勇士

Chinese

		brave	scholar; warrior; knight
trad. (勇士)		勇	士
simp. #(勇士)		勇	士

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yǒngshì

  (Zhuyin): ㄩㄥˇ ㄕˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jung⁵ si⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yúng-sṳ
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): ióng-sǐr / ióng-sū

  (Teochew, Peng'im): iong² se⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yǒngshì
    • Zhuyin: ㄩㄥˇ ㄕˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yǒngshìh
    • Wade–Giles: yung³-shih⁴
    • Yale: yǔng-shr̀
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeongshyh
    • Palladius: юнши (junši)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 勇士 永世 永逝

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jung⁵ si⁶
    • Yale: yúhng sih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jung⁵ si⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yung⁵ xi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jʊŋ¹³ siː²²/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yúng-sṳ
    • Hakka Romanization System: iung^ˋ sii
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yung³ si⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /i̯uŋ³¹ sɨ⁵⁵/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yúng-sṳ
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)iung^ˋ sii
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yung³ si⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯uŋ³¹ sɨ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ióng-sǐr
    • Tâi-lô: ióng-sǐr
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /iɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sɯ²²/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ióng-sū
    • Tâi-lô: ióng-sū
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iofngsu
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /iɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su²²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ su³³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /iɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: iong² se⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ióng sṳ̆
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ioŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ sɯ³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: yowngX dzriX

Rime
Character	勇	士
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)	崇 (20)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	余隴切	鉏里切
Baxter	yowngX	dzriX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨoŋX/	/d͡ʒɨX/
Pan Wuyun	/jioŋX/	/ɖ͡ʐɨX/
Shao Rongfen	/ioŋX/	/d͡ʒieX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/juawŋX/	/ɖ͡ʐɨX/
Li Rong	/ioŋX/	/d͡ʒiəX/
Wang Li	/jĭwoŋX/	/d͡ʒĭəX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i̯woŋX/	/ɖ͡ʐʱiX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yǒng	zhì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jung5	zi6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*loŋʔ  [m-s-]rəʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*loŋʔ  zrɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	勇	士
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yǒng	shì
Middle Chinese	‹ yowngX ›	‹ dzriX ›
Old Chinese	/*loŋʔ/	/*[m-s-]rəʔ/
English	brave	officer; gentleman
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	勇	士
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	15449	11511
Phonetic component	用	士
Rime group	東	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	勇	士
Old Chinese	/*loŋʔ/	/*zrɯʔ/

Noun

勇士

1. brave person
2. warrior

Synonyms

• (warrior):

edit

• 健兒／健儿 (jiàn'ér)
• 壯士／壮士 (zhuàngshì)
• 戰士／战士 (zhànshì)
• 武人 (wǔrén)
• 武士 (wǔshì)
• 猛士 (měngshì)
• 虎賁／虎贲 (hǔbēn) (archaic)
• 鬥士／斗士 (dòushì)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (勇士):

• → Japanese: 勇(ゆう)士(し) (yūshi)
• → Korean: 용사(勇士) (yongsa)
• → Vietnamese: dũng sĩ (勇士)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
勇	士
ゆう Grade: 4	し Grade: 5
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ゆうし [yúꜜùshì] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [jɯ̟ːɕi]

Noun

勇(ゆう)士(し) • (yūshi) 

1. brave person, warrior

   Synonym: 勇者

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
勇	士
ゆう Grade: 4	じ Grade: 5
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [jɯ̟ːʑi]

Proper noun

勇(ゆう)士(じ) • (Yūji) 

1. a male given name

Korean

Hanja in this term
勇	士

Noun

勇士 • (yongsa) (hangeul 용사)

1. hanja form^? of 용사 (“brave person; warrior”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
勇	士

Noun

勇士

1. chữ Hán form of dũng sĩ (“courageous person”).