule
Class 17 kungajula — kungajula kungejule — kungejule
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizojula engizojula ngizojula angizujula engingezujula ngingezujula
2nd singular uzojula ozojula uzojula awuzujula ongezujula ungezujula
1st plural sizojula esizojula sizojula asizujula esingezujula singezujula
2nd plural nizojula enizojula nizojula anizujula eningezujula ningezujula
Class 1 uzojula ozojula ezojula akazujula ongezujula engezujula
Class 2 bazojula abazojula bezojula abazujula abangezujula bengezujula
Class 3 uzojula ozojula uzojula awuzujula ongezujula ungezujula
Class 4 izojula ezojula izojula ayizujula engezujula ingezujula
Class 5 lizojula elizojula lizojula alizujula elingezujula lingezujula
Class 6 azojula azojula ezojula awazujula angezujula engezujula
Class 7 sizojula esizojula sizojula asizujula esingezujula singezujula
Class 8 zizojula ezizojula zizojula azizujula ezingezujula zingezujula
Class 9 izojula ezojula izojula ayizujula engezujula ingezujula
Class 10 zizojula ezizojula zizojula azizujula ezingezujula zingezujula
Class 11 luzojula oluzojula luzojula aluzujula olungezujula lungezujula
Class 14 buzojula obuzojula buzojula abuzujula obungezujula bungezujula
Class 15 kuzojula okuzojula kuzojula akuzujula okungezujula kungezujula
Class 17 kuzojula okuzojula kuzojula akuzujula okungezujula kungezujula
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyojula engiyojula ngiyojula angiyujula engingeyujula ngingeyujula
2nd singular uyojula oyojula uyojula awuyujula ongeyujula ungeyujula
1st plural siyojula esiyojula siyojula asiyujula esingeyujula singeyujula
2nd plural niyojula eniyojula niyojula aniyujula eningeyujula ningeyujula
Class 1 uyojula oyojula eyojula akayujula ongeyujula engeyujula
Class 2 bayojula abayojula beyojula abayujula abangeyujula bengeyujula
Class 3 uyojula oyojula uyojula awuyujula ongeyujula ungeyujula
Class 4 iyojula eyojula iyojula ayiyujula engeyujula ingeyujula
Class 5 liyojula eliyojula liyojula aliyujula elingeyujula lingeyujula
Class 6 ayojula ayojula eyojula awayujula angeyujula engeyujula
Class 7 siyojula esiyojula siyojula asiyujula esingeyujula singeyujula
Class 8 ziyojula eziyojula ziyojula aziyujula ezingeyujula zingeyujula
Class 9 iyojula eyojula iyojula ayiyujula engeyujula ingeyujula
Class 10 ziyojula eziyojula ziyojula aziyujula ezingeyujula zingeyujula
Class 11 luyojula oluyojula luyojula aluyujula olungeyujula lungeyujula
Class 14 buyojula obuyojula buyojula abuyujula obungeyujula bungeyujula
Class 15 kuyojula okuyojula kuyojula akuyujula okungeyujula kungeyujula
Class 17 kuyojula okuyojula kuyojula akuyujula okungeyujula kungeyujula
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngijule ngingajuli
2nd singular ujule ungajuli
1st plural sijule singajuli
2nd plural nijule ningajuli
Class 1 ajule angajuli
Class 2 bajule bangajuli
Class 3 ujule ungajuli
Class 4 ijule ingajuli
Class 5 lijule lingajuli
Class 6 ajule angajuli
Class 7 sijule singajuli
Class 8 zijule zingajuli
Class 9 ijule ingajuli
Class 10 zijule zingajuli
Class 11 lujule lungajuli
Class 14 bujule bungajuli
Class 15 kujule kungajuli
Class 17 kujule kungajuli
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngajula ngangajula, angajula, angangajula
2nd singular wajula wangajula, awajula, awangajula
1st plural sajula sangajula, asajula, asangajula
2nd plural najula nangajula, anajula, anangajula
Class 1 wajula wangajula, akajula, akangajula
Class 2 bajula bangajula, abajula, abangajula
Class 3 wajula wangajula, awajula, awangajula
Class 4 yajula yangajula, ayajula, ayangajula
Class 5 lajula langajula, alajula, alangajula
Class 6 ajula angajula, awajula, awangajula
Class 7 sajula sangajula, asajula, asangajula
Class 8 zajula zangajula, azajula, azangajula
Class 9 yajula yangajula, ayajula, ayangajula
Class 10 zajula zangajula, azajula, azangajula
Class 11 lwajula lwangajula, alwajula, alwangajula
Class 14 bajula bangajula, abajula, abangajula
Class 15 kwajula kwangajula, akwajula, akwangajula
Class 17 kwajula kwangajula, akwajula, akwangajula

References

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