grex
English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Latin grex (“flock”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]grex (plural greges or grexes)
- (biology) A multicellular aggregate of amoeba.
- (horticulture) A kind of group used in horticultural nomenclature, applied to the progeny of an artificial cross from specified parents, in particular for orchids.
- Synonym: gx
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]Grex (horticulture) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Italic *greks, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ger- (“to assemble, gather together”) (though de Vaan prefers to reconstruct the Proto-Italic as *gʷreg-, and the Proto-Indo-European as *gʷreg- (“group, herd”)).[1] Cognates include Lithuanian gurguole (“mass, crowd”) and gurgulys (“chaos, confusion”), Old Church Slavonic гръсть (grŭstĭ, “handful”), Welsh gre (“herd”), Ancient Greek γάργαρα (gárgara, “heaps, lots (of people, etc.)”), Khotanese [script needed] (haṃ-grīs, “to gather, assemble”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ɡreks/, [ɡrɛks̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ɡreks/, [ɡrɛks]
Noun
[edit]grex m (genitive gregis); third declension
- (zoology) a group of smaller animals: a flock (of birds, sheep, etc.), a pack (of dogs, wolves, etc.), a swarm (of insects), etc.
- (figurative) a similar group of other things
- a group of people: a crowd, a clique, a company, a band, a troop, etc.
- (sports) a team of charioteers.
- (theater) a troupe of actors.
Usage notes
[edit]Properly, a herd or drove of larger animals form a pecus n, a iūmentum (when pulling carts), or an armenta (when pulling a plow), while smaller animals—especially domesticated pecudēs—form a grex. Its use for people is not necessarily pejorative in the way pecus is.
Declension
[edit]Third-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | grex | gregēs |
Genitive | gregis | gregum |
Dative | gregī | gregibus |
Accusative | gregem | gregēs |
Ablative | grege | gregibus |
Vocative | grex | gregēs |
Hyponyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Italo-Romance:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
- Borrowings:
References
[edit]- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “grĕx”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 4: G H I, page 268
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 273
Further reading
[edit]- “grex”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “grex”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- grex in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- a theatrical company: familia, grex, caterva histrionum
- the manager: dominus gregis
- to feed a flock (of goats): pascere gregem
- the herds are grazing: greges pascuntur (Verg. G. 3. 162)
- a theatrical company: familia, grex, caterva histrionum
- "Pecus; Jumentum; Armentum; Grex" in H.H. Arnold's translation of Ludwig von Döderlein's Hand-Book of Latin Synonymes (1841), pp. 158–9.
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ger-
- English terms borrowed from Latin
- English learned borrowings from Latin
- English terms derived from Latin
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- en:Biology
- en:Horticulture
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 1-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin third declension nouns
- Latin masculine nouns in the third declension
- Latin masculine nouns
- la:Zoology
- la:Sports
- la:Theater
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook