屈
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
|
Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]屈 (Kangxi radical 44, 尸+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 尸山山 (SUU), four-corner 77272, composition ⿸尸出)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 301, character 7
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7669
- Dae Jaweon: page 597, character 14
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 970, character 11
- Unihan data for U+5C48
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
屈 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 屈 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
聉 | *r̥ʰuːlʔ, *ŋrɯd, *ʔr'uːd, *ŋruːd |
贅 | *kljods |
祟 | *sqʰluds |
出 | *kʰljuds, *kʰljud |
茁 | *ʔl'ɯd, *skruːd, *skrod, *skrud |
欪 | *qʰlɯd, *l̥ʰud |
貀 | *ŋr'uːd |
袦 | *ŋr'oːd |
咄 | *ʔl'oːd, *ʔl'uːd |
柮 | *sɡloːd, *ʔl'uːd |
拙 | *kljod |
炪 | *kljod, *l̥ʰud |
掘 | *ɡlod, *ɡlud |
鈯 | *l'uːd |
啒 | *kluːd, *qʰluːd |
淈 | *kluːd, *ɡluːd |
窟 | *kʰluːd |
泏 | *kʰluːd, *ʔl'ud |
堀 | *kʰluːd, *ɡlud |
胐 | *kʰluːd |
窋 | *ʔl'ud |
絀 | *ʔl'ud |
黜 | *l̥ʰud |
屈 | *klud, *kʰlud |
趉 | *klud |
鶌 | *klud |
詘 | *kʰlud |
倔 | *ɡlud |
崛 | *ɡlud, *ŋɡlud |
Originally 𡲶. Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *klud, *kʰlud) : phonetic 出 (OC *kʰljuds, *kʰljud) + semantic 尾 (“tail”). 尾 became 尸 in clerical script.
Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation 1
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): qyeh4
- Northern Min (KCR): kṳ̆
- Eastern Min (BUC): kók
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7chioq; 7chiuq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄩ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cyu
- Wade–Giles: chʻü1
- Yale: chyū
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiu
- Palladius: цюй (cjuj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: wat1
- Yale: wāt
- Cantonese Pinyin: wat7
- Guangdong Romanization: wed1
- Sinological IPA (key): /wɐt̚⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: kut2 / vut2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰut̚⁵⁵/, /vut̚⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khut / khiut
- Hakka Romanization System: kudˋ / kiudˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: kud5 / kiud5
- Sinological IPA: /kʰut̚²/, /kʰi̯ut̚²/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: qyeh4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰyəʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: kṳ̆
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰy²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: kók
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰouʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- “to bend; to restrict”.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: kug4 / kuh4 / kug8 / kuh8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khuk / khuh / khu̍k / khu̍h
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰuk̚²/, /kʰuʔ²/, /kʰuk̚⁴/, /kʰuʔ⁴/
Note:
- kuh4 - dialectal ("to curl, to coil");
- kug8 - dialectal ("short");
- kuh8 - dialectal (in 屈屈 - tired, lethargic).
