za

See also: Appendix:Variations of "za"

Translingual

Symbol

za

1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Zhuang.

English

Etymology 1

Shortened from pizza.

Alternative forms

• 'za

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zɑː/
• Rhymes: -ɑː

Noun

za (countable and uncountable, plural zas)

1. (US, Canada, slang, 1970s, 1980s) Pizza.
   • 1994, Sara Borins, The Real Guide to Canadian Universities, →ISBN, page 130:

     In fact, not ordering a SUB or ZA (pizza) is almost impossible since places to eat in Sackville include Subway (subs), Ed's (subs), Joey's (subs and za), Pizza Delight (mostly za), The Snack Shop (subs and za) and One Plus One (subs and za).

   • 2006, Lee Simon, The restaurant dream?: an inside look at restaurant development, from concept to reality, →ISBN, page 44:

     But Chris, using some of his dated terminology, insisted that he wanted "za" for dinner. Back when Chris was a youngster in college, "za" was short for pizza--as if pizza were a lengthy word needing abbreviating.

   • 2010, Jim Butcher, Turn Coat:

     They call me the Za-Lord.

Translations

pizza — see pizza

Etymology 2

From an apheretic pronunciation of exotic. Compare zaza (“exotic marijuana”).

Noun

za (uncountable)

1. (slang) Exotic marijuana.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:marijuana

   • 2021 April 23, “Just Say Det”, in A Gangsta's Pain‎^[1], performed by Moneybagg Yo:

     Give me some Za, Percs, drank (Wow) / Lambo starburst paint (Wow)

   • 2021 December 3, “What They Gon Say”‎^[2]performed by Ron Suno:

     I'm off the za, I'm smoking opps / He tryna run, he catch a shot (Boom)

   • 2023 April 3, “A2Z/Euphoria 2”‎^[3]performed by BabyTron:

     Heavy on the za, but with the shrooms, I'm micro dosin' / Got the mini K up in the goose, I'm micro coatin'

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zə/
• Rhymes: -ə

Article

za

1. Nonstandard spelling of the, mimicking foreign accents.

   Synonym: ze

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zə˧˥/, /zɑ˧˥/

Interjection

za

1. An expression of surprise or confusion; compare wha, huh, eh.
   • 2022 May 11, Dan Shive, El Goonish Shive (webcomic), Comic for Wednesday, May 11, 2022:

     "Really, the best evidence that Liam was under mind control is that everyone here is still alive." "Za?"

References

• “za n.”, in Green’s Dictionary of Slang, Jonathon Green, 2016–present

Further reading

• “za”, in Urban Dictionary, launched 1999.

Anagrams

• AZ, az, az-

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech za, from Proto-Slavic *za.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈza]

• audio:

  (file)

Preposition

za [with accusative]

1. behind (movement) (to a place behind)

   sednout si za volant ― to sit down behind the wheel

   Schoval jsem se za auto. ― I hid behind the car.

2. by (to grab by, to take by) (denotes the object being grabbed)

   Smím tě vzít za ruku? ― Can I hold your hand?

3. in (time taken) (after time elapsed)

   Sejdeme se tady za dvě hodiny. ― Let's meet back here in two hours.

   Za celou dobu, co jsem ji znala, se ani nepodívala na jiného chlapa. ― For as long as I've known her, she never even looked at another man.

4. for (amount accumulated during a certain period)

   údaje za leden 2022 ― data for January 2022

5. for (in exchange of / in return for) (e.g. price)

   Kolik dolarů dostanu za 100 korun? ― How many dollars will I get for 100 crowns?

6. for (struggle/fight for)

   boj za nezávislost ― struggle for independence

7. on behalf of, for

   za vládu ― on behalf of the government

8. (responsible) for

   Kdo za to odpovídá? ― Who is responsible for that? / Who is behind that?

9. for (apologize for / grateful for)

   Se omlouvám za to, co jsem včera řekl. ― I apologize for what I said yesterday.

   Jsem vděčný za příležitost. ― I'm grateful for the opportunity.

10. for, in favor of

    Je za trest smrti. ― He is in favor of the death penalty.

11. as (consider as, recognize as)

    Pokládali jsme ho za přítele. ― We considered him a friend.

12. per

    100 km za hodinu ― 100 km per hour

Preposition

za [with instrumental]

1. behind, beyond (location)

   Zahrada je za domem. ― The garden is behind the house.

2. after

   den za dnem ― day after day

   Běžel za ním. ― He ran after him.

   Pojď za mnou. ― Follow me. (Come after me).

3. behind (figuratively: in support)

   Všichni stojíme za vámi. ― We're all behind you.

4. behind (indicating the cause)

   Ona je za tím vším? ― She is behind all this?

Preposition

za [with genitive]

1. during (during the time of)

   Brali jsme se za války. ― We got married during the war.

   Telefonovala za jízdy. ― She was talking on the phone while she was driving.

