Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/dringeti
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Proto-Celtic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *dregʰ- (“to hold, fasten”). Cognate with Russian держа́ть (deržátʹ, “to hold”).
Verb
[edit]*dringeti
Inflection
[edit]Thematic present, suffixless preterite | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Active voice | ||||
Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
1st singular | *dringū | *dringemam | *didrixsū | *dedroga |
2nd singular | *dringesi | *dringetās | *didrixsesi | *dedrogas? |
3rd singular | *dringeti | *dringeto | *didrixseti | *dedroge |
1st plural | *dringomosi | *dringemo | *didrixsomosi | *dedrogmo |
2nd plural | *dringetesi | *dringestē | *didrixsetesi | *dedroxte |
3rd plural | *dringonti | *dringento | *didrixsonti | *dedrogars |
Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
1st singular | *drexsū | ? | — | |
2nd singular | *drexsesi | ? | *dringe | |
3rd singular | *drexseti | ? | *dringetou | |
1st plural | *drexsomosi | ? | *dringomos | |
2nd plural | *drexsetesi | ? | *dringete | |
3rd plural | *drexsonti | ? | *dringontou | |
Passive voice | ||||
Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
1st singular | *dringūr | — | *didrixsūr | — |
2nd singular | *dringetar | — | *didrixsetar | — |
3rd singular | *dringetor | ? | *didrixsetor | — |
1st plural | *dringommor | — | *didrixsommor | — |
2nd plural | *dringedwe | — | *didrixsedwe | — |
3rd plural | *dringontor | ? | *didrixsontor | — |
Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
1st singular | *drexsūr | — | — | |
2nd singular | *drexsetar | — | — | |
3rd singular | *drexsetor | — | — | |
1st plural | *drexsommor | — | — | |
2nd plural | *drexsedwe | — | — | |
3rd plural | *drexsontor | — | — |
Declension of the past participle | |||
---|---|---|---|
masculine | singular | dual | plural |
nominative | *drixtos | *drixtou | *drixtoi |
vocative | *drixte | *drixtou | *drixtoi |
accusative | *drixtom | *drixtou | *drixtoms |
genitive | *drixtī | *drixtous | *drixtom |
dative | *drixtūi | *drixtobom | *drixtobos |
instrumental | *drixtū | *drixtobim | *drixtobis |
feminine | singular | dual | plural |
nominative | *drixtā | *drixtai | *drixtās |
vocative | *drixtā | *drixtai | *drixtās |
accusative | *drixtam | *drixtai | *drixtams |
genitive | *drixtās | *drixtous | *drixtom |
dative | *drixtai | *drixtābom | *drixtābos |
instrumental | *? | *drixtābim | *drixtābis |
neuter | singular | dual | plural |
nominative | *drixtom | *drixtou | *drixtā |
vocative | *drixtom | *drixtou | *drixtā |
accusative | *drixtom | *drixtou | *drixtā |
genitive | *drixtī | *drixtous | *drixtom |
dative | *drixtūi | *drixtobom | *drixtobos |
instrumental | *drixtū | *drixtobim | *drixtobis |
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Corrected and Revised Ranko Matasović’s Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Brill, Leiden 2009)