ciripel
Hungarian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Split from csiripel (“to chirp, twitter”) + -el. The word-initial c was influenced by German zirpen (“to chirp”). First attested in 1820. [1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]ciripel
- (intransitive, of crickets) to chirp, chirr
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of ciripel
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | ciripelek | ciripelsz | ciripel | ciripelünk | ciripeltek | ciripelnek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | ciripeltem | ciripeltél | ciripelt | ciripeltünk | ciripeltetek | ciripeltek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. ciripelni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | ciripelék | ciripelél | ciripele | ciripelénk | ciripelétek | ciripelének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. ciripel vala, ciripelt vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | ciripelendek | ciripelendesz | ciripelend | ciripelendünk | ciripelendetek | ciripelendenek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | ciripelnék | ciripelnél | ciripelne | ciripelnénk | ciripelnétek | ciripelnének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ciripelt volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | ciripeljek | ciripelj or ciripeljél |
ciripeljen | ciripeljünk | ciripeljetek | ciripeljenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ciripelt légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | ciripelni | ciripelnem | ciripelned | ciripelnie | ciripelnünk | ciripelnetek | ciripelniük | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| ciripelés | ciripelő | ciripelt | ― | ciripelve (ciripelvén) | ciripeltet | ||||
potential conjugation of ciripel
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | ciripelhetek | ciripelhetsz | ciripelhet | ciripelhetünk | ciripelhettek | ciripelhetnek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | ciripelhettem | ciripelhettél | ciripelhetett | ciripelhettünk | ciripelhettetek | ciripelhettek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | ciripelheték | ciripelhetél | ciripelhete | ciripelheténk | ciripelhetétek | ciripelhetének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. ciripelhet vala, ciripelhetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | ciripelhetendek or ciripelandhatok |
ciripelhetendesz or ciripelandhatsz |
ciripelhetend or ciripelandhat |
ciripelhetendünk or ciripelandhatunk |
ciripelhetendetek or ciripelandhattok |
ciripelhetendenek or ciripelandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | ciripelhetnék | ciripelhetnél | ciripelhetne | ciripelhetnénk | ciripelhetnétek | ciripelhetnének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ciripelhetett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | ciripelhessek | ciripelhess or ciripelhessél |
ciripelhessen | ciripelhessünk | ciripelhessetek | ciripelhessenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ciripelhetett légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (ciripelhetni) | (ciripelhetnem) | (ciripelhetned) | (ciripelhetnie) | (ciripelhetnünk) | (ciripelhetnetek) | (ciripelhetniük) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (ciripelhetve / ciripelhetvén) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ ciripel in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
[edit]- (chirp, chirr): ciripel , mostly redirecting to cirpel in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (prattle): ciripel in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- ciripel in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).