derogate
English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Late Middle English derogaten, borrowed from (the participle stem of) Latin dērogāre (“to annul, repeal part of a law, take away, detract from”), from de- (“from”) + rogāre (“to propose a law, ask”). Compare abrogate, arrogate, interrogate.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈdɛɹəɡeɪt/
Audio (Southern England): (file)
Verb
[edit]derogate (third-person singular simple present derogates, present participle derogating, simple past and past participle derogated)
- (obsolete, transitive) To partially repeal (a law etc.). [16th–17th c.]
- 1713, Matthew Hale, A History and Analysis of the Common Law of England:
- By several contrary customs, […] many of the civil and canon laws are controlled and derogated.
- (transitive) To detract from (something); to disparage, belittle. [from 16th c.]
- 1642, John Milton, An Apology for Smectymnuus:
- I never thought the human frailty of erring in cases of religion, infamy to a state, no more than to a council: it had therefore been neither civil nor christianly, to derogate the honour of the state for that cause [...].
- 1999, Ziva Kunda, Social Cognition, page 222:
- When the need for self-affirmation is satisfied through other means, one is less compelled to derogate members of negatively stereotyped groups.
- 2001, Russell Cropanzano, Justice in the Workplace, volume II, page 104:
- Bandura (1990) gave a related example of gas chamber operators in Nazi prison camps, who found it necessary to derogate and dehumanize their victims rather than become overwhelmed by distress.
- (transitive, intransitive) To take away (something from something else) in a way which leaves it lessened. [from 16th c.]
- 1532, Thomas More, The Supper of the Lord:
- Anything […] that should derogate, minish, or hurt his glory and his name.
- 1790 November, Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France, and on the Proceedings in Certain Societies in London Relative to that Event. […], London: […] J[ames] Dodsley, […], →OCLC:
- It derogates little from his fortitude, while it adds infinitely to the honor of his humanity.
- (intransitive) To remove a part, to detract from (a quality of excellence, authority etc.). [from 16th c.]
- 1857, Anthony Trollope, Barchester Towers, Volume the Second, →ISBN, page 147:
- In doing so she had derogated from her dignity and committed herself.
- 1946, Bertrand Russell, History of Western Philosophy, I.19:
- God does not have the attributes of a Christian Providence, for it would derogate from His perfection to think about anything except what is perfect, i.e. Himself.
- 1967 December 5, “The undoing of Dodd”, in Time:
- The six-member Committee on Standards and Conduct unanimously recommended that the Senate censure the Connecticut Democrat for behavior that is "contrary to good morals, derogates from the public trust expected of a Senator, and tends to bring the Senate into dishonor and disrepute."
- (intransitive) To act in a manner below oneself; to debase oneself. [from 17th c.]
- 1611 April (first recorded performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Cymbeline”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:
- CLOTEN. Is it fit I went to look upon him? Is there no derogation in't?
SECOND LORD. You cannot derogate, my lord.
- 1830 August, William Hazlitt, edited by P.P. Howe, The Complete Works of William Hazlitt[1], published 1967, page 302:
- Would Charles X. derogate from his ancestors? Would he be the degenerate scion of that royal line?
Usage notes
[edit]The verb is relatively uncommon, but the related adjective derogatory is common.
Synonyms
[edit]- decry
- (to disparage, belittle): vilify
- (to detract from (a quality of excellence, authority etc.)): abase
Antonyms
[edit]- (antonym(s) of “to disparage, belittle”): praise
- (antonym(s) of “to detract from (a quality of excellence, authority etc.)”): exalt
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]to partially repeal
to detract from something; to belittle; disparage
|
to take away or detract from
to remove a part; to detract from (a quality of excellence, authority etc.)
to debase oneself — see debase
Adjective
[edit]derogate (comparative more derogate, superlative most derogate)
- (archaic) debased
- c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv]:
- Dry up in her the organs of increase, / And from her derogate body never spring / A babe to honour her.
Related terms
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Italian
[edit]Verb
[edit]derogate
- inflection of derogare:
Latin
[edit]Verb
[edit]dērogāte
Spanish
[edit]Verb
[edit]derogate
- second-person singular voseo imperative of derogar combined with te
Categories:
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms borrowed from Latin
- English terms derived from Latin
- English 3-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- English lemmas
- English verbs
- English terms with obsolete senses
- English transitive verbs
- English terms with quotations
- English intransitive verbs
- English adjectives
- English terms with archaic senses
- Italian non-lemma forms
- Italian verb forms
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin verb forms
- Spanish non-lemma forms
- Spanish verb forms