παχύς
Appearance
See also: πᾶχυς
Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Hellenic *pəkʰús, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰn̥ǵʰús, from *bʰenǵʰ- (“thick, fat”). Cognates include Sanskrit बहु (bahu) and Avestan 𐬠𐬄𐬰𐬀𐬵 (bązah).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pa.kʰýs/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /paˈkʰys/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /paˈçys/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /paˈçys/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /paˈçis/
Adjective
[edit]πᾰχῠ́ς • (pakhús) m (feminine πᾰχεῖᾰ, neuter πᾰχῠ́); first/third declension
Declension
[edit]Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | πᾰχῠ́ς pakhús |
πᾰχεῖᾰ pakheîa |
πᾰχῠ́ pakhú |
πᾰχέε pakhée |
πᾰχείᾱ pakheíā |
πᾰχέε pakhée |
πᾰχεῖς pakheîs |
πᾰχεῖαι pakheîai |
πᾰχέᾰ pakhéa | |||||
Genitive | πᾰχέος pakhéos |
πᾰχείᾱς pakheíās |
πᾰχέος pakhéos |
πᾰχέοιν pakhéoin |
πᾰχείαιν pakheíain |
πᾰχέοιν pakhéoin |
πᾰχέων pakhéōn |
πᾰχειῶν pakheiôn |
πᾰχέων pakhéōn | |||||
Dative | πᾰχεῖ pakheî |
πᾰχείᾳ pakheíāi |
πᾰχεῖ pakheî |
πᾰχέοιν pakhéoin |
πᾰχείαιν pakheíain |
πᾰχέοιν pakhéoin |
πᾰχέσῐ / πᾰχέσῐν pakhési(n) |
πᾰχείαις pakheíais |
πᾰχέσῐ / πᾰχέσῐν pakhési(n) | |||||
Accusative | πᾰχῠ́ν pakhún |
πᾰχεῖᾰν pakheîan |
πᾰχῠ́ pakhú |
πᾰχέε pakhée |
πᾰχείᾱ pakheíā |
πᾰχέε pakhée |
πᾰχεῖς pakheîs |
πᾰχείᾱς pakheíās |
πᾰχέᾰ pakhéa | |||||
Vocative | πᾰχῠ́ pakhú |
πᾰχεῖᾰ pakheîa |
πᾰχῠ́ pakhú |
πᾰχέε pakhée |
πᾰχείᾱ pakheíā |
πᾰχέε pakhée |
πᾰχεῖς pakheîs |
πᾰχεῖαι pakheîai |
πᾰχέᾰ pakhéa | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
πᾰχέως pakhéōs |
πᾰχῠ́τερος / πᾰχῐ́ων pakhúteros / pakhíōn |
πᾰχῠ́τᾰτος / πᾰ́χῐστος pakhútatos / pákhistos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | πᾰχῠ́ς pakhús |
πᾰχεῖᾰ pakheîa |
πᾰχῠ́ pakhú |
πᾰχέε pakhée |
πᾰχείᾱ pakheíā |
πᾰχέε pakhée |
πᾰχέες pakhées |
πᾰχεῖαι pakheîai |
πᾰχέᾰ pakhéa | |||||
Genitive | πᾰχέος pakhéos |
πᾰχείης pakheíēs |
πᾰχέος pakhéos |
πᾰχέοιῐν pakhéoiin |
πᾰχείαιν / πᾰχείαιῐν / πᾰχείῃῐν pakheíai(i)n / pakheíēiin |
πᾰχέοιῐν pakhéoiin |
πᾰχέων pakhéōn |
πᾰχειᾱ́ων / πᾰχειέ͜ων / πᾰχειῶν pakheiā́ōn / pakheié͜ōn / pakheiôn |
πᾰχέων pakhéōn | |||||
Dative | πᾰχεῖ pakheî |
πᾰχείῃ pakheíēi |
πᾰχεῖ pakheî |
πᾰχέοιῐν pakhéoiin |
πᾰχείαιν / πᾰχείαιῐν / πᾰχείῃῐν pakheíai(i)n / pakheíēiin |
πᾰχέοιῐν pakhéoiin |
πᾰχέεσσῐ / πᾰχέεσσῐν / πᾰχέεσῐ / πᾰχέεσῐν / πᾰχέσῐ / πᾰχέσῐν pakhéessi(n) / pakhéesi(n) / pakhési(n) |
πᾰχείῃσῐ / πᾰχείῃσῐν / πᾰχείῃς / πᾰχείαις pakheíēisi(n) / pakheíēis / pakheíais |
πᾰχέεσσῐ / πᾰχέεσσῐν / πᾰχέεσῐ / πᾰχέεσῐν / πᾰχέσῐ / πᾰχέσῐν pakhéessi(n) / pakhéesi(n) / pakhési(n) | |||||
Accusative | πᾰχῠ́ν pakhún |
πᾰχεῖᾰν pakheîan |
πᾰχῠ́ pakhú |
πᾰχέε pakhée |
πᾰχείᾱ pakheíā |
πᾰχέε pakhée |
πᾰχέᾰς pakhéas |
πᾰχείᾱς pakheíās |
πᾰχέᾰ pakhéa | |||||
Vocative | πᾰχῠ́ pakhú |
πᾰχεῖᾰ pakheîa |
πᾰχῠ́ pakhú |
πᾰχέε pakhée |
πᾰχείᾱ pakheíā |
πᾰχέε pakhée |
πᾰχέες pakhées |
πᾰχεῖαι pakheîai |
πᾰχέᾰ pakhéa | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
πᾰχέως pakhéōs |
πᾰ́σσων pássōn |
πᾰ́χῐστος pákhistos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Derived terms
[edit]- πάχος (pákhos)
- πᾰχῠδᾰ́κτῠλος (pakhudáktulos)
- πᾰχῠ́δερμος (pakhúdermos)
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- “πᾰχύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “παχύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “παχύς”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- παχύς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- παχύς in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Ancient Greek πᾰχῠ́ς (pakhús).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]παχύς • (pachýs) m (feminine παχιά, neuter παχύ)