Antonyms

• před (space science)

Further reading

• “za”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “za”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

French

Noun

za

1. (obsolete, music) solfège syllable formerly used to represent B flat

Friulian

Alternative forms

• ğa (alternative orthography)

Etymology

From Latin iam. Compare Italian già.

Adverb

za

1. already

   Synonym: biel

Derived terms

• dizà
• bielzà

Hadza

Etymology

• Bantu, cf. Isanzu -za 'to come'

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dza/

Verb

za

1. to come

   Synonym: botcho

Isthmus Zapotec

Noun

za

1. cloud

Japanese

Romanization

za

1. Rōmaji transcription of ざ
2. Rōmaji transcription of ザ

Kalasha

Noun

za

1. sauce, curry, gravy, stew

Kashubian

Alternative forms

• zó

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *za. Sense 1 is a semantic loan from Polish za.

Pronunciation

• Template:csb-IPA
• Syllabification: za

Preposition

za

1. in, during [with genitive]
2. behind, beyond, after denotes location [with instrumental]
3. behind, beyond denotes movement [with accusative]

Particle

za

2. overly, excessively, too

Related terms

prefix

• za-

 

Further reading

• Stefan Ramułt (1893) “za”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), page 258
• Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “za”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎^[4], volume 2, page 1439
• “za”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

Lower Sorbian

Alternative forms

• sa (obsolete)

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *za.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /za/

Preposition

za

1. for [with accusative]

   Žarim za nowy kompjuter. ― I’m saving for a new computer.

   Mam list za tebje. ― I have a letter for you.

   Wóna jo za amt kandiděrowała. ― She ran for an office.

   Něnto pokuśim za swóje zmólki. ― I’m paying for my mistakes now.

   Ja som raz za njogo źěłał. ― I used to work for him.

   Smej awto za 200 euro kupiłej. ― We bought a car for 200 euros.

   Za ten lětny cas jo južo pśeliš górucy. ― It’s already too hot for this time of year.

2. in (after a period of time) [with accusative]

   Buźom tam za pěś minuty. ― I’ll be there in five minutes.

3. behind (goal-oriented) [with accusative]

   Wón jo šeł za dom. ― He went behind the house.

4. behind (stationary location) [with instrumental]

   Wón stoj za domom. ― He’s standing behind the house.

Mandarin

Romanization

za

1. Nonstandard spelling of zā.
2. Nonstandard spelling of zǎ.
3. Nonstandard spelling of zá.

Usage notes

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Masurian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish za.

Pronunciation

• Template:zlw-mas-IPA

Particle

1. overly, excessively, too
   • Template:RQ:zlw-mas:Małi Princ

Preposition

1. behind, beyond, after denotes location
   • Template:RQ:zlw-mas:Małi Princ

Mezquital Otomi

Alternative forms

• z̄ǎ (obsolete)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zǎ/

Noun

zǎ

1. tree
2. wood
3. stick
4. firewood

Derived terms

• hanxiza (“leaf litter”)
• meza
• ndu̱nza (“tree trunk”)
• uaza
• xiza (“holm oak”)
• xäza (“juniper”)
• za ga mai
• zakthuhni
• zathe
• ꞌyaza
• ꞌñäza

 

References

• Andrews, Enriqueta (1950) Vocabulario otomí de Tasquillo, Hidalgo‎^[5] (in Spanish), México, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, pages 40, 46, 63, 70
• Hernández Cruz, Luis, Victoria Torquemada, Moisés (2010) Diccionario del hñähñu (otomí) del Valle del Mezquital, estado de Hidalgo (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 45)‎^[6] (in Spanish), second edition, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 397

Northern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jìja.

Verb

-za

1. (intransitive) to come

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Nupe

Etymology

Clipping of ezà

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zà/

Noun

zà (plural zàzhì)

1. Alternative form of ezà (“person; individual”)

Old Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *za.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈza/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈza/

Preposition

za

1. in, during [with genitive]
2. behind, beyond denotes movement [with accusative]
3. for, as, being
4. in, after with time constructions [with accusative]
5. behind denotes location [with instrumental]

Descendants

• Czech: za

References

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “za”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

Old Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *za. First attested in the 14th century

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /za/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /za/

Preposition

za

1. Denotes location where an action is directed toward [with accusative]
   • 1901 [1463-1465], Jan Rozwadowski, editor, De morte prologus [Rozmowa mistrza Polikarpa ze śmiercią]‎^[7], Mierzeniec, Płock, line 448:

     Geszthly... vethknye sza nadrą kapyczą

     [Jestli... wetknie za nadrę kapicę]

2. Denotes movement to a location behind something behind [with accusative]
   • Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎^[8], page 820:

     Vzyąly (pro zvyązaly) yemu rącze opak albo za szye

     [Zwią[za]li jemu ręce opak albo za sie]

3. Denotes general location by, at [with accusative]
   • Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎^[9], page 630:

     Yze spadl stolcza vznak za drzvy

     [Iże spadł z stolca wznak za drzwi]

