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→‎Adjective: having a place of articulation towards the back of the mouth; in modern use, uvular, pharyngeal, or glottal; in earlier or non-technical use, also including velar
 
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===Etymology===
===Etymology===
From {{bor|en|frm|guttural}}, from {{der|en|NL.|gutturālis}}, from {{der|en|la|guttur||throat}} + {{m|la|-ālis}}.
From {{bor|en|frm|guttural}}, from {{der|en|NL.|gutturālis}}, from {{der|en|la|guttur||throat}} + {{m|la|-ālis}}.

Senses 4 and 5 apparently by conflation with [[gut]] and [[gutter]] respectively.<ref name="Zimmer2005"/>


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/ˈɡʌtəɹəl/}}
* {{IPA|en|/ˈɡʌtəɹəl/}}
** {{a|US}} {{IPA|en|[ˈɡʌɾɚɫ̩]}}
** {{IPA|en|[ˈɡʌɾɚɫ̩]|a=US}}
** {{audio|en|En-us-guttural.ogg|Audio (US)}}
** {{audio|en|En-us-guttural.ogg|a=US}}
* {{rhymes|en|ʌtəɹəl}}
* {{rhymes|en|ʌtəɹəl|s=3}}


===Adjective===
===Adjective===
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# Sounding [[harsh]] and [[throaty]].
# Sounding [[harsh]] and [[throaty]].
#: {{ux|en|Arabic is considered a very '''guttural''' language, with many harsh consonants.}}
#: {{ux|en|Arabic is considered a very '''guttural''' language, with many harsh consonants.}}
⚫
#* {{RQ:Travers Cuckoo in the Nest|chapter=5|passage=The departure was not unduly prolonged.{{...}}Within the door Mrs. Spoker hastily imparted to Mrs. Love a few final sentiments on the subject of Divine Intention in the disposition of buckets; farewells and last commiserations; a deep, '''guttural''' instigation to the horse; and the wheels of the waggonette crunched heavily away into obscurity.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1922|author={{w|Ben Travers}}
|chapter=5|title=[http://openlibrary.org/works/OL1521052W A Cuckoo in the Nest]
⚫
|passage=The departure was not unduly prolonged.{{...}}Within the door Mrs. Spoker hastily imparted to Mrs. Love a few final sentiments on the subject of Divine Intention in the disposition of buckets; farewells and last commiserations; a deep, '''guttural''' instigation to the horse; and the wheels of the waggonette crunched heavily away into obscurity.}}
# {{lb|en|phonetics}} having a [[place of articulation]] towards the back of the mouth; in modern use, {{m|en|uvular}}, {{m|en|pharyngeal}}, or {{m|en|glottal}}; in earlier or non-technical use, also including {{m|en|velar}}.<ref>R. L. Trask [https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofphon0000tras/page/164 ''A Dictionary of Phonetics''] (Routledge 1996) p. 164</ref>
# {{lb|en|phonetics}} having a [[place of articulation]] towards the back of the mouth; in modern use, {{m|en|uvular}}, {{m|en|pharyngeal}}, or {{m|en|glottal}}; in earlier or non-technical use, also including {{m|en|velar}}.<ref>R. L. Trask [https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofphon0000tras/page/164 ''A Dictionary of Phonetics''] (Routledge 1996) p. 164</ref>
# {{lb|en|medicine|anatomy}} Of, relating to, or connected to the [[throat]].
# {{lb|en|medicine|anatomy}} Of, relating to, or connected to the [[throat]].
#: {{ux|en|'''guttural''' duct of the ear; &nbsp; '''guttural''' pouch infection}}
#: {{co|en|'''guttural''' duct of the ear; &nbsp; '''guttural''' pouch infection}}
# {{lb|en|proscribed}}<ref>Dot Wordsworth, ''The Spectator'' 30 June 2022, [https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/does-meghan-markle-know-what-guttural-means- "Does Meghan Markle know what ‘guttural’ means? Possibly, she meant visceral"]</ref><ref name="Zimmer2005"/> [[visceral]]
#*'''2019''' March 10, Beandrea July, [https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-reviews/darlin-review-1193620/amp/ "'Darlin&apos;': Film Review | SXSW 2019"] ''Hollywood Reporter''
#*:It’s taking on the social wing of horror (popularized by Jordan Peele’s 2017 hit ''Get Out'') without giving up the '''guttural''' antics of a slasher film.