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 屈 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/ |
Harbin | /t͡ɕʰy⁴⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /t͡ɕʰy²¹/ | |
Jinan | /t͡ɕʰy²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/ | |
Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕʰy²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /t͡ɕʰy²¹/ | |
Xining | /t͡ɕʰy⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /t͡ɕʰy¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /t͡ɕʰy³¹/ | |
Ürümqi | /t͡ɕʰy⁴⁴/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡ɕʰy²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡ɕʰyo³¹/ /t͡ɕʰy³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡ɕʰiu²¹/ | |
Kunming | /t͡ɕʰiu³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /t͡ɕʰyʔ⁵/ | |
Hefei | /t͡ɕʰyəʔ⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕʰyəʔ²/ |
Pingyao | /t͡ɕʰyʌʔ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /t͡ɕʰyəʔ⁴³/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/ /t͡ɕʰyɪʔ⁵/ |
Suzhou | /t͡ɕʰyəʔ⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /t͡ɕʰy²¹³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰyeʔ²¹/ |
Tunxi | /t͡ɕʰy⁵/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕʰy²⁴/ |
Xiangtan | /t͡ɕʰy²⁴/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕʰyʔ⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /kʰiut̚¹/ |
Taoyuan | /kʰut̚²²/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /wɐt̚⁵/ |
Nanning | /wɐt̚⁵⁵/ | |
Hong Kong | /wɐt̚⁵/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kʰut̚³²/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kʰouʔ²³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /kʰy²⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /kʰuk̚²/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /xut̚⁵/ |
- Middle Chinese: kjut, khjut
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*Nə-[kʰ]ut/, /*[kʰ]ut/
- (Zhengzhang): /*klud/, /*kʰlud/
Definitions
[edit]屈
- to bend; to flex
- bent; crooked
- to condescend
- to submit; to yield
- to subdue; to cause to submit
- to treat unjustly; to wrong
- to be in the wrong
- (Cantonese) to frame; to accuse
- (Hong Kong Cantonese) Short for 屈機/屈机.
- (Mainland China Hokkien) to restrict; to restrain; to constrain
- a surname
Compounds
[edit]- 不屈 (bùqū)
- 不屈不撓/不屈不挠 (bùqūbùnáo)
- 不戰而屈人之兵/不战而屈人之兵 (bù zhàn ér qū rén zhī bīng)
- 交臂屈膝
- 以屈求伸
- 低頭屈膝/低头屈膝
- 佶屈聱牙 (jíqū'áoyá)
- 傷屈/伤屈
- 冤天屈地
- 冤屈 (yuānqū)
- 力屈勢窮/力屈势穷
- 力屈計窮/力屈计穷
- 力屈道窮/力屈道穷
- 卑躬屈節/卑躬屈节 (bēigōng-qūjié)
- 卑躬屈膝 (bēigōng-qūxī)
- 受委屈
- 受屈 (shòuqū)
- 口屈
- 叫屈 (jiàoqū)
- 含冤負屈/含冤负屈
- 喊冤叫屈
- 堅貞不屈/坚贞不屈 (jiānzhēnbùqū)
- 大屈
- 大直若屈
- 委屈
- 威武不屈
- 寧死不屈/宁死不屈 (níngsǐbùqū)
- 小屈大伸
- 尺蠖之屈
- 屈一伸萬/屈一伸万
- 屈伸 (qūshēn)
- 屈光度
- 屈原 (Qūyuán)
- 屈奇
- 屈宋
- 屈尊 (qūzūn)
- 屈尊敬賢/屈尊敬贤
- 屈就 (qūjiù)
- 屈己待人 (qūjǐ dàirén)
- 屈己從人/屈己从人
- 屈座
- 屈從/屈从 (qūcóng)
- 屈心
- 屈志
- 屈意奉承
- 屈戌
- 屈才 (qūcái)
- 屈打成招 (qūdǎchéngzhāo)
- 屈折 (qūzhé)
- 屈折語/屈折语 (qūzhéyǔ)
- 屈招
- 屈指 (qūzhǐ)
- 屈指一算 (qūzhǐyīsuàn)
- 屈指可數/屈指可数 (qūzhǐkěshǔ)
- 屈撓/屈挠 (qūnáo)
- 屈曲 (qūqū)
- 屈服 (qūfú)
- 屈枉
- 屈死
- 屈死鬼
- 屈沉
- 屈滯/屈滞
- 屈漾
- 屈節/屈节 (qūjié)
- 屈膝 (qūxī)
- 屈蛇
- 屈蟠
- 屈豔班香/屈艳班香
- 屈身 (qūshēn)
- 屈身下士
- 屈辱 (qūrǔ)
- 屈量
- 屈駕/屈驾 (qūjià)
- 情見力屈/情见力屈
- 情見勢屈/情见势屈
- 懷冤抱屈/怀冤抱屈 (huáiyuānbàoqū)
- 才過屈宋/才过屈宋
- 抱屈 (bàoqū)
- 指不勝屈/指不胜屈
- 摧志屈道
- 撞天屈
- 有屈無伸/有屈无伸
- 枉屈
- 理屈 (lǐqū)
- 理屈事窮/理屈事穷