4. Denotes distance behind [with accusative]
   • 1930 [c. 1455], “IV Reg”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)‎^[10], section 20,11:

     Naywodl cyen pan po tich rzøtkoch, gymysz ivsz bil sstøpyl na orloiv Achasowu zasyø za dzesyøcz slopyenyow (retrorsum decem gradibus)

     [Nawiodł cień Pan po tych rządkoch, jimiż już był zstąpił na orłoju Achasowu zasię za dzesięć słopieniow (retrorsum decem gradibus)]

5. Denotes location of grabbing or contact by [with accusative]
   • 1974 [1405], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty kaliskie‎^[11], volume IV, number 131, Kalisz:

     Yaco Yan... rwal gi sza wlosi

     [Jako Jan... rwał ji za włosy]

6. Denotes how long an action occurs for [with accusative]
   • c. 1301-1350, Kazania świętokrzyskie‎^[12], Miechów, page cv 41:

     Taco tih crolew [syn boży żądnie tam] o chacal, ize za trinadesce dny ot narodena gih […]

     [Tako tych krolew [Syn Boży żądnie tam]o czakał, iże za trzynadzieście dni ot narodzenia jich […] ]

7. Denotes length after which an action will begin in [with accusative] or [with instrumental]
   • 1967 [1408], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty kościańskie, volume III, number 376, Kościan:

     Jaco Potrasz Iandrzeya ne wranczil do pana santoczskego w pancz grziwen, ale za dve nedzeli na postauene

     [Jako Piotrasz Jędrzeja nie wręczył do pana Sątocskiego w pięć grzywien, ale za dwie niedzieli na postawienie]

8. Denotes position in time relative to a certain moment before
9. Denotes frequency of payment for; per [with accusative]
   • 1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 47:

     Aby... pyenyądzi szwych poszyczayącz, nye wyączey za kaszdy thydzen (pro qualibet septimana) wszącz myely, nyszly tylko geną qwartą

     [Aby... pieniędzy swych pożyczając, nie więcej za każdy tydzień (pro qualibet septimana) wziąć mieli, niżli (czy niźli) tylko jeną kwartę]

10. With an ordinal number; denotes which time in a sequence; for the _ time [with accusative]

    Synonym: po

    • 1895 [Fifteenth century], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich. Kodeks Działyńskich I‎^[13], Lesser Poland, page 58:

      Acz... w lesye drwa kv swemv poszythkv rąbal, ten, czyg lyas gest, za pyrwe ma wzącz syekyrą, za wtore syekyrą, plascz y suknya, za trzecze woly abo konye ma wzącz

      [Acz... w lesie drwa ku swemu pożytku rąbał, ten, czyj las jest, za pirwe ma wziąć siekirę, za wtore siekirę, płaszcz i suknią, za trzecie woły abo konie ma wziąć]

11. Used in verb government [with accusative] or [with instrumental]
12. Denotes benefactive action for [with accusative] or [with instrumental]
    • 1937 [15th century], Józef Birkenmajer, editor, Bogarodzica dziewica. Analiza tekstu, treści i formy‎^[14], number CE, Krakow, Warsaw, Częstochowa, Cieszyn, Sandomierz, Płock:

      O swyathy Voczyesze..., prosz sza nasz gospodna

      [O święty Wociesze..., proś za nas Gospodna]

13. Denotes function or similarity as; for
    • Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie‎^[15], Krakow, page 5a:

      Tako isczy Rymane szøcz gy ony sza boga bily mely

      [Tako iżci Rzymianie sąć ji oni za boga byli mieli]

    • Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎^[16], page 109:

      Od tego tako omdlal, yze owscheya za marthwe (quasi mortuus) lyezal

      [Od tego tako omdlał, iże owszeją za martwe (quasi mortuus) leżał]

14. Denotes cost for [with accusative]
    • 1959 [1387], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 22, Poznań:

      Jaco ten scot, czso gy ranczil Prandotha Maczeyewy, ten stal za szecz grziwen

      [Jako ten skot, czso ji ręczył Prędota Maciejewi, ten stał za szeć grzywien]

15. Denotes replacement with, for [with accusative]
    • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎^[17], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], page 108:

      Za to (pro eo), by mø mylowaly, wwloczyly sø mne

      [Za to (pro eo), by mię miłowali, uwłoczyli są mnie]

16. Denotes cause because of [with accusative] or [with instrumental]
    • c. 1301-1350, Kazania świętokrzyskie‎^[18], Miechów, page cr 17:

      S taynego sircha [strumienie gor]skich slez za grehi uilige

      [Z tajnego sirca [strumienie gor]skich słez za grzechy wylije]

17. Denotes manner [with accusative] or [with instrumental]
    • 1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 46:

      Abi nygeden... zemyenyn... kostek nye gygral na pozyczki..., yano tylko za pyenyądze gothowe (pecunia pro parata)

      [Aby nijeden... ziemienin... kostek nie jigrał na pożyczki..., jano tylko za pieniądze gotowe (pecunia pro parata)]