#*'''2022''' June 28, [https://www.vogue.com/article/gloria-steinem-duchess-of-sussex-jessica-yellin-roe-v-wade "Gloria Steinem, the Duchess of Sussex, and Jessica Yellin on Abortion Rights, the ERA, and Why They Won’t Give Up Hope"] ''Vogue''
#*: ''M[eghan, the Duchess of Sussex]:'' They may target women, but the consequences impact all of us. My husband and I talked about that a lot over the past few days. He’s a feminist too. ... And his reaction last week was '''guttural''', like mine.
#*'''2022''' October, Anand Giridharadas, [https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/17/opinion/midterm-democracy-crisis.html "The Uncomfortable Truths That Could Yet Defeat Fascism"] ''The New York Times'':
#*:In their own circles and sometimes in public, these organizers warn that the right is outcompeting small-d democrats in its psychological insight into voters and their anxieties, its messaging, its knack for narrative, its instinct to make its cause not just a policy program but also a home offering meaning, comfort and belonging. They worry, meanwhile, that their own allies can be hamstrung by a naïve and high-minded view of human nature, a bias for the wonky over the '''guttural''', a self-sabotaging coolness toward those who don’t perfectly understand, a quaint belief in going high against opponents who keep stooping to new lows and a lack of fight and a lack of talent at seizing the mic and telling the kinds of galvanizing stories that bend nations’ arcs.
# {{lb|en|proscribed}}<ref name="Zimmer2005">Benjamin Zimmer ''Language Log'', 6 November 2005 [http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/002628.html "GUTTURAL POLITICS"]</ref> [[crass]], [[vulgar]], low, base
#*'''2005''' April 12, Rush Limbaugh, quoted by Tony Sanders [https://web.archive.org/web/20050612080537/http://billboardradiomonitor.com/radiomonitor/news/format/talk/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1000882749 "Limbaugh's Loose Lips Lead To On-Air Apology"] ''Billboard Radio Monitor''
#*:I meant to say 'oral sex' throughout, but the '''guttural''' term escaped my pouty lips in a moment of pure, unbridled passion.
#*'''2015''' December 11, Ed Pilkington [https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/dec/11/donald-trump-polling-muslim-ban-republican-support-new-hampshire "Donald Trump: I'm still winning despite 'incredible heat' of Muslim ban backlash"] ''The Guardian''
#*:It’s not hard to put flesh on the bones of these poll statistics in the streets of Portsmouth, a pretty little New England town which seems almost too quaint to accommodate the '''guttural''' politics of Donald Trump.


====Translations====
====Translations====
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* French: {{t+|fr|guttural}}
* French: {{t+|fr|guttural}}
* German: {{t+|de|guttural}}, {{t+|de|kehlig}}
* German: {{t+|de|guttural}}, {{t+|de|kehlig}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|λαρυγγώδης|m}}, {{qualifier|linguistics}} {{t+|el|λαρυγγόφωνος|m}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|λαρυγγώδης|m}}, {{qualifier|linguistics}} {{t+|el|λαρυγγόφωνος|m}}
* Hebrew: {{t|he|גְרוֹנִי|m|sc=Hebr}}
* Hebrew: {{t|he|גְרוֹנִי|m|sc=Hebr}}
* Ido: {{t+|io|guturala}}
* Ido: {{t+|io|guturala}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|gutturale}}
* Polish: {{t|pl|nieartykułowany}}
* Polish: {{t|pl|nieartykułowany}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|gutural}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|gutural}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|gutural}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|gutural}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|горта́нный}}, {{t+|ru|горлово́й}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|горта́нный}}, {{t+|ru|горлово́й}}
* Spanish: {{t|es|gutural}}
{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}


