-ál

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Hungarian

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

From -á- (linking vowel) + -l (verb-forming suffix).

Suffix

[edit]

-ál

  1. (verb-forming suffix) Same as -l with the -á- linking vowel. Used for integrating loanwords into Hungarian.
    telefon (telephone) + ‎-ál → ‎telefonál (to telephone)
Usage notes
[edit]
  • (verb-forming suffix) Variants:
    -l is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-. Final long vowels may shorten, e.g. űü.
    -ol is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -al is added to other back-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -el is added to unrounded (and some rounded) front-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -öl is added to most rounded front-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -ál is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant

Note: Certain words take another, synonymous suffix, -z/-oz/-az/-ez/-öz/-áz or -zik/-ozik/-azik/-ezik/-özik.

Derived terms
[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]

From the original open, lengthened stem-final vowel connecting to the ancient verb-forming suffix -l.

Suffix

[edit]

-ál

  1. (frequentative suffix) Added to a verb to form a verb that expresses repetitive action.
    dob (to throw) + ‎-ál → ‎dobál (to throw one after the other)
Usage notes
[edit]
  • (frequentative suffix) Variants:
    -ál is added to back-vowel verbs
    -él is added to front-vowel verbs
Derived terms
[edit]

Etymology 3

[edit]

From the original open stem-final vowel connecting to the ancient noun-forming suffix -l.

Suffix

[edit]

-ál

  1. (archaic, noun-forming suffix) Added to a verb to form a noun.
    fon (to weave) + ‎-ál → ‎fonál (thread)
Usage notes
[edit]
  • (noun-forming suffix) Variants:
    -ál is added to back-vowel verbs
    -él is added to front-vowel verbs
  • See also the suffix variants -al/-el.
Derived terms
[edit]

Etymology 4

[edit]

Suffix

[edit]

-ál

  1. (personal suffix) Forms the second-person singular indefinite of verbs. It presents in the past tense as -tál, in conditional mood, as -nál, and in subjunctive mood, as -jál.
    tud (to know)
    Tudtál erről?Did you know about this?
    Tudnál segíteni?Could you help?
    Azt akarta, hogy tudjál róla.He wanted you to know about it. (literally, “…that you should know”)

See also

[edit]