18. Denotes aim or goal for [with accusative]
    • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎^[19], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], page Ath 36:

      Genze cyrpal gest za zbawyenye nasze (pro salute nostra)

      [Jenże cirpiał jest za zbawienie nasze (pro salute nostra)]

19. Denotes position behind something behind [with instrumental]
    • 1981 [1403], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, t. V, A. Roty gnieźnieńskie, s. 76-274, number 125, Gniezno:

      Yaco Jarochna... rosipala copcze s prawem vsute a za timi kopczi vczinila dwadzeszcza grziwen scodi Zacharzewi, poszegwszi domi y dzena

      [Jako Jarochna... rozsypała kopce z prawem usute a za tymi kopcy uczyniła dwadzieścia grzywien szkody Zacharzewi, pożegwszy domy i dzienia]

20. Denotes the leader or causer of an action.
    • 1861 [1398], Pismo poświęcone naukom, sztukom i przemysłowi‎^[20], volume III, Biblioteka Warszawska, page 34:

      Tedi poslali comornika hy vosnego... prossącz gych prze bok, aby gim othpuscili przissangą hy kgnew pirwey, nisli posli hy ius copczi począti snamonowacz za nimi

      [Tedy posłali komornika hi woźnego... prosząc jich prze Bog, aby jim otpuścili przysięgę hi [k]gniew pirwej, niżli (czy niźli) poszli hi już kopcy poczęty snamionować za nimi]

21. Denotes connection with someone with [with instrumental]
    • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎^[21], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], page 62,8:

      Przistala iest dusza moia za tobø (adhaesit... post te)

      [Przystała jest dusza moja za tobą (adhaesit... post te)]

22. Denotes when something occurs at, during [with instrumental] or [with genitive]
    • 1888 [1404], Romuald Hube, editor, Zbiór rot przysiąg sądowych poznańskich, kościańskich, kaliskich, sieradzkich, piotrkowskich i dobrzyszyckich z końca wieku XIV i pierwszych lat wieku XV‎^[22], Greater Poland, page 118:

      Iacom Maczeya ne szyndowal swym pomocznykem za dnem any za noczø korzystnø rzeczø

      [Jakom Macieja nie szyndował swym pomocnikiem za dniem ani za nocą korzystną rzeczą]

23. based on [with instrumental]
    • 1888 [1402], Romuald Hube, editor, Zbiór rot przysiąg sądowych poznańskich, kościańskich, kaliskich, sieradzkich, piotrkowskich i dobrzyszyckich z końca wieku XIV i pierwszych lat wieku XV‎^[23], Greater Poland, page 101:

      Eze Groth yma trzi grziwni y osm groszi na Cusszowey czøsczi y za nim szedzi i plat yemu ma placzicz

      [Eże Grot ima trzy grzywny i ośm groszy na Kuszowej części i za nim siedzi i płat jemu ma płacić]

24. Denotes actions occurring alongside other actions [with instrumental]
    • 1967 [1424], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty kościańskie, volume III, number 1064, Kościan:

      Iaco kedy *nyeprzyeczele byezeli w zemya a [a] sskodzyly zemyą a kyedy pan Barthoss byezal za pogonem..., tedy nye slal do domv pana Gila, aby byezal za nyeprzyaczelmy

      [Jako kiedy nieprzyjaciele bieżeli w ziemię a [a] szkodzili ziemię a kiedy pan Bartosz bieżał za pogonem..., tedy nie słał do domu pana Gila, aby bieżał za nieprzyjacielmi]

25. Denotes object of payment for work [with instrumental]
    • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎^[24], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], page Ann 7:

      Napelneny pyrzwey, za chlebmy sø se posadzely (pro panibus se locaverunt I Reg 2, 5)

      [Napełnieni pirzwej, za chlebmi są sie posadzieli (pro panibus se locaverunt I Reg 2, 5)]

26. Denotes an accompanying object
    • 1974 [1402], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty kaliskie‎^[25], volume IV, number 52, Kalisz:

      Kedi[by] mi ne dal tego lista, tedibi mi swog mal na sø dacz sza swø peczanczø

      [Kiedy[by] mi nie dał tego lista, tedyby mi swoj miał na się dać za swą pieczęcią]

Postposition

za

1. The meaning of this term is uncertain.
   • 1959 [1398], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 381, Poznań:

     Yssze Marczin ne odmouil Yana szoltisa od rok za swego pana za Wolwrama

     [Iże Marcin nie odmowił Jana sołtysa od rok za swego pana za Wolframa]

Particle

za

1. interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question

   Synonym: azali

   • 1901 [1463-1465], Jan Rozwadowski, editor, De morte prologus [Rozmowa mistrza Polikarpa ze śmiercią]‎^[26], Mierzeniec, Płock, line w. 82:

     Wstan, mystrzv, othpovyecz, gyesthly vmyesz. Za po polskv nye *roszvnyesz?

