दुःख
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Hindi
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- दुख (dukh)
Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit दुःख (duḥkha). Cognate with Assamese দুখ (dukh), Bengali দু:খ (duḥkho), Odia ଦୁଃଖ (duḥkha), Marathi दुःख (duḥkha), Nepali दुःख (duḥkh), Gujarati દુઃખ (duḥkha), English dukkha.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]दुःख • (duḥkh) m (Urdu spelling دکھ)
Declension
[edit]Declension of दुःख (masc cons-stem)
References
[edit]- Bahri, Hardev (1989) “दुःख”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
Nepali
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- दुख (dukha)
Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit दुःख (duḥkha).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]दुःख • (duḥkha)
- sorrow, grief, sadness
- suffering, distress
- trouble, hardship
- Synonym: तकलीफ (taklīph)
- shortage, need
References
[edit]- “दुःख”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary][1], Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018
- Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993) “दुःख”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- दुᳵख (duxkha)
Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- দুঃখ (Assamese script)
- ᬤᬸᬄᬔ (Balinese script)
- দুঃখ (Bengali script)
- 𑰟𑰲𑰾𑰏 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀤𑀼𑀂𑀔 (Brahmi script)
- ဒုးခ (Burmese script)
- દુઃખ (Gujarati script)
- ਦੁਃਖ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌦𑍁𑌃𑌖 (Grantha script)
- ꦢꦸꦃꦑ (Javanese script)
- 𑂠𑂳𑂂𑂎 (Kaithi script)
- ದುಃಖ (Kannada script)
- ទុះខ (Khmer script)
- ທຸະຂ (Lao script)
- ദുഃഖ (Malayalam script)
- ᡩᡠᢁᡘᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘟𑘳𑘾𑘏 (Modi script)
- ᢑᠤᢁ᠋ᠻᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦿𑧔𑧟𑦯 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐡𑐸𑑅𑐏 (Newa script)
- ଦୁଃଖ (Odia script)
- ꢣꢸꢁꢓ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆢𑆶𑆂𑆒 (Sharada script)
- 𑖟𑖲𑖾𑖏 (Siddham script)
- දුඃඛ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩭𑩒𑪗𑩝 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚛𑚰𑚬𑚋 (Takri script)
- து³𑌃க² (Tamil script)
- దుఃఖ (Telugu script)
- ทุะข (Thai script)
- དུཿ་ཁ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒠𑒳𑓁𑒐 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨛𑨃𑨹𑨌 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]Probably reborrowed from a Prakrit form of earlier दुःस्थ (duḥstha, “poor”), from दुस्- (dus-) + स्थ (stha).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]दुःख • (duḥkhá) stem, n
Declension
[edit]Neuter a-stem declension of दुःख (duḥkhá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | दुःखम् duḥkhám |
दुःखे duḥkhé |
दुःखानि / दुःखा¹ duḥkhā́ni / duḥkhā́¹ |
Vocative | दुःख dúḥkha |
दुःखे dúḥkhe |
दुःखानि / दुःखा¹ dúḥkhāni / dúḥkhā¹ |
Accusative | दुःखम् duḥkhám |
दुःखे duḥkhé |
दुःखानि / दुःखा¹ duḥkhā́ni / duḥkhā́¹ |
Instrumental | दुःखेन duḥkhéna |
दुःखाभ्याम् duḥkhā́bhyām |
दुःखैः / दुःखेभिः¹ duḥkhaíḥ / duḥkhébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | दुःखाय duḥkhā́ya |
दुःखाभ्याम् duḥkhā́bhyām |
दुःखेभ्यः duḥkhébhyaḥ |
Ablative | दुःखात् duḥkhā́t |
दुःखाभ्याम् duḥkhā́bhyām |
दुःखेभ्यः duḥkhébhyaḥ |
Genitive | दुःखस्य duḥkhásya |
दुःखयोः duḥkháyoḥ |
दुःखानाम् duḥkhā́nām |
Locative | दुःखे duḥkhé |
दुःखयोः duḥkháyoḥ |
दुःखेषु duḥkhéṣu |
Notes |
|
Descendants
[edit]- Assamese: দুখ (dukh)
- Punjabi: ਦੁੱਖ (dukkha)
- Romani: dukh
- → Bengali: দুঃখ (dukkho)
- → Bikol Central: dukha
- → Hindi: दुःख (duḥkh)
- → Kannada: ದುಃಖ (duḥkha)
- → Malayalam: ദുഃഖം (duḥkhaṁ)
- → Marathi: दुःख (duḥkha)
- → Nepali: दुःख (duḥkha)
- → Pali: dukkha
- → Tagalog: dukha
- ⇒ Hindi: दुख (dukh)
- ⇒ Urdu: دکھ (dukh)
- → Tamil: துக்கம் (tukkam)
- → Telugu: దుఃఖము (duḥkhamu)
Adjective
[edit]दुःख • (duḥkhá)
Categories:
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi masculine nouns
- Hindi terms with usage examples
- Hindi masculine consonant-stem nouns
- hi:Emotions
- Nepali terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Nepali terms derived from Sanskrit
- Nepali terms with IPA pronunciation
- Nepali lemmas
- Nepali nouns
- ne:Emotions
- Sanskrit terms borrowed from Prakrit languages
- Sanskrit terms derived from Prakrit languages
- Sanskrit terms prefixed with दुस्-
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit neuter nouns
- Sanskrit a-stem nouns
- Sanskrit adjectives
- sa:Emotions
- Sanskrit terms borrowed back into Sanskrit