{{trans-top|phonetics: articulated at the back of the mouth}}
{{trans-top|phonetics: articulated at the back of the mouth}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|гърлен|sc=Cyrl}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|гърлен|sc=Cyrl}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|gutturaalinen}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|gutturaalinen}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|gardłowy}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|gardłowy}}
* Sanskrit: {{t+|sa|कण्ठ्य}}
* Sanskrit: {{t+|sa|कण्ठ्य}}
* Spanish: {{t|es|gutural}}
{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}


{{trans-top|medicine, anatomy: of, relating to, or connected to the throat}}
{{trans-top|medicine, anatomy: of, relating to, or connected to the throat}}
* Bulgarian: {{t|bg|на гърлото|sc=Cyrl}}
* Bulgarian: {{t|bg|на гърлото|sc=Cyrl}}
⚫
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|kurkku|alt=kurkku-}}, {{t+|fi|gutturaalinen}}
{{trans-mid}}
⚫
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|kurkku|alt=kurkku-}}, {{t|fi|gutturaalinen}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|gardłowy}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|gardłowy}}
{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}
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{{trans-top|harsh and throaty spoken sound}}
{{trans-top|harsh and throaty spoken sound}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|kähinä}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|kähinä}}
{{trans-mid}}
{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}

----


==French==
==French==
Line 102: Line 83:
{{fr-adj}}
{{fr-adj}}


# [[#English|guttural]] {{gloss|of a consonant}}
# {{l|en|guttural}} {{gloss|of a consonant}}
# {{lb|fr|relational}} [[throat]]; [[#English|guttural]]
# {{lb|fr|relational}} [[throat]]; {{l|en|guttural}}


===Further reading===
===Further reading===
* {{R:TLFi}}
* {{R:fr:TLFi}}

----


==German==
==German==
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===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|de|/ɡʊtuˈʁaːl/}}
* {{IPA|de|/ɡʊtuˈʁaːl/}}
* {{audio|de|De-guttural.ogg|Audio}}
* {{audio|de|De-guttural.ogg}}
* {{rhymes|de|aːl|s=3}}
* {{rhymes|de|aːl|s=3}}


Latest revision as of 20:49, 9 July 2024

English

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Middle French guttural, from New Latin gutturālis, from Latin guttur (“throat”) + -ālis.

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): /ˈɡʌtəɹəl/
    • (US) IPA(key): [ˈɡʌɾɚɫ̩]
    • Audio (US):(file)
  • Rhymes: -ʌtəɹəl

Adjective

[edit]

guttural (comparative more guttural, superlative most guttural)

  1. Sounding harsh and throaty.
    Arabic is considered a very guttural language, with many harsh consonants.
    • 1921, Ben Travers, chapter 5, in A Cuckoo in the Nest, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, published 1925, →OCLC:
      The departure was not unduly prolonged. […] Within the door Mrs. Spoker hastily imparted to Mrs. Love a few final sentiments on the subject of Divine Intention in the disposition of buckets; farewells and last commiserations; a deep, guttural instigation to the horse; and the wheels of the waggonette crunched heavily away into obscurity.
  2. (phonetics) having a place of articulation towards the back of the mouth; in modern use, uvular, pharyngeal, or glottal; in earlier or non-technical use, also including velar.[1]
  3. (medicine, anatomy) Of, relating to, or connected to the throat.
    guttural duct of the ear;   guttural pouch infection

Translations

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ R. L. Trask A Dictionary of Phonetics (Routledge 1996) p. 164

Noun

[edit]

guttural (plural gutturals)

  1. A harsh and throaty spoken sound
    • 1899, Stanley Waterloo, The Wolf's Long Howl‎[1]:
      He was hairy, and his speech of rough gutturals was imperfect.
    • 1912, Frederic Stewart Isham, A Man and His Money‎[2]:
      He seems quite an exception to some husbands in that respect!" remarked the Berliner in deep gutturals.
    • 1919, Edgar Rice Burroughs, Jungle Tales of Tarzan‎[3]:
      "Teeka is Tarzan's," said the ape-man, in the low gutturals of the great anthropoids.