     [Wstań, mistrzu, otpowiedz, jestli umiesz. Za po polsku nie rozumiesz?]

2. Combines with interrogatigives to mean what kind (of).
   • 1858 [c. 1408], Wojciech Szurkowski z Ponieca, “Wyroki sądów miejskich czyli ortyle [Urban court rulings i.e. "Ortyls"]”, in Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor, Historia prawodawstw słowiańskich [History of Slavic lawmaking], volume 6, Poniec, page 26:

     Czo za prawo myedzy thema dwema?

     [Co za prawo miedzy tema dwiema?]

Derived terms

adverbs

• za dar
• za jedno
• za nic

 

prefix

• za-

 

Descendants

• Polish: za
• Silesian: za

References

• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “za”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish za.

Particle

za

1. overly, excessively, too

   Synonym: zbyt

   Ta koszula jest dla mnie za mała. ― This shirt is too small for me.

Preposition

za

1. behind, beyond, after denotes location [with instrumental]

   Dzieci schowały się za murem. ― The children hid behind the wall.

   Skręć w prawo tuż za restauracją. ― Turn right just after the restaurant.

2. behind indicates the cause of something [with instrumental]

   Ciekawe, co kryje się za jej dziwnym zachowaniem. ― I wonder what's behind her strange behaviour.

3. for, in favour of [with instrumental]

   Jestem za strajkiem. ― I am in favour of the strike.

   Czy ona jest za naszym pomysłem? ― Is she for our idea?

4. after later in time or sequence [with instrumental]

   Synonym: po

   godzina za godziną ― hour after hour

5. behind, beyond denotes movement [with accusative]

   Wyjeżdżamy za granicę na kilka dni. ― We're going abroad for a few days. (literally, “We're going beyond the border for a few days.”)

6. by denotes the object being grabbed [with accusative]

   Trzymać kogoś za rękę. ― To hold someone by the hand.

7. in, to with time constructions [with accusative]

   Za miesiąc będę miał 25 lat. ― In a month I'll be 25 years old.

   za pięć szósta ― five (minutes) to six

8. for, in return for [with accusative]

   On był wdzięczny za naszą pomoc. ― He was grateful for our help.

   Ile zapłaciłeś za to? ― How much did you pay for this?

9. in, during [with genitive]

   za starych czasów ― in olden times/in olden times

   za królowej Wiktorii ― during Queen Victoria's reign

Derived terms

conjunction

• zanim

 

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), za is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 170 times in scientific texts, 192 times in news, 226 times in essays, 412 times in fiction, and 336 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 1336 times, making it the 30th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

Further reading

• za in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• za in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• “ZA_I”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 06.07.2009
• “ZA_II”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 06.07.2009
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “za”, in Słownik języka polskiego
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “za”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1927), “za”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 8, Warsaw, page 6

Rwanda-Rundi

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jìja.

Verb

-za (infinitive kūza, perfective -je)

1. to come

Usage notes

Both the present and perfective stems cause the preceding vowel to be lengthened.

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *za.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /za/

Preposition

za (Cyrillic spelling за)

1. for (expressing a reason) [with accusative]

   glasati za nekoga ― to vote for somebody

   prodati nešto za 100 dolara ― to sell something for a hundred dollars

   platiti za radoznalost ― to pay for one's curiosity

   bojati se za nekoga ― to fear for somebody

   doći kući za praznike ― to come home for the holiday season

2. behind, in back of, at (without change of position, answering the question gdjȅ/gdȅ) [with instrumental]

   sjediti/sedeti za stolom ― to sit at the table

   Idi za mnom. ― Follow me. (Go behind me.)

3. during [with genitive]

   za dana ― during the day, during daylight

   za života ― during one's life

   za vr(ij)eme rata ― during the war

4. to, toward [with accusative]

   cesta za Beč ― the road to Vienna

   putovati za Beč ― to travel to Vienna

5. in (in expressions with time) [with accusative]

   doći opet za nekoliko dana ― to come back in a few days

   pretrčati 100 metara za 9 sekundi ― to run 100 meters in 9 seconds

6. by [with accusative]

   uzeti za ruku ― to take by the hand

   uhvatiti za ruku ― to grab by the arm

   vući za uši ― to pull by the ears

7. for, as (with verbs denoting naming, appointing, declaring, considering, etc.) [with accusative]

   postaviti nekoga za preds(j)ednika ― to appoint somebody president

   držati nekoga za pametnog čov(j)eka ― to consider somebody a smart person

8. after [with instrumental]

   jedan za drugim ― one after another

   praviti grešku za greškom ― to make one error after another; to make errors repeatedly

   Ponovite za mnom. ― Repeat after me.

9. for [with instrumental]

   tugovati za nekim ― to grieve for somebody

   čeznuti za srećom ― to yearn for happiness

   Ljudi koji svakodnevno imaju potrebu za čokoladnim stvarima. ― People who have a daily need for chocolate stuff.

   Često se misli da je želja za određenom vrstom hrane psihološke prirode. ― It is often thought that the desire for certain type of food is of psychological nature.

