esik

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See also: eşik and esik-

Hungarian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Ugric *eskä-, from Proto-Uralic *ećɜ- (to fall).[1][2]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈɛʃik]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: esik
  • Rhymes: -ɛʃik

Verb

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esik

  1. (intransitive) to fall
    Synonyms: leesik, hullik, lehullik, pottyan, zuhan
    Active-voice counterpart: ejt
    A kenyér a vajas felére esett.The [slice of] bread fell on its buttered side.
  2. (intransitive, normally supplemented with the name of the precipitation) to rain, to snow
    Synonyms: (of rain) zuhog, (of rain) szakad, (of snow) hull
    Esik az eső.It is raining. (literally, “The rain is falling.”)
    Esik a hó.It is snowing. (literally, “The snow is falling.”)
    Esik még? (depending on context)Is it still raining/snowing?
  3. (intransitive) to fall somewhere, to happen to be at some place or time (of an event on some day of the week or month or the stress on a particular syllable)
    Synonyms: van, jut
    Idén péntekre esik a születésnapom.My birthday falls on a Friday this year.
  4. (intransitive) to go down, to tumble, to drop, drop off, drop away (e.g. price or popularity)
    Synonyms: csökken, süllyed, apad, hanyatlik, zuhan
  5. (intransitive) to (happen to) be found, to lie, to be situated somewhere
    Synonyms: fekszik, található
    Távol esik tőlünk a színház.The theater happens to be a long way away from our place.
  6. (intransitive) to fall into or get into a situation (e.g. falling victim to someone or something)
    Synonyms: lesz, kerül
  7. (intransitive) to fall or belong within the scope, force, power, or effect of something, to be subject or liable to some regulation or jurisdiction
    Synonym: tartozik
  8. (intransitive) to be affected, to feel in some way (with -nak/-nek for the person affected)
    Hogy esne neked, ha…?How would you like/feel if …?
    Jólesett az ebéd.approx. The lunch felt/was good.
  9. (intransitive) to happen, to come about
    Synonyms: megesik, történik
    Úgy esett, hogy …It happened that …
  10. (intransitive) to attack, assail (with -nak/-nek)
    Synonyms: támad, megtámad, rátámad, ront, nekiront, ráront

Conjugation

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Derived terms

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(With verbal prefixes):

Compound words
Expressions

References

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  1. ^ Entry #127 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
  2. ^ esik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

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  • esik in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • esik in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).