τρόχις

Ancient Greek

Etymology

An o-grade derivative of the root of τρέχω (trékhō, “I run”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰregʰ-.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /tró.kʰis/ → /ˈtro.çis/ → /ˈtro.çis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tró.kʰis/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈtro.kʰis/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈtro.çis/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈtro.çis/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈtro.çis/

Noun

τρόχῐς • (trókhis) m (genitive τρόχεως or τρόχῐος); third declension

1. a courier, a messenger, a runner, a footman
   • 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 941–943:

     ἀλλ’ εἰσορῶ γὰρ τόνδε τὸν Διὸς τρόχιν,
     τὸν τοῦ τυράννου τοῦ νέου διάκονον:
     πάντως τι καινὸν ἀγγελῶν ἐλήλυθεν.

     all’ eisorô gàr tónde tòn Diòs trókhin,
     tòn toû turánnou toû néou diákonon:
     pántōs ti kainòn angelôn elḗluthen.

   • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Inach. in PTeb..692.ii.6
   • Oppian, Halieutica 2.634

Declension

Third declension of ὁ τρόχῐς; τοῦ τρόχεως (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ τρόχῐς ho trókhis	τὼ τρόχει tṑ trókhei	οἱ τρόχεις hoi trókheis
Genitive	τοῦ τρόχεως toû trókheōs	τοῖν τροχέοιν toîn trokhéoin	τῶν τρόχεων tôn trókheōn
Dative	τῷ τρόχει tôi trókhei	τοῖν τροχέοιν toîn trokhéoin	τοῖς τρόχεσῐ / τρόχεσῐν toîs trókhesi(n)
Accusative	τὸν τρόχῐν tòn trókhin	τὼ τρόχει tṑ trókhei	τοὺς τρόχεις toùs trókheis
Vocative	τρόχῐ trókhi	τρόχει trókhei	τρόχεις trókheis
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of ὁ τρόχῐς; τοῦ τρόχῐος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ τρόχῐς ho trókhis	τὼ τρόχῐε tṑ trókhie	οἱ τρόχῐες hoi trókhies
Genitive	τοῦ τρόχῐος toû trókhios	τοῖν τροχῐ́οιν toîn trokhíoin	τῶν τροχῐ́ων tôn trokhíōn
Dative	τῷ τρόχῑ tôi trókhī	τοῖν τροχῐ́οιν toîn trokhíoin	τοῖς τρόχῐσῐ / τρόχῐσῐν toîs trókhisi(n)
Accusative	τὸν τρόχῐν tòn trókhin	τὼ τρόχῐε tṑ trókhie	τοὺς τρόχῑς / τρόχῐᾰς toùs trókhīs / trókhias
Vocative	τρόχῐ trókhi	τρόχῐε trókhie	τρόχῐες trókhies
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

References

• “τρόχις”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press