- 理屈詞窮/理屈词穷 (lǐqūcíqióng)
- 白屈菜 (báiqūcài)
- 絕不屈服/绝不屈服
- 老屈
- 能屈能伸
- 臨難不屈/临难不屈
- 至死不屈
- 蜷屈
- 蠖屈
- 蠖屈求伸
- 衙官屈宋
- 計窮力屈/计穷力屈
- 詞窮理屈/词穷理屈 (cíqiónglǐqū)
- 詰屈/诘屈 (jiéqū)
- 詰屈聱牙/诘屈聱牙 (jíqū'áoyá)
- 誓死不屈 (shìsǐbùqū)
- 負屈/负屈
- 負屈含冤/负屈含冤
- 負屈銜冤/负屈衔冤
- 銜冤負屈/衔冤负屈
- 頑強不屈/顽强不屈
- 首屈一指 (shǒuqūyīzhǐ)
- 鳴冤叫屈/鸣冤叫屈
- 龔勝不屈/龚胜不屈
Pronunciation 2
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄝˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jyué
- Wade–Giles: chüeh2
- Yale: jywé
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyue
- Palladius: цзюэ (czjue)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gwat6
- Yale: gwaht
- Cantonese Pinyin: gwat9
- Guangdong Romanization: gued6
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʷɐt̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
[edit]屈
- † short
- † to use up; to exhaust
- † Alternative form of 倔 (“stubborn; obstinate”)
- † Alternative form of 崛 (jué, “exotic”)
- † Alternative form of 崛 (jué, “to rise abruptly”)
Compounds
[edit]Pronunciation 3
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄝˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cyuè
- Wade–Giles: chʻüeh4
- Yale: chywè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiueh
- Palladius: цюэ (cjue)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
[edit]屈
- Only used in 屈狄 (quèdí, “a kind of noblewomen's clothing in ancient China”).
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]屈
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: くち (kuchi); ごち (gochi)
- Kan-on: くつ (kutsu, Jōyō)
- Kun: かがむ (kagamu, 屈む); かがまる (kagamaru, 屈まる); かがめる (kagameru, 屈める)
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]屈: Hán Nôm readings: khuất, quất
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Categories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Northern Min lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
- Taishanese hanzi
- Hakka hanzi
- Jin hanzi
- Northern Min hanzi
- Eastern Min hanzi
- Hokkien hanzi
- Teochew hanzi
- Wu hanzi
- Middle Chinese hanzi
- Old Chinese hanzi
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Taishanese verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Jin verbs
- Northern Min verbs
- Eastern Min verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Teochew verbs
- Wu verbs
- Middle Chinese verbs
- Old Chinese verbs
- Chinese adjectives
- Mandarin adjectives
- Cantonese adjectives
- Taishanese adjectives
- Hakka adjectives
- Jin adjectives
- Northern Min adjectives
- Eastern Min adjectives
- Hokkien adjectives
- Teochew adjectives
- Wu adjectives
- Middle Chinese adjectives
- Old Chinese adjectives
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 屈
- Cantonese Chinese
- Cantonese terms with usage examples
- Hong Kong Cantonese
- Chinese short forms
- Mainland China Chinese
- Hokkien Chinese
- Chinese surnames
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Chinese terms with obsolete senses
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading くち
- Japanese kanji with goon reading ごち
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading くつ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading かが・む
- Japanese kanji with kun reading かが・まる
- Japanese kanji with kun reading かが・める
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Korean hanja forms
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters