alkot
Appearance
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From the same alk- stem as alkuszik (“to bargain”) + -t (instantaneous suffix).[1] The original stem is probably related to Hungarian alkalom (“opportunity”) and alku (“deal”), and it may also be related to Hungarian olt (“to vaccinate”), which may derive from Proto-Uralic *alɜ- (“to add/fasten to something, fit”).[2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]alkot
- (transitive) to create (especially something creative, imaginative, and originative)
- (transitive) to make, make up, form, compose, constitute
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of alkot
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | alkotok | alkotsz | alkot | alkotunk | alkottok | alkotnak | |
Def. | alkotom | alkotod | alkotja | alkotjuk | alkotjátok | alkotják | |||
2nd-p. o. | alkotlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | alkottam | alkottál | alkotott | alkottunk | alkottatok | alkottak | ||
Def. | alkottam | alkottad | alkotta | alkottuk | alkottátok | alkották | |||
2nd-p. o. | alkottalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. alkotni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | alkoték | alkotál | alkota | alkotánk | alkotátok | alkotának | ||
Def. | alkotám | alkotád | alkotá | alkotánk | alkotátok | alkoták | |||
2nd-p. o. | alkotálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. alkot vala, alkotott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | alkotandok | alkotandasz | alkotand | alkotandunk | alkotandotok | alkotandanak | ||
Def. | alkotandom | alkotandod | alkotandja | alkotandjuk | alkotandjátok | alkotandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | alkotandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | alkotnék | alkotnál | alkotna | alkotnánk | alkotnátok | alkotnának | |
Def. | alkotnám | alkotnád | alkotná | alkotnánk (or alkotnók) |
alkotnátok | alkotnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | alkotnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. alkotott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | alkossak | alkoss or alkossál |
alkosson | alkossunk | alkossatok | alkossanak | |
Def. | alkossam | alkosd or alkossad |
alkossa | alkossuk | alkossátok | alkossák | |||
2nd-p. o. | alkossalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. alkotott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | alkotni | alkotnom | alkotnod | alkotnia | alkotnunk | alkotnotok | alkotniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
alkotás | alkotó | alkotott | alkotandó | alkotva (alkotván) | alkottat | ||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of alkot
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | alkothatok | alkothatsz | alkothat | alkothatunk | alkothattok | alkothatnak | |
Def. | alkothatom | alkothatod | alkothatja | alkothatjuk | alkothatjátok | alkothatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | alkothatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | alkothattam | alkothattál | alkothatott | alkothattunk | alkothattatok | alkothattak | ||
Def. | alkothattam | alkothattad | alkothatta | alkothattuk | alkothattátok | alkothatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | alkothattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | alkothaték | alkothatál | alkothata | alkothatánk | alkothatátok | alkothatának | ||
Def. | alkothatám | alkothatád | alkothatá | alkothatánk | alkothatátok | alkothaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | alkothatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. alkothat vala, alkothatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | alkothatandok or alkotandhatok |
alkothatandasz or alkotandhatsz |
alkothatand or alkotandhat |
alkothatandunk or alkotandhatunk |
alkothatandotok or alkotandhattok |
alkothatandanak or alkotandhatnak | ||
Def. | alkothatandom or alkotandhatom |
alkothatandod or alkotandhatod |
alkothatandja or alkotandhatja |
alkothatandjuk or alkotandhatjuk |
alkothatandjátok or alkotandhatjátok |
alkothatandják or alkotandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | alkothatandalak or alkotandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | alkothatnék | alkothatnál | alkothatna | alkothatnánk | alkothatnátok | alkothatnának | |
Def. | alkothatnám | alkothatnád | alkothatná | alkothatnánk (or alkothatnók) |
alkothatnátok | alkothatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | alkothatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. alkothatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | alkothassak | alkothass or alkothassál |
alkothasson | alkothassunk | alkothassatok | alkothassanak | |
Def. | alkothassam | alkothasd or alkothassad |
alkothassa | alkothassuk | alkothassátok | alkothassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | alkothassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. alkothatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (alkothatni) | (alkothatnom) | (alkothatnod) | (alkothatnia) | (alkothatnunk) | (alkothatnotok) | (alkothatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | alkotható | Neg. adj. | alkothatatlan | Adv. part. | (alkothatva / alkothatván) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit](With verbal prefixes):
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ alkot in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
- ^ Entry #1721 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
Further reading
[edit]- alkot in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- alkot in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).