Sicilian

Etymology

From Late Latin thia, from Ancient Greek θεία (theía).

Noun

za

1. aunt

Related terms

• tzitzi
• zu

Silesian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish za.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈza/
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: za

Preposition

za

1. Denotes location; behind [with instrumental]
2. Denotes movement; behind, beyond [with instrumental]
3. Denotes period; in, during [with genitive]
4. Denotes object of emotions; for [with instrumental]
5. Denotes object of exchange; for [with accusative]
6. Denotes source or cause; for [with genitive]
7. Denotes desired object; for [with accusative]
8. Denotes time; in [with accusative]

   Synonym: po

9. With repeated nouns; denotes time after [with instrumental]

   Synonym: po

   dziyń za dniym ― day after day

10. Denotes location not within; outside [with instrumental]

    Synonyms: pod, poza

    Antonym: w

11. With an ordinal number and rŏz for (the Xth time) [with instrumental]

    Synonym: po

12. Indicates amount; for [with accusative]
13. Used to denote elapsing time; in [with accusative]
14. Denotes profession. [with accusative]
15. Denotes a trait; for, as [with accusative]

Related terms

prefix

• za-

 

Further reading

• za in dykcjonorz.eu
• za in silling.org

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *za.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /za/

Preposition

za

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}. [with genitive]
2. behind (stationary) [with instrumental]
3. after, following (in time) [with instrumental]
4. behind (motion to) [with accusative]
5. for [with accusative]

Further reading

• “za”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Spanish

Interjection

za (¡za!)

1. (usually said to an animal) scat, get out of here

Further reading

• “za”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014

Sumerian

Romanization

za

1. Romanization of 𒍝 (za)

Swahili

Particle

za

1. N class inflected form of -a (plural only).

Tedim Chin

Etymology

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *yan, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-r-gya.

Numeral

za

1. hundred

References

• Zomi Ordbog based on the work of D.L. Haokip

Xhosa

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jìja.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [z̥a̤]

Verb

-za

1. (intransitive) to come

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Related terms

• -zama

Zou

Etymology

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *yan, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-r-gya.

Numeral

za

1. hundred

References

• Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jìja.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /za/

