alam
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Estonian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Ultimately derived from ala (“area”).
Noun
[edit]alam (genitive alama, partitive alama)
- inferior, something or someone that is of a lower standing
Inflection
[edit]| Declension of alam (ÕS type 2/õpik, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | alam | alamad | |
| accusative | nom. | ||
| gen. | alama | ||
| genitive | alamate | ||
| partitive | alamat | alamaid | |
| illative | alamasse | alamatesse alamaisse | |
| inessive | alamas | alamates alamais | |
| elative | alamast | alamatest alamaist | |
| allative | alamale | alamatele alamaile | |
| adessive | alamal | alamatel alamail | |
| ablative | alamalt | alamatelt alamailt | |
| translative | alamaks | alamateks alamaiks | |
| terminative | alamani | alamateni | |
| essive | alamana | alamatena | |
| abessive | alamata | alamateta | |
| comitative | alamaga | alamatega | |
Derived terms
[edit]Hiligaynon
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Malay alam, from Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]álam
Derived terms
[edit]Indonesian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈalam/ [ˈa.lam]
- Rhymes: -alam
- Syllabification: a‧lam
Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Malay alam, from Classical Malay عالم (alam), from Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam).[1]
Noun
[edit]alam (first-person possessive alamku, second-person possessive alammu, third-person possessive alamnya)
- universe: the sum of everything that exists in the cosmos, including time and space itself.
- nature: the natural world; that which consists of all things unaffected by or predating human technology, production, and design.
- world
- Synonym: dunia
- realm: a territory or state, as ruled by a specific power, especially by a king.
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Arabic عَلَم (ʕalam, “flag, banner; authority, distinguished man”).[2]
Noun
[edit]alam
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Erwina Burhanuddin, Abdul Gaffar Ruskhan, R.B. Chrismanto (1993) Penelitian kosakata bahasa Arab dalam bahasa Indonesia [Research on Arabic vocabulary in Indonesian][1], Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, →ISBN, →OCLC
- ^ Erwina Burhanuddin, Abdul Gaffar Ruskhan, R.B. Chrismanto (1993) Penelitian kosakata bahasa Arab dalam bahasa Indonesia [Research on Arabic vocabulary in Indonesian][2], Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, →ISBN, →OCLC
Further reading
[edit]- “alam” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Kavalan
[edit]Noun
[edit]alam
Lacandon
[edit]Adverb
[edit]alam
Latin
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- ālam: (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈaː.lam/, [ˈäːɫ̪ä̃ˑ]
- ālam: (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈa.lam/, [ˈäːläm]
- alam: (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈa.lam/, [ˈäɫ̪ä̃ˑ]
- alam: (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈa.lam/, [ˈäːläm]
Noun
[edit]ālam f
Verb
[edit]alam
- inflection of alō:
Malay
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]alam (Jawi spelling عالم, plural alam-alam, informal 1st possessive alamku, 2nd possessive alammu, 3rd possessive alamnya)
- realm, world
- field (of interest)
- (biology, taxonomy) kingdom: A rank in the classification of organisms, below domain and above phylum; a taxon at that rank (e.g. the plant kingdom, the animal kingdom).
- Synonym: kerajaan (Indonesian)
Derived terms
[edit]- alam baqa (“afterlife”)
- alam barzakh (“Islamic afterlife”)
- alam maya (“social media”)
- alam semesta (“universe”)
Descendants
[edit]- Indonesian: alam
Further reading
[edit]- “alam” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Old Irish
[edit]Noun
[edit]alam
Portuguese
[edit]Verb
[edit]alam
Tagalog
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Borrowed from Malay alam, from Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam, “world, universe”), from Aramaic עָלְמָא / ܥܳܠܡܳܐ (ʿāləmā) or Hebrew עוֹלָם (ʿōlām), possibly from Akkadian 𒂖𒆷𒈬𒌋𒀀 (/ellamu, illamu/). Compare Bikol Central aram.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Tagalog)
- Syllabification: a‧lam
Noun
[edit]alám or alam (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜎᜋ᜔)
- knowledge; learning; wisdom
- understanding; sense
- Synonym: unawa
- involvement; participation
- (obsolete) goodwill; kindheartedness
- Synonyms: bait, mabuting-loob
- Malaking lubha ang alam ng loob mo.
- The kindness of your heart is too great.
