Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fimf

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *pémpe, with an irregular consonant change of the second *p from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe (“five”), perhaps influenced by the initial *p plus a resonant vowel preceding it; the expected form would have been **finhw. Possibly related to Proto-Germanic *funstiz (“fist”) and *fingraz (“finger”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɸimɸ/

Numeral

Proto-Germanic cardinal numbers

<  4	5	6  >
Cardinal : *fimf     Ordinal : *fimftô     Multiplier : *fimffalþaz

*fimf

1. five

Derived terms

• *fimftiz
• *fimf tigiwiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *fimf
  • Old English: fīf
    • Middle English: five, fife, fif, fyve, vif, vive
      • English: five
      • Scots: five, fif, fife, fyve
      • Yola: veeve
  • Old Frisian: fīf
    • North Frisian:

      Most dialects: fiiw

      Helgoland: fiuw

      Sylt: fif

    • Saterland Frisian: fieuw
    • West Frisian: fiif
  • Old Saxon: fīf, fīvi
    • Middle Low German: vîf
      • German Low German: fiev
      • Plautdietsch: fief
  • Old Dutch: finf, vīf
    • Middle Dutch: vijf
      • Dutch: vijf
        • Afrikaans: vyf
        • Berbice Creole Dutch: faifu, fefu
        • Javindo: fijf
        • Jersey Dutch: vāif
        • Negerhollands: fyf, fev, veif
        • Skepi Creole Dutch: faif
        • Sranan Tongo: feifi
          • Aukan: feifi
        • → Trió: peihpë
      • Limburgish: vief
  • Old High German: fimf
    • Middle High German: vinf, vünf
      • Alemannic German: foif, föif, füüf, fünf

        Alsatian: fénef, fänef, feenef

        Swabian: finf

      • Bavarian: finf

        Cimbrian: vünve, bümbe (Mezzaselva)

        Mòcheno: vinf

      • Central Franconian: fönnef, fennef, fief

        Hunsrik: finnef

      • East Central German: fönff
      • German: fünf
      • Luxembourgish: fënnef
      • Pennsylvania German: fimf
      • Vilamovian: fynf
      • Yiddish: פֿינף (finf)
• Old Norse: fimm, ᚠᛁᛘ (fim), ᚠᛁᛙ (fim) — Runic form
  • Icelandic: fimm
  • Faroese: fimm
  • Norwegian: fem
  • Elfdalian: fem
  • Old Swedish: fæm
    • Swedish: fem
  • Old Danish: fæm
    • Danish: fem
• Gothic: 𐍆𐌹𐌼𐍆 (fimf)
• Crimean Gothic: fyuf