Verb

-za

1. (intransitive) to come

Inflection

Tone L, latent i
Infinitive	ukuza
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukuza	ukungezi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	yiza	-ze
Plural	yizani	-zeni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyeza, ngiza	engizayo, engiza	ngiza	angizi	engingezi	ngingezi
2nd singular	uyeza, uza	ozayo, oza	uza	awuzi	ongezi	ungezi
1st plural	siyeza, siza	esizayo, esiza	siza	asizi	esingezi	singezi
2nd plural	niyeza, niza	enizayo, eniza	niza	anizi	eningezi	ningezi
Class 1	uyeza, uza	ozayo, oza	eza	akezi	ongezi	engezi
Class 2	bayeza, beza	abezayo, abeza	beza	abezi	abangezi	bengezi
Class 3	uyeza, uza	ozayo, oza	uza	awuzi	ongezi	ungezi
Class 4	iyeza, iza	ezayo, eza	iza	ayizi	engezi	ingezi
Class 5	liyeza, liza	elizayo, eliza	liza	alizi	elingezi	lingezi
Class 6	ayeza, eza	ezayo, eza	eza	awezi	angezi	engezi
Class 7	siyeza, siza	esizayo, esiza	siza	asizi	esingezi	singezi
Class 8	ziyeza, ziza	ezizayo, eziza	ziza	azizi	ezingezi	zingezi
Class 9	iyeza, iza	ezayo, eza	iza	ayizi	engezi	ingezi
Class 10	ziyeza, ziza	ezizayo, eziza	ziza	azizi	ezingezi	zingezi
Class 11	luyeza, luza	oluzayo, oluza	luza	aluzi	olungezi	lungezi
Class 14	buyeza, buza	obuzayo, obuza	buza	abuzi	obungezi	bungezi
Class 15	kuyeza, kuza	okuzayo, okuza	kuza	akuzi	okungezi	kungezi
Class 17	kuyeza, kuza	okuzayo, okuza	kuza	akuzi	okungezi	kungezi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizile, ngizē	engizile, engizē	ngizile, ngizē	angizanga	engingezanga	ngingezanga
2nd singular	uzile, uzē	ozile, ozē	uzile, uzē	awuzanga	ongezanga	ungezanga
1st plural	sizile, sizē	esizile, esizē	sizile, sizē	asizanga	esingezanga	singezanga
2nd plural	nizile, nizē	enizile, enizē	nizile, nizē	anizanga	eningezanga	ningezanga
Class 1	uzile, uzē	ozile, ozē	ezile, ezē	akezanga	ongezanga	engezanga
Class 2	bezile, bezē	abezile, abezē	bezile, bezē	abezanga	abangezanga	bengezanga
Class 3	uzile, uzē	ozile, ozē	uzile, uzē	awuzanga	ongezanga	ungezanga
Class 4	izile, izē	ezile, ezē	izile, izē	ayizanga	engezanga	ingezanga
Class 5	lizile, lizē	elizile, elizē	lizile, lizē	alizanga	elingezanga	lingezanga
Class 6	ezile, ezē	ezile, ezē	ezile, ezē	awezanga	angezanga	engezanga
Class 7	sizile, sizē	esizile, esizē	sizile, sizē	asizanga	esingezanga	singezanga
Class 8	zizile, zizē	ezizile, ezizē	zizile, zizē	azizanga	ezingezanga	zingezanga
Class 9	izile, izē	ezile, ezē	izile, izē	ayizanga	engezanga	ingezanga
Class 10	zizile, zizē	ezizile, ezizē	zizile, zizē	azizanga	ezingezanga	zingezanga
Class 11	luzile, luzē	oluzile, oluzē	luzile, luzē	aluzanga	olungezanga	lungezanga
Class 14	buzile, buzē	obuzile, obuzē	buzile, buzē	abuzanga	obungezanga	bungezanga
Class 15	kuzile, kuzē	okuzile, okuzē	kuzile, kuzē	akuzanga	okungezanga	kungezanga
Class 17	kuzile, kuzē	okuzile, okuzē	kuzile, kuzē	akuzanga	okungezanga	kungezanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāza	engāza	ngāza	angizanga	engingezanga	ngingezanga
2nd singular	wāza	owāza	wāza	awuzanga	ongezanga	ungezanga
1st plural	sāza	esāza	sāza	asizanga	esingezanga	singezanga
2nd plural	nāza	enāza	nāza	anizanga	eningezanga	ningezanga
Class 1	wāza	owāza	āza	akezanga	ongezanga	engezanga
Class 2	bāza	abāza	bāza	abezanga	abangezanga	bengezanga
Class 3	wāza	owāza	wāza	awuzanga	ongezanga	ungezanga
Class 4	yāza	eyāza	yāza	ayizanga	engezanga	ingezanga
Class 5	lāza	elāza	lāza	alizanga	elingezanga	lingezanga
Class 6	āza	āza	āza	awezanga	angezanga	engezanga
Class 7	sāza	esāza	sāza	asizanga	esingezanga	singezanga
Class 8	zāza	ezāza	zāza	azizanga	ezingezanga	zingezanga
Class 9	yāza	eyāza	yāza	ayizanga	engezanga	ingezanga
Class 10	zāza	ezāza	zāza	azizanga	ezingezanga	zingezanga
Class 11	lwāza	olwāza	lwāza	aluzanga	olungezanga	lungezanga
Class 14	bāza	obāza	bāza	abuzanga	obungezanga	bungezanga
Class 15	kwāza	okwāza	kwāza	akuzanga	okungezanga	kungezanga
Class 17	kwāza	okwāza	kwāza	akuzanga	okungezanga	kungezanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingeza	—	ngingeza	ngingeze	—	ngingeze
2nd singular	ungeza	—	ungeza	ungeze	—	ungeze
1st plural	singeza	—	singeza	singeze	—	singeze
2nd plural	ningeza	—	ningeza	ningeze	—	ningeze
Class 1	angeza	—	engeza	angeze	—	engeze
Class 2	bangeza	—	bengeza	bangeze	—	bengeze
Class 3	ungeza	—	ungeza	ungeze	—	ungeze
Class 4	ingeza	—	ingeza	ingeze	—	ingeze
Class 5	lingeza	—	lingeza	lingeze	—	lingeze