Translations

[edit]

French

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Learned borrowing from New Latin gutturālis.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Adjective

[edit]

guttural (feminine gutturale, masculine plural gutturaux, feminine plural gutturales)

  1. guttural (of a consonant)
  2. (relational) throat; guttural

Further reading

[edit]

German

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Adjective

[edit]

guttural (strong nominative masculine singular gutturaler, comparative gutturaler, superlative am gutturalsten)

  1. guttural

Declension

[edit]
Positive forms of guttural
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter
predicative er ist guttural sie ist guttural es ist guttural sie sind guttural
strong declension
(without article) 		nominative gutturaler gutturale gutturales gutturale
genitive gutturalen gutturaler gutturalen gutturaler
dative gutturalem gutturaler gutturalem gutturalen
accusative gutturalen gutturale gutturales gutturale
weak declension
(with definite article) 		nominative der gutturale die gutturale das gutturale die gutturalen
genitive des gutturalen der gutturalen des gutturalen der gutturalen
dative dem gutturalen der gutturalen dem gutturalen den gutturalen
accusative den gutturalen die gutturale das gutturale die gutturalen
mixed declension
(with indefinite article) 		nominative ein gutturaler eine gutturale ein gutturales (keine) gutturalen
genitive eines gutturalen einer gutturalen eines gutturalen (keiner) gutturalen
dative einem gutturalen einer gutturalen einem gutturalen (keinen) gutturalen
accusative einen gutturalen eine gutturale ein gutturales (keine) gutturalen
Comparative forms of guttural
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter
predicative er ist gutturaler sie ist gutturaler es ist gutturaler sie sind gutturaler
strong declension
(without article) 		nominative gutturalerer gutturalere gutturaleres gutturalere
genitive gutturaleren gutturalerer gutturaleren gutturalerer
dative gutturalerem gutturalerer gutturalerem gutturaleren
accusative gutturaleren gutturalere gutturaleres gutturalere
weak declension
(with definite article) 		nominative der gutturalere die gutturalere das gutturalere die gutturaleren
genitive des gutturaleren der gutturaleren des gutturaleren der gutturaleren
dative dem gutturaleren der gutturaleren dem gutturaleren den gutturaleren
accusative den gutturaleren die gutturalere das gutturalere die gutturaleren
mixed declension
(with indefinite article) 		nominative ein gutturalerer eine gutturalere ein gutturaleres (keine) gutturaleren
genitive eines gutturaleren einer gutturaleren eines gutturaleren (keiner) gutturaleren
dative einem gutturaleren einer gutturaleren einem gutturaleren (keinen) gutturaleren
accusative einen gutturaleren eine gutturalere ein gutturaleres (keine) gutturaleren
Superlative forms of guttural
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter
predicative er ist am gutturalsten sie ist am gutturalsten es ist am gutturalsten sie sind am gutturalsten
strong declension
(without article) 		nominative gutturalster gutturalste gutturalstes gutturalste
genitive gutturalsten gutturalster gutturalsten gutturalster
dative gutturalstem gutturalster gutturalstem gutturalsten
accusative gutturalsten gutturalste gutturalstes gutturalste
weak declension
(with definite article) 		nominative der gutturalste die gutturalste das gutturalste die gutturalsten
genitive des gutturalsten der gutturalsten des gutturalsten der gutturalsten
dative dem gutturalsten der gutturalsten dem gutturalsten den gutturalsten
accusative den gutturalsten die gutturalste das gutturalste die gutturalsten
mixed declension
(with indefinite article) 		nominative ein gutturalster eine gutturalste ein gutturalstes (keine) gutturalsten
genitive eines gutturalsten einer gutturalsten eines gutturalsten (keiner) gutturalsten
dative einem gutturalsten einer gutturalsten einem gutturalsten (keinen) gutturalsten
accusative einen gutturalsten eine gutturalste ein gutturalstes (keine) gutturalsten

Further reading

[edit]
  • “guttural” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
  • “guttural” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
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