- fat, a formal synonym of χοντρός (chontrós)
- incrassate
- overweight
- thick
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
nominative | παχύς (pachýs) | παχιά (pachiá) | παχύ (pachý) | παχιοί (pachioí) | παχιές (pachiés) | παχιά (pachiá) | |
genitive | παχιού (pachioú) παχύ (pachý) |
παχιάς (pachiás) | παχιού (pachioú) παχύ (pachý) |
παχιών (pachión) | παχιών (pachión) | παχιών (pachión) | |
accusative | παχύ (pachý) | παχιά (pachiá) | παχύ (pachý) | παχιούς (pachioús) | παχιές (pachiés) | παχιά (pachiá) | |
vocative | παχύ (pachý) | παχιά (pachiá) | παχύ (pachý) | παχιοί (pachioí) | παχιές (pachiés) | παχιά (pachiá) |
Notes: There are in use some learned forms:
παχέος: masculine and neuter genitive singular
παχείς: masculine plural
Derivations:
Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο παχύς, etc.)
Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο παχύς, etc.)
Degrees of comparison by suffixation
comparative | singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | παχύτερος (pachýteros) | παχύτερη (pachýteri) | παχύτερο (pachýtero) | παχύτεροι (pachýteroi) | παχύτερες (pachýteres) | παχύτερα (pachýtera) |
genitive | παχύτερου (pachýterou) | παχύτερης (pachýteris) | παχύτερου (pachýterou) | παχύτερων (pachýteron) | παχύτερων (pachýteron) | παχύτερων (pachýteron) |
accusative | παχύτερο (pachýtero) | παχύτερη (pachýteri) | παχύτερο (pachýtero) | παχύτερους (pachýterous) | παχύτερες (pachýteres) | παχύτερα (pachýtera) |
vocative | παχύτερε (pachýtere) | παχύτερη (pachýteri) | παχύτερο (pachýtero) | παχύτεροι (pachýteroi) | παχύτερες (pachýteres) | παχύτερα (pachýtera) |
derivations | relative superlative: ο + comparative forms (eg "ο παχύτερος", etc) | |||||
Absolute superlative | singular | plural | ||||
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | παχύτατος (pachýtatos) | παχύτατη (pachýtati) | παχύτατο (pachýtato) | παχύτατοι (pachýtatoi) | παχύτατες (pachýtates) | παχύτατα (pachýtata) |
genitive | παχύτατου (pachýtatou) | παχύτατης (pachýtatis) | παχύτατου (pachýtatou) | παχύτατων (pachýtaton) | παχύτατων (pachýtaton) | παχύτατων (pachýtaton) |
accusative | παχύτατο (pachýtato) | παχύτατη (pachýtati) | παχύτατο (pachýtato) | παχύτατους (pachýtatous) | παχύτατες (pachýtates) | παχύτατα (pachýtata) |
vocative | παχύτατε (pachýtate) | παχύτατη (pachýtati) | παχύτατο (pachýtato) | παχύτατοι (pachýtatoi) | παχύτατες (pachýtates) | παχύτατα (pachýtata) |
Antonyms
[edit]- λεπτός (leptós), λιπόσαρκος (lipósarkos)
- less frequent: άπαχος (ápachos) in sense: "not fat, thin"
Related terms
[edit]- ανισοπαχής (anisopachís), ανσιόπαχος (ansiópachos)
- αντιπαχυντικός (antipachyntikós)
- άπαχος (ápachos, “thin, lean”)
- απάχυντος (apáchyntos, “unfattened”)
- γεροντόπαχο n (gerontópacho)
- ισοπαχής (isopachís),ισόπαχος (isópachos)
- παχαίνω (pachaíno)
- παχάκι n (pacháki) (diminutive)
- παχόμετρο n (pachómetro)
- πάχος n (páchos, “fatness”)
- παχουλός (pachoulós)
- παχυδερμία f (pachydermía)
- παχυδερμισμός m (pachydermismós)
- παχύδερμο n (pachýdermo)
- παχύδερμος (pachýdermos)
- παχύ έντερο (pachý éntero)
- παχυλός (pachylós)
- παχύμετρο n (pachýmetro)
- πάχυνση f (páchynsi, “fattening”)
- παχυντικός (pachyntikós, “fattening”)
- παχύνω (pachýno)
- παχύρρευστος (pachýrrefstos)
- παχυσαρκία f (pachysarkía, “obesity”)
- παχύσαρκος (pachýsarkos, “obese”)
- παχύσωμος (pachýsomos)
- παχύτητα f (pachýtita)
- τετράπαχος (tetrápachos)
Further reading
[edit]- παχύς, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek adjectives
- Ancient Greek oxytone terms
- Greek terms inherited from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Greek lemmas
- Greek adjectives
- Greek adjectives in declension ύς-ιά-ύ