Class 6	angeza	—	engeza	angeze	—	engeze
Class 7	singeza	—	singeza	singeze	—	singeze
Class 8	zingeza	—	zingeza	zingeze	—	zingeze
Class 9	ingeza	—	ingeza	ingeze	—	ingeze
Class 10	zingeza	—	zingeza	zingeze	—	zingeze
Class 11	lungeza	—	lungeza	lungeze	—	lungeze
Class 14	bungeza	—	bungeza	bungeze	—	bungeze
Class 15	kungeza	—	kungeza	kungeze	—	kungeze
Class 17	kungeza	—	kungeza	kungeze	—	kungeze
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizokuza	engizokuza	ngizokuza	angizukuza	engingezukuza	ngingezukuza
2nd singular	uzokuza	ozokuza	uzokuza	awuzukuza	ongezukuza	ungezukuza
1st plural	sizokuza	esizokuza	sizokuza	asizukuza	esingezukuza	singezukuza
2nd plural	nizokuza	enizokuza	nizokuza	anizukuza	eningezukuza	ningezukuza
Class 1	uzokuza	ozokuza	ezokuza	akazukuza	ongezukuza	engezukuza
Class 2	bazokuza	abazokuza	bezokuza	abazukuza	abangezukuza	bengezukuza
Class 3	uzokuza	ozokuza	uzokuza	awuzukuza	ongezukuza	ungezukuza
Class 4	izokuza	ezokuza	izokuza	ayizukuza	engezukuza	ingezukuza
Class 5	lizokuza	elizokuza	lizokuza	alizukuza	elingezukuza	lingezukuza
Class 6	azokuza	azokuza	ezokuza	awazukuza	angezukuza	engezukuza
Class 7	sizokuza	esizokuza	sizokuza	asizukuza	esingezukuza	singezukuza
Class 8	zizokuza	ezizokuza	zizokuza	azizukuza	ezingezukuza	zingezukuza
Class 9	izokuza	ezokuza	izokuza	ayizukuza	engezukuza	ingezukuza
Class 10	zizokuza	ezizokuza	zizokuza	azizukuza	ezingezukuza	zingezukuza
Class 11	luzokuza	oluzokuza	luzokuza	aluzukuza	olungezukuza	lungezukuza
Class 14	buzokuza	obuzokuza	buzokuza	abuzukuza	obungezukuza	bungezukuza
Class 15	kuzokuza	okuzokuza	kuzokuza	akuzukuza	okungezukuza	kungezukuza
Class 17	kuzokuza	okuzokuza	kuzokuza	akuzukuza	okungezukuza	kungezukuza
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyokuza	engiyokuza	ngiyokuza	angiyukuza	engingeyukuza	ngingeyukuza
2nd singular	uyokuza	oyokuza	uyokuza	awuyukuza	ongeyukuza	ungeyukuza
1st plural	siyokuza	esiyokuza	siyokuza	asiyukuza	esingeyukuza	singeyukuza
2nd plural	niyokuza	eniyokuza	niyokuza	aniyukuza	eningeyukuza	ningeyukuza
Class 1	uyokuza	oyokuza	eyokuza	akayukuza	ongeyukuza	engeyukuza
Class 2	bayokuza	abayokuza	beyokuza	abayukuza	abangeyukuza	bengeyukuza
Class 3	uyokuza	oyokuza	uyokuza	awuyukuza	ongeyukuza	ungeyukuza
Class 4	iyokuza	eyokuza	iyokuza	ayiyukuza	engeyukuza	ingeyukuza
Class 5	liyokuza	eliyokuza	liyokuza	aliyukuza	elingeyukuza	lingeyukuza
Class 6	ayokuza	ayokuza	eyokuza	awayukuza	angeyukuza	engeyukuza
Class 7	siyokuza	esiyokuza	siyokuza	asiyukuza	esingeyukuza	singeyukuza
Class 8	ziyokuza	eziyokuza	ziyokuza	aziyukuza	ezingeyukuza	zingeyukuza
Class 9	iyokuza	eyokuza	iyokuza	ayiyukuza	engeyukuza	ingeyukuza
Class 10	ziyokuza	eziyokuza	ziyokuza	aziyukuza	ezingeyukuza	zingeyukuza
Class 11	luyokuza	oluyokuza	luyokuza	aluyukuza	olungeyukuza	lungeyukuza
Class 14	buyokuza	obuyokuza	buyokuza	abuyukuza	obungeyukuza	bungeyukuza
Class 15	kuyokuza	okuyokuza	kuyokuza	akuyukuza	okungeyukuza	kungeyukuza
Class 17	kuyokuza	okuyokuza	kuyokuza	akuyukuza	okungeyukuza	kungeyukuza
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngize	ngingezi
2nd singular	uze	ungezi
1st plural	size	singezi
2nd plural	nize	ningezi
Class 1	eze	angezi
Class 2	beze	bangezi
Class 3	uze	ungezi
Class 4	ize	ingezi
Class 5	lize	lingezi
Class 6	eze	angezi
Class 7	size	singezi
Class 8	zize	zingezi
Class 9	ize	ingezi
Class 10	zize	zingezi
Class 11	luze	lungezi
Class 14	buze	bungezi
Class 15	kuze	kungezi
Class 17	kuze	kungezi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngeza	ngangeza, angeza, angangeza
2nd singular	weza	wangeza, aweza, awangeza
1st plural	seza	sangeza, aseza, asangeza
2nd plural	neza	nangeza, aneza, anangeza
Class 1	weza	wangeza, akeza, akangeza
Class 2	beza	bangeza, abeza, abangeza
Class 3	weza	wangeza, aweza, awangeza
Class 4	yeza	yangeza, ayeza, ayangeza
Class 5	leza	langeza, aleza, alangeza
Class 6	eza	angeza, aweza, awangeza
Class 7	seza	sangeza, aseza, asangeza
Class 8	zeza	zangeza, azeza, azangeza
Class 9	yeza	yangeza, ayeza, ayangeza
Class 10	zeza	zangeza, azeza, azangeza
Class 11	lweza	lwangeza, alweza, alwangeza
Class 14	beza	bangeza, abeza, abangeza
Class 15	kweza	kwangeza, akweza, akwangeza
Class 17	kweza	kwangeza, akweza, akwangeza

Related terms

• -zama

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “za”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “za”