- (obsolete) gentleness; meekness
- Synonym: amo
- (obsolete) affability
Adjective
[edit]alám (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜎᜋ᜔)
Derived terms
[edit]- alaman
- alamin
- bigay-alam
- dalub-alaman
- hindi alam
- hindi ko alam
- ipaalam
- ipaalam
- ipagbigay-alam
- kaalam
- kaalam-alam
- kaalaman
- kawalang-alam
- kawalang-alam
- kinalaman
- maalam
- magbigay-alam
- magkaalaman
- makaalam
- makialam
- makipag-alam
- malaman
- mapag-alaman
- mapakialam
- nakaaalam
- nakakaalam
- pagbibigay-alam
- pagbigay-alaman
- pagbigyang-alam
- pagkaalam
- pagkakaalam
- pagmaalaman
- pagmamaalam
- pakialam
- pakialaman
- pakialamera
- pakialamero
- pakikipag-alam
- umalam
- walang-kinalaman
- walang-nalalaman
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈʔalam/ [ˈʔaː.lɐm]
- Rhymes: -alam
- Syllabification: a‧lam
Noun
[edit]alam (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜎᜋ᜔) (obsolete)
- notification or request asking permission to proceed
Usage notes
[edit]- The sense is now only used in derived terms.
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “alam”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
- Noceda, Fr. Juan José de, Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860) Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves[3] (in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier
- San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613) Juan de Silva, editor, Vocabulario de lengua tagala: El romance castellano puesto primero[4], La Noble Villa de Pila
- page 27: “Afabilidad) Alam (pp) y buena cõdiciõ”
- page 96: “Auiſar) Alam (pc) haçiendo ſaver algo a alguno”
- page 108: “Benignidad) Alam (pp) de coraçon”
- page 108: “Benigno) Alam (pp) y manſo de coraçon”
- page 110: “Bienacondicionado) Alam (pp) benigno y manſo”
- page 124: “Buena condiçion) Alam (pp) y afable”
- page 180: “Condiçion) Alam (pp) buena”
- page 183: “Consorte) Alam (pp) en lo que hiço alguno, caalam, el tal conſorte”
- page 214: “Dar) Alam [(pp)] licençia al que la pide”
- page 244: “Deſpedirſe) Alam (pp) pidiendo licençia”
- page 389: “Liçençia) Alam (pp) [pedir a] alguno para irſe”
- page 406: “Manſedumbre) Alam (pp) interior y exterior”
- page 406: “Manſo) Alam (pp) que de nada ſe altera”
- page 444: “Noble) Alam (pp) de condiçion y bondad”
- page 446: “Noſe) Alam (pp) loque [ſe me] pregunta”
- page 472: “Pedir) Alam (pp) liçençia para irſe”
- page 538: “Saber) Alam (pp) alguna coſa”
- page 538: “Sabiduria) Alam [(pp)]”
- page 602: “Voluntad) Alam (pp) buena”
Anagrams
[edit]Ternate
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Ultimately from Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]alam
References
[edit]- Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh
Tok Pisin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]alam
Uzbek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Arabic عَلَم (ʕalam).
Noun
[edit]alam (plural alamlar)
Declension
[edit]Declension of alam
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | alam | alamlar |
| genitive | alamning | alamlarning |
| dative | alamga | alamlarga |
| definite accusative | alamni | alamlarni |
| locative | alamda | alamlarda |
| ablative | alamdan | alamlardan |
| similative | alamdek | alamlardek |
Possessive forms of alam
Categories:
- Estonian lemmas
- Estonian nouns
- Estonian õpik-type nominals
- Hiligaynon terms borrowed from Malay
- Hiligaynon terms derived from Malay
- Hiligaynon terms derived from Arabic
- Hiligaynon terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hiligaynon lemmas
- Hiligaynon nouns
- Indonesian 2-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Indonesian/alam
- Rhymes:Indonesian/alam/2 syllables
- Indonesian terms inherited from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Malay
- Indonesian terms inherited from Classical Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Classical Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Arabic
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- Kavalan lemmas
- Kavalan nouns
- Lacandon lemmas
- Lacandon adverbs
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin noun forms
- Latin verb forms
- Malay terms derived from Arabic
- Malay 2-syllable words
- Malay terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Malay/am
- Rhymes:Malay/am/2 syllables
- Malay lemmas
- Malay nouns
- ms:Biology
- ms:Taxonomy
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish nouns
- Portuguese non-lemma forms
- Portuguese verb forms
- Tagalog terms borrowed from Malay
- Tagalog terms derived from Malay
- Tagalog terms derived from Arabic
- Tagalog terms derived from Aramaic
- Tagalog terms derived from Hebrew
- Tagalog terms derived from Akkadian
- Tagalog 2-syllable words
- Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Tagalog/am
- Rhymes:Tagalog/am/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Tagalog/alam
- Rhymes:Tagalog/alam/2 syllables
- Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation
- Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation
- Tagalog lemmas
- Tagalog nouns
- Tagalog terms with Baybayin script
- Tagalog terms with obsolete senses
- Tagalog terms with usage examples
- Tagalog adjectives
- Tagalog obsolete terms
- Ternate terms derived from Arabic
- Ternate terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ternate lemmas
- Ternate nouns
- Tok Pisin terms derived from English
- Tok Pisin lemmas
- Tok Pisin nouns
- Uzbek terms derived from Arabic
- Uzbek terms derived from the Arabic root ع ل م
- Uzbek terms borrowed from Arabic
- Uzbek lemmas
- Uzbek nouns